1
TEST BANK Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist
8th Edition by Olga A. C. Ibsen & Scott
Peters Questions and Answers with Explanations 2026.
Complete Test Bank, All Chapters Included.
,2
Chapter 01: Introduction to Preliminary Diagnosis of Oral Lesions
Ibsen: Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE
CHOICE
1. This bony hard structure in the midline of the hard palate is genetic in origin
and inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. The diagnosis is made
through clinical appearance. Which condition is suspected?
a. Palatal cyst
b. Torus palatinus
c. Mixed tumor
d. Ranula
ANSWER>>B
A torus palatinus is developmental and bony hard and is found on the midline of
the palate. Diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical appearance. A palatal cyst
appears radiolucent on a radiographic examination and is not diagnosed through
clinical appearance. A mixed tumor or pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor
of salivary gland origin, found unilaterally off the midline of the hard palate. It
is composed of tumor tissue that is not bony hard to palpation.
Ranula is a term used for a mucocele-like lesion that forms unilaterally on the
floor of the mouth.
REF: Torus Palatinus, page 21 OBJ: 4
2. The gray-white opalescent film seen on the buccal mucosa of 85% of black
adults is a variant of normal that requires no treatment and is termed
a. linea alba.
b. leukoedema.
c. leukoplakia.
d. white sponge nevus.
ANSWER>>B
Leukoedema is a diffuse opalescence most commonly seen on the buccal mucosa in
black
individuals. Linea alba is a “white line” that extends anteroposteriorly on the
buccal mucosa along the occlusal plane. It is most prominent in patients who
have a clenching or grinding habit. Leukoplakia is a clinical term for a white
lesion, the cause of which is unknown. White sponge nevus is a genetic
(autosomal dominant) trait. Clinically, it is characterized by a soft white, folded
(or corrugated) oral mucosa. A thick layer of keratin produces the whitening.
REF: Leukoedema, page 23 OBJ: 8
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3. Which condition most likely responds to therapeutic diagnosis?
a. Angular cheilitis
b. Amelogenesis imperfecta
c. Paget disease
d. Stafne bone cyst
ANSWER>>A
Angular cheilitis most commonly responds to antifungal therapy once
nutritional deficiencies have been ruled out. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a
genetic condition associated with abnormal development of the enamel. Paget
disease is a chronic metabolic bone disease. A highly elevated serum alkaline
phosphatase level contributes significantly to the diagnosis. A Stafne bone cyst
is determined through surgical diagnosis in which entrapped salivary gland
tissue is identified.
REF: Therapeutic Diagnosis, page 18 OBJ: 3
4. The gingival enlargement in this patient was caused by a calcium channel
blocker. Which medication is the likely cause?
a. Dilantin
b. Nifedipine
c. Quinidine
d. Clozapine
ANSWER>>B
Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker. Dilantin is an anticonvulsant used to
prevent or control seizures. Quinidine is an antiarrhythmic agent used to treat
cardiac arrhythmias. Clozapine is an antipsychotic used in the management of
psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia.
REF: Historical Diagnosis, Fig. 1.38, page 17 OBJ: 3
5. Radiographic features, including cotton-wool radiopacities and
hypercementosis, are especially helpful in the diagnosis of
a. Paget disease.
b. dentinogenesis imperfecta.
c. anemia.
d. diabetes.
ANSWER>>A
Paget disease is a chronic metabolic bone disease. Radiographically, cotton-wool
radiopacities and hypercementosis are characteristic features. Dentinogenesis
imperfecta is a genetic condition involving a defect in the development of
dentin. Anemia, a decrease in red blood cells, requires blood tests to determine
the etiologic factors. Diabetes is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism
characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels.
REF: Laboratory Diagnosis, Fig. 1.40, pages 16, 18OBJ: 3
6. In internal resorption, the radiolucency seen on radiographic examination is usually
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a. well circumscribed.
b. diffuse.
c. multilocular.
d. unilocular.
ANSWER>>B
Diffuse borders are ill defined, making it impossible to detect the exact
parameters of the lesion. Therefore treatment is more difficult. Well
circumscribed describes borders that are specifically defined. Exact margins of
the lesion are identified. Multilocular has also been described as resembling
“soap bubbles”; lobes seem to fuse together to make up the lesion.
This term has been used to describe the odontogenic keratocyst. Unilocular means
having one compartment or unit that is well defined. This term is often used to
describe the radicular cyst.
REF: Vocabulary, Radiographic Terms Used to Describe Lesions
in Bone, page 5 OBJ: 1
7. Which condition is diagnosed through clinical appearance?
a. Fordyce granules
b. Unerupted mesiodens
c. Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia
d. Traumatic bone cyst
ANSWER>>A
Fordyce granules are diagnosed on the basis of their clinical appearance. They
are ectopic sebaceous glands seen on the lips and buccal mucosa. Clinically,
they appear as yellow lobules in clusters and are considered a variant of normal.
Unerupted mesiodens requires a radiographic image for diagnosis. Periapical
cemento-osseous dysplasia requires a radiographic image, specific patient
history, and a pulp test to evaluate tooth vitality.
Traumatic bone cyst requires a radiographic image and surgical intervention to
establish a diagnosis.
REF: Clinical Diagnosis, page 7 | Fordyce Granules, page 20 OBJ: 3
8. Retrocuspid papillae are located on the
a. palate.
b. floor of the mouth.
c. gingival margin of the lingual aspect of mandibular cuspids.
d. canine eminence.
ANSWER>>C
Retrocuspid papillae are located on the gingival margin of the lingual aspect of
mandibular cuspids. Retrocuspid papillae are not located on the palate.
