2026 ATI RN Pediatrics Proctored Exam New Latest
Version with All 150 Questions, 100% Correct
Answers and Rationale
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which of the following gross
motor skills should the nurse expect the child to have achieved?
a) Kicking a ball forward
b) Pedaling a tricycle
c) Hopping on one foot
d) Skipping smoothly
Correct Answer: a) Kicking a ball forward
Rationale: A 2-year-old can typically kick a ball forward, run, and walk up and down stairs with
assistance. Pedaling a tricycle occurs around 3 years, hopping on one foot around 4 years, and
skipping around 5 years .
Question 2
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a 10-month-old infant who has
phenylketonuria (PKU). Which of the following responses by the parent indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
a) "My daughter can't drink orange juice."
b) "I will steam carrots and cut them into small pieces for her."
c) "I should ensure that my daughter eats one ounce of meat every day."
d) "I will switch her to whole milk now that she is old enough."
Correct Answer: b) "I will steam carrots and cut them into small pieces for her."
Rationale: Infants with PKU require a diet low in phenylalanine. Fruits and vegetables are
naturally low in protein and safe. Orange juice, meat, and milk contain phenylalanine and must
be carefully monitored or avoided .
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is 1 hour postoperative following a tonsillectomy.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
a) Administer an analgesic to the child on a scheduled basis.
b) Observe the child for frequent swallowing.
c) Provide cranberry juice to the child.
d) Maintain the child in a supine position.
e) Discourage the child from coughing.
Correct Answer: a, b, e
Rationale: Scheduled analgesics help manage pain. Frequent swallowing indicates bleeding.
Coughing, throat clearing, and nose blowing should be discouraged to prevent hemorrhage. The
child should be positioned on the side or abdomen to drain secretions. Clear, cool, non-acidic
fluids are encouraged .
Question 4
A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child's growth during a routine checkup. The child's height is at
the 10th percentile and weight at the 5th percentile. What is the RN's best action?
a) Refer to a dietitian for nutritional counseling
,b) Reassure the parent that the child is within normal limits
c) Order laboratory tests for thyroid function
d) Recommend immediate hospitalization
Correct Answer: b) Reassure the parent that the child is within normal limits
Rationale: ATI emphasizes using growth charts for assessment; percentiles between 5th and
95th are normal, even if disproportionate, as long as the child follows their curve. Referral is for
<5th or >95th with concerns .
Question 5
A nurse is planning health promotion activities for a 2-month-old infant during a well-child visit.
Which intervention is most appropriate?
a) Administer the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine
b) Teach the parent about the importance of fluoride supplementation
c) Schedule the first dental visit
d) Introduce solid foods into the diet
Correct Answer: a) Administer the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine
Rationale: According to ATI guidelines and AAP recommendations, the first dose of the
hepatitis B vaccine is administered at birth or within the first 2 months. Fluoride starts at 6
months, dental visits at 12 months, and solids at 6 months .
Question 6
A nurse is teaching a parent of a 6-month-old about injury prevention. Which statement by the
parent indicates understanding?
a) "I will place the baby in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat."
b) "I will use a front-facing car seat once the baby is 20 pounds."
c) "I will let the baby sleep with a bottle in the crib."
d) "I will introduce honey at 6 months for soothing."
Correct Answer: a) "I will place the baby in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat."
Rationale: ATI safety guidelines align with AAP: Rear-facing until at least 2 years or max
weight/height; back seat to avoid airbag injury. Front-facing too early risks injury; bottle in crib
increases SIDS risk; honey before 12 months poses botulism risk .
Question 7
A nurse is providing education about dietary modifications to the parent of a school-age child
who has glomerulonephritis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the
teaching?
a) Increase the child's calcium intake
b) Decrease the child's sodium intake
c) Increase the child's intake of carbohydrates
d) Decrease the child's fat intake
Correct Answer: b) Decrease the child's sodium intake
Rationale: In glomerulonephritis, sodium restriction helps manage edema and hypertension by
reducing fluid retention .
