TEST BANK
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes an
vc vc vc vc vc
d Genomes
vc
KeyvcConcepts
• Inheritedvc traitsvcarevc affectedvcbyvcgenes.
• Genesv c arevc composedvc ofv c thev c chemicalv c deoxyribonucleicv c acidv c (DNA).
• DNAvcreplicatesvc tovc formv c (usuallyvc identical)v c copiesvc ofvc itself.
• DNAvccontainsvcavccodevcspecifyingvcwhatvctypesvcofvcenzymesvcandvcothervcproteinsvca
revcmadevcinvccells.
• DNAvcoccasionallyvcmutates,vc andvcthevcmutantvcformsvcspecifyvcalteredvcproteins.
• Avcmutantvcenzymevcisvcanvc"inbornvcerrorvcofvcmetabolism"vcthatvcblocksvconevcstepvc
invcavcbio-vcchemicalvcpathwayvcforvcthevcmetabolismvcofvcsmallvcmolecules.
• Traitsvcarevcaffectedvcbyvcenvironmentvcasvcwellvcasvcbyvcgenes.
• Organismsvcchangevcgeneticallyvcthroughvcgenerationsvcinvcthevcprocessvcofvcbiol
ogicalvcevolution.
• Becausevcofvctheirvccomm.onvcdescent,vcorganismsvcsharevcmanyvcfeaturesvcofvctheirvcgenetics
andvcbiochemistry.
KeyvcTerms
1. complementaryvcbasevcpairing
2. antiparallel
3. centralvcdogma
4. transcriv c tion
5. ribosome
6. transfervc RNAvc (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropicvceffectvcorvcpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Conceptsvcinvc Action
1.1. (a)vcfalse;vc(b)vctrue;vc(c)vctrue;vc(d)vcfalse.
1.2. Thevcimportancevcofvcthevcnucleusvcinvcinheritancevcwasvcimpliedvcbyvcitsvcprominencev
cinvcfer-
vctilization.vcThevcdiscoveryvcofvcchromosomesvcinsidevcthevcnucleus,vctheirvcbehaviorvc
duringvccellvcdivision,vcandvcthevcobservationvcthatvceachvcspeciesvchasvcavccharacteristi
cvcchromosomevcnumbervcmadevcitvclikelyvcthatvcchromosomesvcwerevcthevccarriersvcof
vcthevcgenes.vcMicro-
vcscopicvc studiesv c showedv c thatvc DNAvc andv c proteinsvc arevc bothvc presentvc invc chro
mosomes,vcbutvcwhereasvcnearlyvcallvccellsvcofvcavcgivenvcspeciesvccontainvcav c constant
vcamountvcofvcDNA,vcthevcamountvcandvckindsv c ofvcproteinsvcdiffervcgreatlyvcinvcdiffer
entvccellvctypes.
ESSENTIAL GENETICS: A GENOMIC PERSPECTIVE 4TH EDITION
Elizabeth W. Jones & Daniel L. Hartl
,Study Guide and Solutions Manual to accompany
s
A GENOMICS PERSPECTIVE
Fourth Edition
Daniel L. Hartl and Elizabeth W. Jones
Prepared by Elena R. Lozovsky
JONES AND BARTLETT PUBLISHERS
Sudbury, Massachusetts
BOSTON TORONTO LONDON SINGAPORE
,Contents
1 The Genetic Code of Genes and Genomes 1
2 Transmission Genetics: Heritage from Mendel 4
3 The Chromosomal Basis of Heredity......................• ............................. 9
4 Gene Linkage and Genetic Mapping.......................·.· ........................13
5 Human Chromosomes and Chromosome Behavior 18
6 DNA Structure, Replication, and Manipulation 22
7 The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses 26
8 The Molecular Genetics of Gene Expression 30
9 Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Regulation 34
10 Genomics, Proteomics, and Genetic Engineering .............................. 38
11 The Genetic Control of Development 42
12 Molecular Mechanisms of Mutation and DNA Repair 45
13 Molecular Genetics of the Cell Cycle and cancer 48
14 Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics ...............•..................52
15 The Genetic Basis of Complex Inheritance 55
Appendix: Answers 58
V
, The Genetic Code of Genes an
vc vc vc vc vc
d Genomes
vc
KeyvcConcepts
• Inheritedvc traitsvcarevc affectedvcbyvcgenes.
• Genesv c arevc composedvc ofv c thev c chemicalv c deoxyribonucleicv c acidv c (DNA).
• DNAvcreplicatesvc tovc formv c (usuallyvc identical)v c copiesvc ofvc itself.
• DNAvccontainsvcavccodevcspecifyingvcwhatvctypesvcofvcenzymesvcandvcothervcproteinsvca
revcmadevcinvccells.
• DNAvcoccasionallyvcmutates,vc andvcthevcmutantvcformsvcspecifyvcalteredvcproteins.
• Avcmutantvcenzymevcisvcanvc"inbornvcerrorvcofvcmetabolism"vcthatvcblocksvconevcstepvc
invcavcbio-vcchemicalvcpathwayvcforvcthevcmetabolismvcofvcsmallvcmolecules.
• Traitsvcarevcaffectedvcbyvcenvironmentvcasvcwellvcasvcbyvcgenes.
• Organismsvcchangevcgeneticallyvcthroughvcgenerationsvcinvcthevcprocessvcofvcbiol
ogicalvcevolution.
• Becausevcofvctheirvccomm.onvcdescent,vcorganismsvcsharevcmanyvcfeaturesvcofvctheirvcgenetics
andvcbiochemistry.
KeyvcTerms
1. complementaryvcbasevcpairing
2. antiparallel
3. centralvcdogma
4. transcriv c tion
5. ribosome
6. transfervc RNAvc (tRNA)
7. proteome
8. substrate
9. alkaptonuria
10. phenylketonuria
11. pleiotropicvceffectvcorvcpleiotropy
12. prokaryote
Conceptsvcinvc Action
1.1. (a)vcfalse;vc(b)vctrue;vc(c)vctrue;vc(d)vcfalse.
1.2. Thevcimportancevcofvcthevcnucleusvcinvcinheritancevcwasvcimpliedvcbyvcitsvcprominencev
cinvcfer-
vctilization.vcThevcdiscoveryvcofvcchromosomesvcinsidevcthevcnucleus,vctheirvcbehaviorvc
duringvccellvcdivision,vcandvcthevcobservationvcthatvceachvcspeciesvchasvcavccharacteristi
cvcchromosomevcnumbervcmadevcitvclikelyvcthatvcchromosomesvcwerevcthevccarriersvcof
vcthevcgenes.vcMicro-
vcscopicvc studiesv c showedv c thatvc DNAvc andv c proteinsvc arevc bothvc presentvc invc chro
mosomes,vcbutvcwhereasvcnearlyvcallvccellsvcofvcavcgivenvcspeciesvccontainvcav c constant
vcamountvcofvcDNA,vcthevcamountvcandvckindsv c ofvcproteinsvcdiffervcgreatlyvcinvcdiffer
entvccellvctypes.
