TNCC FINAL PAPER 2026 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉Does hypoventilation cause dilation or constriction? Increase or
decrease ICP? Answer: Dilation and increase in ICP due to high CO2
◉Hyperventilation cause dilation or constriction? Answer:
Constriction d/t low CO2
◉Pupils with pressure on cranial nerve Answer: Fixed and dilated
◉Pupils with opiates vs stimulants Answer: small; large
◉Pupils with anticholinergics such as atropine, ipratropium, and
scopolamine Answer: large
◉Sluggish reaction of pupils is an early sign of what? Answer:
Increasing ICP
◉Glasgow Coma Score with Mild, Moderate, and Severe TBI Answer:
Mild = 13-15
, Moderate = 9-12
Severe = 3-8
◉Goal value for ICP Answer: <15
◉Goal value for Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) Answer: >60
◉Le Fort Fracture Answer: Fracture of the maxilla
◉What decrease ICP by decreasing cellular edema? Answer:
Osmotic diuretics (such as 3% saline and mannitol)
◉Becks Triad is a sign of what? And includes what three symptoms?
Answer: Cardiac Tamponade;
1. Hypotension
2. JVD
3. Muffled heart sounds
◉What is pulsus paradoxus? And what is it a sign of? Answer: Drop
in blood pressure with inspiration, sign of cardiac tamponade
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉Does hypoventilation cause dilation or constriction? Increase or
decrease ICP? Answer: Dilation and increase in ICP due to high CO2
◉Hyperventilation cause dilation or constriction? Answer:
Constriction d/t low CO2
◉Pupils with pressure on cranial nerve Answer: Fixed and dilated
◉Pupils with opiates vs stimulants Answer: small; large
◉Pupils with anticholinergics such as atropine, ipratropium, and
scopolamine Answer: large
◉Sluggish reaction of pupils is an early sign of what? Answer:
Increasing ICP
◉Glasgow Coma Score with Mild, Moderate, and Severe TBI Answer:
Mild = 13-15
, Moderate = 9-12
Severe = 3-8
◉Goal value for ICP Answer: <15
◉Goal value for Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP) Answer: >60
◉Le Fort Fracture Answer: Fracture of the maxilla
◉What decrease ICP by decreasing cellular edema? Answer:
Osmotic diuretics (such as 3% saline and mannitol)
◉Becks Triad is a sign of what? And includes what three symptoms?
Answer: Cardiac Tamponade;
1. Hypotension
2. JVD
3. Muffled heart sounds
◉What is pulsus paradoxus? And what is it a sign of? Answer: Drop
in blood pressure with inspiration, sign of cardiac tamponade