Question 8
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a school-age child newly diagnosed with a seizure
disorder. The nurse should teach the parents to take which of the following actions during a
seizure?
a) Minimize movement of the limbs
b) Insert a tongue blade between the teeth
,c) Clear the area of hard objects
d) Place the child in a prone position
Correct Answer: c) Clear the area of hard objects
Rationale: During a seizure, the priority is to protect the child from injury by clearing the area of
hard objects. Nothing should be placed in the mouth, limb movement should not be restrained,
and the child should be positioned on the side .
Question 9
A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
findings is the nurse's priority?
a) HbA1C 11.5%
b) Cholesterol 189 mg/dL
c) Preprandial blood glucose 124 mg/dL
d) Glycosuria
Correct Answer: a) HbA1C 11.5%
Rationale: An HbA1C of 11.5% indicates poor glycemic control over several months, placing
the adolescent at high risk for complications. This is the priority finding requiring immediate
intervention .
Question 10
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a toddler who has hemolytic uremic syndrome.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
a) Creatinine 0.3 mg/dL
b) Hgb 18 g/dL
c) Urine casts absent
d) BUN 28 mg/dL
Correct Answer: d) BUN 28 mg/dL
Rationale: Hemolytic uremic syndrome causes acute kidney injury, leading to elevated BUN
and creatinine. Anemia (low Hgb) and urinary casts are also expected .
Question 11
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
a) Administer furosemide IV twice per day
b) Apply cold compresses to painful joints
c) Restrict oral and IV fluids to decrease cerebral edema
d) Provide supplemental oxygen
Correct Answer: d) Provide supplemental oxygen
Rationale: In sickle cell crisis, oxygenation helps reduce sickling and tissue ischemia. Hydration
(not restriction) is essential, and warmth (not cold) promotes comfort .
Question 12
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should the nurse
report to the provider?
a) The infant is unable to sit without support
b) The infant is unable to roll from back to abdomen
c) The infant is unable to pull to a standing position
d) The infant is unable to transfer objects from one hand to the other
Correct Answer: c) The infant is unable to pull to a standing position
Rationale: Pulling to stand typically occurs around 9 months. At 6 months, infants should sit
, with support, roll, and transfer objects. Absence of pulling to stand is not concerning at this age .
Question 13
A nurse is teaching a parent about safe sleep for a newborn. Which position is recommended?
a) Prone
b) Supine
c) Side-lying
d) Upright
Correct Answer: b) Supine
Rationale: ATI/AAP Safe Sleep guidelines recommend placing infants on their backs (supine)
to reduce the risk of SIDS by up to 50% .
Question 14
A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child with a fever. What finding requires immediate
intervention?
a) Temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F)
b) Lethargy and rash
c) Mild irritability
d) Decreased appetite
Correct Answer: b) Lethargy and rash
Rationale: Lethargy and rash may indicate a serious condition like meningitis or sepsis,
requiring immediate attention .
Question 15
A nurse is administering acetaminophen to a 3-year-old. The dose is 15 mg/kg every 4-6 hours.
The child weighs 14 kg. How much should the nurse administer?
a) 140 mg
b) 210 mg
c) 280 mg
d) 300 mg
Correct Answer: b) 210 mg
Rationale: 15 mg/kg × 14 kg = 210 mg per dose .
Question 16
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has a new diagnosis of pyloric stenosis. Which of
the following findings should the nurse expect?
a) Projectile vomiting after feedings
b) Bile-colored emesis
c) Constipation
d) Currant-jelly stools
Correct Answer: a) Projectile vomiting after feedings
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis causes projectile, non-bilious vomiting immediately after feedings
due to hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter. Bile-colored emesis suggests intestinal obstruction,
and currant-jelly stools indicate intussusception .
Question 17
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a preschool-age child who has celiac disease.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
a) "Your child will be on a gluten-free diet for the rest of her life."
b) "Your child will need to follow a low-protein diet temporarily."
c) "You should place your child on a high-fiber diet when she has an exacerbation."
