NM GF CORE PRACTICE EXAM 2026 FULL
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ why do pheo patients have elevated hct levels. Answer: chronic
alpha constriction leads to volume depletion and
hemoconcentration
◉ urine vs plasma metanephrines. Answer: urine - high specificity,
low sens
plasma - more sensitive, less specific
◉ imaging modalities beside CT for pheo. Answer: nuclear imaging i-
mibg, catecholamine precursor taken up by chromaffin cells
◉ lap adrenelectomy for pheos that are. Answer: less than < 8 cm in
size and have no malignant features on imaging
◉ thyroglossal duct cyst. Answer: above cricoid cartilage
elevates with tongue protrusion/swallowing
◉ suppurative thyroiditis. Answer: transient, painful goiter due to
bacterial infection
,most commonly due to staph aureus, strep pyogenes
◉ mcc death in thyroid storm due to. Answer: high output cardiac
failure
occurs in post-op patients with undiagnosed graves
first line therapy includes beta blockers, PTU
◉ c cells, which produce calcitonin, arise from the. Answer: fourth
pharyngeal pouch
◉ thyroid lymphoma commonly occurs in setting of. Answer:
hashimotos thyroiditis
◉ can't use fna to diagnose. Answer: follicular carcinoma
◉ hurthle cell carcinoma. Answer: subtype of follicular
composed of hurthele cells - large eosinophilic epithelial cells
only slightly worse prognosis than follicular carcinoma
◉ cancers associated with psammoma bodies. Answer: PSaMMoma
,papillary of thyroid
serous cystadeocarcinoma of ovary
meningioma
mesothelioma
◉ which thyroid nodules should undergo biopsy. Answer: > 1 cm in
size
internal microcalcifications
hx of growth
◉ management of fna of undetermined significance?. Answer: repeat
fna
◉ treatment of follicular cancre. Answer: total thyroidectomy - not
just lobectomy
can do lobectomies for small papillary cancers < 1 cm
◉ all patients with medullary thyroid cancer > 1 cm. Answer: should
undergo intial central neck dissection
, lateral neck dissection - performed when palpable ot
sonographically abnormal lymph nodes found in lateral
compartment
◉ which thyroid cancers concentrate radioactive iodine. Answer:
most papillary, follicular
only minority of hurthle, medullary doesn't
◉ postop management of thyroid cancer?. Answer: RAI
suppressive thyroxine therapy - to decrease TSH
◉ how to measure recurrence of thyroid cancer. Answer:
thyroglobulin - should be removed with total thyroidectomy
◉ what are the major structures that can be injured during
thyroidectomy. Answer: recurrent laryngeal
external branch of superior laryngeal
parathyroid glands
◉ recurrent laryngeal innervates. Answer: all the muscles of the
larynx except the cricothyroid
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ why do pheo patients have elevated hct levels. Answer: chronic
alpha constriction leads to volume depletion and
hemoconcentration
◉ urine vs plasma metanephrines. Answer: urine - high specificity,
low sens
plasma - more sensitive, less specific
◉ imaging modalities beside CT for pheo. Answer: nuclear imaging i-
mibg, catecholamine precursor taken up by chromaffin cells
◉ lap adrenelectomy for pheos that are. Answer: less than < 8 cm in
size and have no malignant features on imaging
◉ thyroglossal duct cyst. Answer: above cricoid cartilage
elevates with tongue protrusion/swallowing
◉ suppurative thyroiditis. Answer: transient, painful goiter due to
bacterial infection
,most commonly due to staph aureus, strep pyogenes
◉ mcc death in thyroid storm due to. Answer: high output cardiac
failure
occurs in post-op patients with undiagnosed graves
first line therapy includes beta blockers, PTU
◉ c cells, which produce calcitonin, arise from the. Answer: fourth
pharyngeal pouch
◉ thyroid lymphoma commonly occurs in setting of. Answer:
hashimotos thyroiditis
◉ can't use fna to diagnose. Answer: follicular carcinoma
◉ hurthle cell carcinoma. Answer: subtype of follicular
composed of hurthele cells - large eosinophilic epithelial cells
only slightly worse prognosis than follicular carcinoma
◉ cancers associated with psammoma bodies. Answer: PSaMMoma
,papillary of thyroid
serous cystadeocarcinoma of ovary
meningioma
mesothelioma
◉ which thyroid nodules should undergo biopsy. Answer: > 1 cm in
size
internal microcalcifications
hx of growth
◉ management of fna of undetermined significance?. Answer: repeat
fna
◉ treatment of follicular cancre. Answer: total thyroidectomy - not
just lobectomy
can do lobectomies for small papillary cancers < 1 cm
◉ all patients with medullary thyroid cancer > 1 cm. Answer: should
undergo intial central neck dissection
, lateral neck dissection - performed when palpable ot
sonographically abnormal lymph nodes found in lateral
compartment
◉ which thyroid cancers concentrate radioactive iodine. Answer:
most papillary, follicular
only minority of hurthle, medullary doesn't
◉ postop management of thyroid cancer?. Answer: RAI
suppressive thyroxine therapy - to decrease TSH
◉ how to measure recurrence of thyroid cancer. Answer:
thyroglobulin - should be removed with total thyroidectomy
◉ what are the major structures that can be injured during
thyroidectomy. Answer: recurrent laryngeal
external branch of superior laryngeal
parathyroid glands
◉ recurrent laryngeal innervates. Answer: all the muscles of the
larynx except the cricothyroid
