Le Cordon Bleu Basic Pastry White Board UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Where did Creme Chantilly first appear? Creme Chantilly first appeared in Italy (in books from XVI, but was glorified when
served in the Chantilly Castle in 1671.
What is coagulation? The clumping of particles. Thickening of liquid when protein molecules crosslink.
In basic cream, the eggs proteins are mainly responsible for the coagulation.
What does the French word "sables" mean? "Sables" means "sandy", which is the term French bakers use when the English use
the term "breadcrumbs". The butter is rubbed together with the soft flour and the
sugar at the start of the recipe to make texture like breadcrumbs (or sand) before
adding egg. This will cause the flour to go partially waterproof and prevent too
much gluten strand formation during mixing.
What is fraser aka fraiser? rub grains of dough between two hands
The term "egg wash" is referring to a preparation that can assembly/sticking on shine/coloration
have 2 distinct purpose
When were sables invented? Sables were invented in Marquise of Sable 1670.
Soft flour (cake flour) is )______ in gluten ___%, and Strong Soft flour (cake flour) is low in gluten 7-9%, and Strong flour (bread flour) is 11.5-
flour (bread flour) is ____ % gluten 14% gluten
Butter consists of approximately... % Butter consists of approximately 82% fat, 16% water, and 2% protein (binding
agent)
Difference between baking powder and baking soda. Baking soda + cream of tartar = baking powder
, What is inverted sugar? a byproduct of sugar (saccharose-sucrose) that has been boiled with an acid to
separates the 2 simple sugars: glucose and fructose
Name three reasons for using inverted sugar? 1. Keep product moist longer
2. Reduce re-crystallization of sugar
3. Sweeter than saccharose (sucrose)
Where are financiers invented? Financiers are invented in the 19th century in Paris by a pastry chef near the stock
exchange. He wanted to create a dessert for traders to have a quick bite during
their break, the shape is meant to imitate a gold bar.
What is beurre noisette? Beurre noisette is Hazelnut is butter aka browned butter
What is the purpose of blind baking? Blind Baking: The purpose is to help the pie shell retain its shape.
Causes of Shrinking of tarts. (4 reasons) -Four with too high % gluten.
-Dough over worked.
-Dough not rested enough.
-Insufficient use of rice during blind baking.
Where was Tarte Bourdaloue invented? Tarte Bourdaloue was created by Chef Fasquelle around 1850 in his pastry shop
Rue Bourdaloue. Paris IXth.
What is a cartouche A cartouche is a parchment-paper lid that allows for some evaporation during
braising while keeping the meat (or other food) submerged. It's a French
technique that's also handy for poaching fruit and other long-simmering
applications, when you want just a bit of liquid to escape.
What is Creaming? Creaming, in this sense, is the technique of softening solid fat, like shortening or
butter, into a smooth mass and then blending it with other ingredients. The
technique is most often used in making buttercream, cake batter or cookie dough.
What does baking powder consist of? Baking powder: mixture of cream of tartar, baking soda, and cornstarch
What happens when liquid is added to baking powder? When liquid added, it produces CO2 which makes the batter rise. A fast-acid
reacts in a wet mixture with baking soda at room temperature and a slow acting
acid will not react until heated in the oven.
How many types of apples are there and how do you There are over 6,000 types of apples worldwide to choose from.
select it? Select in accordance with seasonal availability, sweetness, and juiciness. This will
vary depending on seasonal ripeness.
What is important to respect when making lemon Respect the ratio of meringue to curd to avoid too much sweetness.
meringue tart?
What is detrempe? Puff pastry/croissant dough
What does chausson aux pommes mean? And what is it? Apple slippers, made of an oval piece of puff pastry, folded in half, and filled with
apple compote.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Where did Creme Chantilly first appear? Creme Chantilly first appeared in Italy (in books from XVI, but was glorified when
served in the Chantilly Castle in 1671.
What is coagulation? The clumping of particles. Thickening of liquid when protein molecules crosslink.
In basic cream, the eggs proteins are mainly responsible for the coagulation.
What does the French word "sables" mean? "Sables" means "sandy", which is the term French bakers use when the English use
the term "breadcrumbs". The butter is rubbed together with the soft flour and the
sugar at the start of the recipe to make texture like breadcrumbs (or sand) before
adding egg. This will cause the flour to go partially waterproof and prevent too
much gluten strand formation during mixing.
What is fraser aka fraiser? rub grains of dough between two hands
The term "egg wash" is referring to a preparation that can assembly/sticking on shine/coloration
have 2 distinct purpose
When were sables invented? Sables were invented in Marquise of Sable 1670.
Soft flour (cake flour) is )______ in gluten ___%, and Strong Soft flour (cake flour) is low in gluten 7-9%, and Strong flour (bread flour) is 11.5-
flour (bread flour) is ____ % gluten 14% gluten
Butter consists of approximately... % Butter consists of approximately 82% fat, 16% water, and 2% protein (binding
agent)
Difference between baking powder and baking soda. Baking soda + cream of tartar = baking powder
, What is inverted sugar? a byproduct of sugar (saccharose-sucrose) that has been boiled with an acid to
separates the 2 simple sugars: glucose and fructose
Name three reasons for using inverted sugar? 1. Keep product moist longer
2. Reduce re-crystallization of sugar
3. Sweeter than saccharose (sucrose)
Where are financiers invented? Financiers are invented in the 19th century in Paris by a pastry chef near the stock
exchange. He wanted to create a dessert for traders to have a quick bite during
their break, the shape is meant to imitate a gold bar.
What is beurre noisette? Beurre noisette is Hazelnut is butter aka browned butter
What is the purpose of blind baking? Blind Baking: The purpose is to help the pie shell retain its shape.
Causes of Shrinking of tarts. (4 reasons) -Four with too high % gluten.
-Dough over worked.
-Dough not rested enough.
-Insufficient use of rice during blind baking.
Where was Tarte Bourdaloue invented? Tarte Bourdaloue was created by Chef Fasquelle around 1850 in his pastry shop
Rue Bourdaloue. Paris IXth.
What is a cartouche A cartouche is a parchment-paper lid that allows for some evaporation during
braising while keeping the meat (or other food) submerged. It's a French
technique that's also handy for poaching fruit and other long-simmering
applications, when you want just a bit of liquid to escape.
What is Creaming? Creaming, in this sense, is the technique of softening solid fat, like shortening or
butter, into a smooth mass and then blending it with other ingredients. The
technique is most often used in making buttercream, cake batter or cookie dough.
What does baking powder consist of? Baking powder: mixture of cream of tartar, baking soda, and cornstarch
What happens when liquid is added to baking powder? When liquid added, it produces CO2 which makes the batter rise. A fast-acid
reacts in a wet mixture with baking soda at room temperature and a slow acting
acid will not react until heated in the oven.
How many types of apples are there and how do you There are over 6,000 types of apples worldwide to choose from.
select it? Select in accordance with seasonal availability, sweetness, and juiciness. This will
vary depending on seasonal ripeness.
What is important to respect when making lemon Respect the ratio of meringue to curd to avoid too much sweetness.
meringue tart?
What is detrempe? Puff pastry/croissant dough
What does chausson aux pommes mean? And what is it? Apple slippers, made of an oval piece of puff pastry, folded in half, and filled with
apple compote.