Version with All 150 Questions, 100% Correct
Answers and Rationale
Question 1
A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child during a well-child visit. Which of the following gross
motor skills should the nurse expect the child to have achieved?
a) Kicking a ball forward
b) Pedaling a tricycle
c) Hopping on one foot
d) Skipping smoothly
Correct Answer: a) Kicking a ball forward
Rationale: A 2-year-old can typically kick a ball forward, run, and walk up and down stairs with
assistance. Pedaling a tricycle occurs around 3 years, hopping on one foot around 4 years, and
skipping around 5 years .
Question 2
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to the parent of a 10-month-old infant who has
phenylketonuria (PKU). Which of the following responses by the parent indicates an
understanding of the teaching?
a) "My daughter can't drink orange juice."
b) "I will steam carrots and cut them into small pieces for her."
c) "I should ensure that my daughter eats one ounce of meat every day."
d) "I will switch her to whole milk now that she is old enough."
Correct Answer: b) "I will steam carrots and cut them into small pieces for her."
Rationale: Infants with PKU require a diet low in phenylalanine. Fruits and vegetables are
naturally low in protein and safe. Orange juice, meat, and milk contain phenylalanine and must
be carefully monitored or avoided .
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is 1 hour postoperative following a tonsillectomy.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply)
a) Administer an analgesic to the child on a scheduled basis.
b) Observe the child for frequent swallowing.
c) Provide cranberry juice to the child.
d) Maintain the child in a supine position.
e) Discourage the child from coughing.
Correct Answer: a, b, e
Rationale: Scheduled analgesics help manage pain. Frequent swallowing indicates bleeding.
Coughing, throat clearing, and nose blowing should be discouraged to prevent hemorrhage. The
child should be positioned on the side or abdomen to drain secretions. Clear, cool, non-acidic
fluids are encouraged .
Question 4
A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child's growth during a routine checkup. The child's height is at
the 10th percentile and weight at the 5th percentile. What is the RN's best action?
a) Refer to a dietitian for nutritional counseling
,b) Reassure the parent that the child is within normal limits
c) Order laboratory tests for thyroid function
d) Recommend immediate hospitalization
Correct Answer: b) Reassure the parent that the child is within normal limits
Rationale: ATI emphasizes using growth charts for assessment; percentiles between 5th and
95th are normal, even if disproportionate, as long as the child follows their curve. Referral is for
<5th or >95th with concerns .
Question 5
A nurse is planning health promotion activities for a 2-month-old infant during a well-child visit.
Which intervention is most appropriate?
a) Administer the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine
b) Teach the parent about the importance of fluoride supplementation
c) Schedule the first dental visit
d) Introduce solid foods into the diet
Correct Answer: a) Administer the first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine
Rationale: According to ATI guidelines and AAP recommendations, the first dose of the
hepatitis B vaccine is administered at birth or within the first 2 months. Fluoride starts at 6
months, dental visits at 12 months, and solids at 6 months .
Question 6
A nurse is teaching a parent of a 6-month-old about injury prevention. Which statement by the
parent indicates understanding?
a) "I will place the baby in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat."
b) "I will use a front-facing car seat once the baby is 20 pounds."
c) "I will let the baby sleep with a bottle in the crib."
d) "I will introduce honey at 6 months for soothing."
Correct Answer: a) "I will place the baby in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat."
Rationale: ATI safety guidelines align with AAP: Rear-facing until at least 2 years or max
weight/height; back seat to avoid airbag injury. Front-facing too early risks injury; bottle in crib
increases SIDS risk; honey before 12 months poses botulism risk .
Question 7
A nurse is providing education about dietary modifications to the parent of a school-age child
who has glomerulonephritis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the
teaching?
a) Increase the child's calcium intake
b) Decrease the child's sodium intake
c) Increase the child's intake of carbohydrates
d) Decrease the child's fat intake
Correct Answer: b) Decrease the child's sodium intake
Rationale: In glomerulonephritis, sodium restriction helps manage edema and hypertension by
reducing fluid retention .
