ATI RN Learning System Medical-Surgical Renal and
Urinary Practice Exam, Actual Questions And Answers
With Latest Versions Test2026
A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of renal calculi and reports
severe flank pain. Which of the following is the priority nursing action?
- Relieve the client's pain.
- Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
- Monitor the client's I&O.
- Strain the client's urine. - ANSWER: - Relieve the client's pain.
The nurse should apply the urgent versus non-urgent priority-setting framework
when caring for the client. Using this framework, the nurse should consider urgent
needs to be the priority because they pose a greater threat to the client. The nurse
might also need to use Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the ABC priority-setting
framework, or nursing knowledge to identify which finding is the most urgent. The
pain associated with renal calculi is severe and can lead to shock; therefore, this is
the priority action.
A nurse is teaching a client who is preoperative for a renal biopsy. Which of the
following statements should the nurse make?
- "You will be NPO for 8 hours following the procedure."
- "An allergy to shellfish is a contraindication to this procedure."
- "You will need to be on bed rest following the procedure."
- "A creatinine clearance is needed prior to the procedure." - ANSWER: - "You will
need to be on bed rest following the procedure."
A renal biopsy involves a tissue biopsy through needle insertion into the lower lobe
of the kidney. The client should maintain bed rest in a supine position with a back
roll for support for 2 to 24 hr following the procedure to reduce the risk for
bleeding. The nurse can elevate the head of the bed.
, A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a history of urinary tract infections
(UTIs). Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse the need for
additional teaching?
- "I will empty my bladder every 4 hours."
- "I will drink 2 liters of fluids per day."
- "I will use a vaginal douche daily."
- "I will wear cotton underwear." - ANSWER: - "I will use a vaginal douche daily."
The client should avoid vaginal douches, bubble baths, and any substances that can
increase the risk for UTIs. The client should use mild soap and water to wash the
perineal area.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching a client who has late-stage chronic kidney
disease (CKD). Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client
to increase in her diet?
- Calcium
- Phosphorous
- Potassium
- Sodium - ANSWER: - Calcium
A client who has CKD can develop hypocalcemia due to the reduced production of
active vitamin D, which is needed for calcium absorption. The client should
supplement dietary calcium.
A nurse is assessing a client who is 1 week postoperative following a living donor
kidney transplant. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that
the client is experiencing acute kidney rejection?
- Blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg
- Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
- Sodium 137 mg/dL
- Urinary output 100 mL/hr - ANSWER: - Blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg
Urinary Practice Exam, Actual Questions And Answers
With Latest Versions Test2026
A nurse is caring for a client who has a diagnosis of renal calculi and reports
severe flank pain. Which of the following is the priority nursing action?
- Relieve the client's pain.
- Encourage the client to increase fluid intake.
- Monitor the client's I&O.
- Strain the client's urine. - ANSWER: - Relieve the client's pain.
The nurse should apply the urgent versus non-urgent priority-setting framework
when caring for the client. Using this framework, the nurse should consider urgent
needs to be the priority because they pose a greater threat to the client. The nurse
might also need to use Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the ABC priority-setting
framework, or nursing knowledge to identify which finding is the most urgent. The
pain associated with renal calculi is severe and can lead to shock; therefore, this is
the priority action.
A nurse is teaching a client who is preoperative for a renal biopsy. Which of the
following statements should the nurse make?
- "You will be NPO for 8 hours following the procedure."
- "An allergy to shellfish is a contraindication to this procedure."
- "You will need to be on bed rest following the procedure."
- "A creatinine clearance is needed prior to the procedure." - ANSWER: - "You will
need to be on bed rest following the procedure."
A renal biopsy involves a tissue biopsy through needle insertion into the lower lobe
of the kidney. The client should maintain bed rest in a supine position with a back
roll for support for 2 to 24 hr following the procedure to reduce the risk for
bleeding. The nurse can elevate the head of the bed.
, A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a history of urinary tract infections
(UTIs). Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse the need for
additional teaching?
- "I will empty my bladder every 4 hours."
- "I will drink 2 liters of fluids per day."
- "I will use a vaginal douche daily."
- "I will wear cotton underwear." - ANSWER: - "I will use a vaginal douche daily."
The client should avoid vaginal douches, bubble baths, and any substances that can
increase the risk for UTIs. The client should use mild soap and water to wash the
perineal area.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching a client who has late-stage chronic kidney
disease (CKD). Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client
to increase in her diet?
- Calcium
- Phosphorous
- Potassium
- Sodium - ANSWER: - Calcium
A client who has CKD can develop hypocalcemia due to the reduced production of
active vitamin D, which is needed for calcium absorption. The client should
supplement dietary calcium.
A nurse is assessing a client who is 1 week postoperative following a living donor
kidney transplant. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that
the client is experiencing acute kidney rejection?
- Blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg
- Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
- Sodium 137 mg/dL
- Urinary output 100 mL/hr - ANSWER: - Blood pressure 160/90 mm Hg
