WONGS NURSING CARE OF INFANTS AND
CHILDREN FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026 TESTED
ITEMS SOLVED
◉ Because of their striving for independence and productivity,
which age group of children is particularly vulnerable to events that
may lessen their feeling of control and power?
a. Infants
b. Toddlers
c. Preschoolers
d. School-age children. Answer: ANS: D
When a child is hospitalized, the altered family role, physical
disability, loss of peer acceptance, lack of productivity, and inability
to cope with stress usurp individual power and identity. This is
especially detrimental to school-age children, who are striving for
independence and productivity and are now experiencing events
that decrease their control and power. Infants, toddlers, and
preschoolers, although affected by loss of power, are not as
significantly affected as school-age children.
◉ Cognitive development influences response to pain. What age
group is most concerned with the fear of losing control during a
painful experience?
,a. Toddlers
b. Preschoolers
c. School-age children
d. Adolescents. Answer: ANS: D
Adolescents view illness as physiologic (an organ malfunction) as
psychophysiologic (psychologic factors that affect health).
Adolescents usually approach pain with self-control. They are
concerned with remaining composed and feel embarrassed or
ashamed of losing control. Toddlers and preschoolers react to pain
primarily as a physical, concrete experience. Preschoolers may try to
escape a procedure with verbal statements such as go away. Young
school-age children may view pain as punishment for wrongdoing.
They age group fears bodily harm.
◉ A child, age 4 years, tells the nurse that she "needs a Band-Aid"
where she had an injection. Which of the following is the best
nursing action?
a. Apply a Band-Aid.
b. Ask her why she wants a Band-Aid.
c. Explain why a Band-Aid is not needed.
d. Show her that the bleeding has already stopped.. Answer: ANS: A
, Children in this age group still fear that their insides may leak out at
the injection site. The nurse should be prepared to apply a small
Band-Aid after the injection. No explanation should be required.
◉ The psychosexual conflicts of preschool children make them
extremely vulnerable to which threat?
a. Loss of control
b. Loss of identity
c. Separation anxiety
d. Bodily injury and pain. Answer: ANS: D
The psychosexual conflicts of children in this age group make them
vulnerable to threats of bodily injury. Intrusive procedures, whether
painful or painless, are threatening to preschoolers, whose concepts
of body integrity is still poorly developed. Loss of control, loss of
identity, and separation anxiety are not related to psychosexual
conflicts.
◉ A spinal tap must be done on a 9-year-old boy. While he is waiting
in the treatment room, the nurse observes that he seems composed.
When the nurse asks him if he wants his mother to stay with him, he
says, "I am fine." How should the nurse interpret this situation?
a. The child is unusually brave.
b. He has learned that support does not help.
CHILDREN FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026 TESTED
ITEMS SOLVED
◉ Because of their striving for independence and productivity,
which age group of children is particularly vulnerable to events that
may lessen their feeling of control and power?
a. Infants
b. Toddlers
c. Preschoolers
d. School-age children. Answer: ANS: D
When a child is hospitalized, the altered family role, physical
disability, loss of peer acceptance, lack of productivity, and inability
to cope with stress usurp individual power and identity. This is
especially detrimental to school-age children, who are striving for
independence and productivity and are now experiencing events
that decrease their control and power. Infants, toddlers, and
preschoolers, although affected by loss of power, are not as
significantly affected as school-age children.
◉ Cognitive development influences response to pain. What age
group is most concerned with the fear of losing control during a
painful experience?
,a. Toddlers
b. Preschoolers
c. School-age children
d. Adolescents. Answer: ANS: D
Adolescents view illness as physiologic (an organ malfunction) as
psychophysiologic (psychologic factors that affect health).
Adolescents usually approach pain with self-control. They are
concerned with remaining composed and feel embarrassed or
ashamed of losing control. Toddlers and preschoolers react to pain
primarily as a physical, concrete experience. Preschoolers may try to
escape a procedure with verbal statements such as go away. Young
school-age children may view pain as punishment for wrongdoing.
They age group fears bodily harm.
◉ A child, age 4 years, tells the nurse that she "needs a Band-Aid"
where she had an injection. Which of the following is the best
nursing action?
a. Apply a Band-Aid.
b. Ask her why she wants a Band-Aid.
c. Explain why a Band-Aid is not needed.
d. Show her that the bleeding has already stopped.. Answer: ANS: A
, Children in this age group still fear that their insides may leak out at
the injection site. The nurse should be prepared to apply a small
Band-Aid after the injection. No explanation should be required.
◉ The psychosexual conflicts of preschool children make them
extremely vulnerable to which threat?
a. Loss of control
b. Loss of identity
c. Separation anxiety
d. Bodily injury and pain. Answer: ANS: D
The psychosexual conflicts of children in this age group make them
vulnerable to threats of bodily injury. Intrusive procedures, whether
painful or painless, are threatening to preschoolers, whose concepts
of body integrity is still poorly developed. Loss of control, loss of
identity, and separation anxiety are not related to psychosexual
conflicts.
◉ A spinal tap must be done on a 9-year-old boy. While he is waiting
in the treatment room, the nurse observes that he seems composed.
When the nurse asks him if he wants his mother to stay with him, he
says, "I am fine." How should the nurse interpret this situation?
a. The child is unusually brave.
b. He has learned that support does not help.