Question 8
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a school-age child newly diagnosed with a seizure
disorder. The nurse should teach the parents to take which of the following actions during a
seizure?
a) Minimize movement of the limbs
b) Insert a tongue blade between the teeth
,c) Clear the area of hard objects
d) Place the child in a prone position
Correct Answer: c) Clear the area of hard objects
Rationale: During a seizure, the priority is to protect the child from injury by clearing the area of
hard objects. Nothing should be placed in the mouth, limb movement should not be restrained,
and the child should be positioned on the side .
Question 9
A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following
findings is the nurse's priority?
a) HbA1C 11.5%
b) Cholesterol 189 mg/dL
c) Preprandial blood glucose 124 mg/dL
d) Glycosuria
Correct Answer: a) HbA1C 11.5%
Rationale: An HbA1C of 11.5% indicates poor glycemic control over several months, placing
the adolescent at high risk for complications. This is the priority finding requiring immediate
intervention .
Question 10
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a toddler who has hemolytic uremic syndrome.
Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
a) Creatinine 0.3 mg/dL
b) Hgb 18 g/dL
c) Urine casts absent
d) BUN 28 mg/dL
Correct Answer: d) BUN 28 mg/dL
Rationale: Hemolytic uremic syndrome causes acute kidney injury, leading to elevated BUN
and creatinine. Anemia (low Hgb) and urinary casts are also expected .
Question 11
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who is experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take?
a) Administer furosemide IV twice per day
b) Apply cold compresses to painful joints
c) Restrict oral and IV fluids to decrease cerebral edema
d) Provide supplemental oxygen
Correct Answer: d) Provide supplemental oxygen
Rationale: In sickle cell crisis, oxygenation helps reduce sickling and tissue ischemia. Hydration
(not restriction) is essential, and warmth (not cold) promotes comfort .
Question 12
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which of the following findings should the nurse
report to the provider?
a) The infant is unable to sit without support
b) The infant is unable to roll from back to abdomen
c) The infant is unable to pull to a standing position
d) The infant is unable to transfer objects from one hand to the other
Correct Answer: c) The infant is unable to pull to a standing position
Rationale: Pulling to stand typically occurs around 9 months. At 6 months, infants should sit
, with support, roll, and transfer objects. Absence of pulling to stand is not concerning at this age .
Question 13
A nurse is teaching a parent about safe sleep for a newborn. Which position is recommended?
a) Prone
b) Supine
c) Side-lying
d) Upright
Correct Answer: b) Supine
Rationale: ATI/AAP Safe Sleep guidelines recommend placing infants on their backs (supine)
to reduce the risk of SIDS by up to 50% .
Question 14
A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child with a fever. What finding requires immediate
intervention?
a) Temperature of 38.5°C (101.3°F)
b) Lethargy and rash
c) Mild irritability
d) Decreased appetite
Correct Answer: b) Lethargy and rash
Rationale: Lethargy and rash may indicate a serious condition like meningitis or sepsis,
requiring immediate attention .
Question 15
A nurse is administering acetaminophen to a 3-year-old. The dose is 15 mg/kg every 4-6 hours.
The child weighs 14 kg. How much should the nurse administer?
a) 140 mg
b) 210 mg
c) 280 mg
d) 300 mg
Correct Answer: b) 210 mg
Rationale: 15 mg/kg × 14 kg = 210 mg per dose .
Question 16
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has a new diagnosis of pyloric stenosis. Which of
the following findings should the nurse expect?
a) Projectile vomiting after feedings
b) Bile-colored emesis
c) Constipation
d) Currant-jelly stools
Correct Answer: a) Projectile vomiting after feedings
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis causes projectile, non-bilious vomiting immediately after feedings
due to hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter. Bile-colored emesis suggests intestinal obstruction,
and currant-jelly stools indicate intussusception .
Question 17
A nurse is providing teaching to the parent of a preschool-age child who has celiac disease.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
a) "Your child will be on a gluten-free diet for the rest of her life."
b) "Your child will need to follow a low-protein diet temporarily."
c) "You should place your child on a high-fiber diet when she has an exacerbation."