Retrocuspid papillae are not located on the floor of the mouth. Retrocuspid
papillae are not located on the canine eminence.
REF: Retrocuspid Papilla, page 22 OBJ: 3
TEST BANK Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist
8th Edition by Olga A. C. Ibsen & Scott
Peters Questions and Answers with Explanations 2026.
Complete Test Bank, All Chapters Included.
,2
Chapter 01: Introduction to Preliminary Diagnosis of Oral Lesions
Ibsen: Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist, 8th Edition
MULTIPLE
CHOICE
1. This bony hard structure in the midline of the hard palate is genetic in origin
and inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. The diagnosis is made
through clinical appearance. Which condition is suspected?
a. Palatal cyst
b. Torus palatinus
c. Mixed tumor
d. Ranula
ANSWER>>B
A torus palatinus is developmental and bony hard and is found on the midline of
the palate. Diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical appearance. A palatal cyst
appears radiolucent on a radiographic examination and is not diagnosed through
clinical appearance. A mixed tumor or pleomorphic adenoma is a benign tumor
of salivary gland origin, found unilaterally off the midline of the hard palate. It
is composed of tumor tissue that is not bony hard to palpation.
Ranula is a term used for a mucocele-like lesion that forms unilaterally on the
floor of the mouth.
REF: Torus Palatinus, page 21 OBJ: 4
2. The gray-white opalescent film seen on the buccal mucosa of 85% of black
adults is a variant of normal that requires no treatment and is termed
a. linea alba.
b. leukoedema.
c. leukoplakia.
d. white sponge nevus.
ANSWER>>B
Leukoedema is a diffuse opalescence most commonly seen on the buccal mucosa in
black
individuals. Linea alba is a “white line” that extends anteroposteriorly on the
buccal mucosa along the occlusal plane. It is most prominent in patients who
have a clenching or grinding habit. Leukoplakia is a clinical term for a white
lesion, the cause of which is unknown. White sponge nevus is a genetic
(autosomal dominant) trait. Clinically, it is characterized by a soft white, folded
(or corrugated) oral mucosa. A thick layer of keratin produces the whitening.
REF: Leukoedema, page 23 OBJ: 8
,3
3. Which condition most likely responds to therapeutic diagnosis?
a. Angular cheilitis
b. Amelogenesis imperfecta
c. Paget disease
d. Stafne bone cyst
ANSWER>>A
Angular cheilitis most commonly responds to antifungal therapy once
nutritional deficiencies have been ruled out. Amelogenesis imperfecta is a
genetic condition associated with abnormal development of the enamel. Paget
disease is a chronic metabolic bone disease. A highly elevated serum alkaline
phosphatase level contributes significantly to the diagnosis. A Stafne bone cyst
is determined through surgical diagnosis in which entrapped salivary gland
tissue is identified.
REF: Therapeutic Diagnosis, page 18 OBJ: 3
4. The gingival enlargement in this patient was caused by a calcium channel
blocker. Which medication is the likely cause?
a. Dilantin
b. Nifedipine
c. Quinidine
d. Clozapine
ANSWER>>B
Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker. Dilantin is an anticonvulsant used to
prevent or control seizures. Quinidine is an antiarrhythmic agent used to treat
cardiac arrhythmias. Clozapine is an antipsychotic used in the management of
psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia.
REF: Historical Diagnosis, Fig. 1.38, page 17 OBJ: 3
5. Radiographic features, including cotton-wool radiopacities and
hypercementosis, are especially helpful in the diagnosis of
a. Paget disease.
b. dentinogenesis imperfecta.
c. anemia.
d. diabetes.
ANSWER>>A
Paget disease is a chronic metabolic bone disease. Radiographically, cotton-wool
radiopacities and hypercementosis are characteristic features. Dentinogenesis
imperfecta is a genetic condition involving a defect in the development of
dentin. Anemia, a decrease in red blood cells, requires blood tests to determine
the etiologic factors. Diabetes is a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism
characterized by abnormally high blood glucose levels.
REF: Laboratory Diagnosis, Fig. 1.40, pages 16, 18OBJ: 3
6. In internal resorption, the radiolucency seen on radiographic examination is usually
, 4
a. well circumscribed.
b. diffuse.
c. multilocular.
d. unilocular.
ANSWER>>B
Diffuse borders are ill defined, making it impossible to detect the exact
parameters of the lesion. Therefore treatment is more difficult. Well
circumscribed describes borders that are specifically defined. Exact margins of
the lesion are identified. Multilocular has also been described as resembling
“soap bubbles”; lobes seem to fuse together to make up the lesion.
This term has been used to describe the odontogenic keratocyst. Unilocular means
having one compartment or unit that is well defined. This term is often used to
describe the radicular cyst.
REF: Vocabulary, Radiographic Terms Used to Describe Lesions
in Bone, page 5 OBJ: 1
7. Which condition is diagnosed through clinical appearance?
a. Fordyce granules
b. Unerupted mesiodens
c. Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia
d. Traumatic bone cyst
ANSWER>>A
Fordyce granules are diagnosed on the basis of their clinical appearance. They
are ectopic sebaceous glands seen on the lips and buccal mucosa. Clinically,
they appear as yellow lobules in clusters and are considered a variant of normal.
Unerupted mesiodens requires a radiographic image for diagnosis. Periapical
cemento-osseous dysplasia requires a radiographic image, specific patient
history, and a pulp test to evaluate tooth vitality.
Traumatic bone cyst requires a radiographic image and surgical intervention to
establish a diagnosis.
REF: Clinical Diagnosis, page 7 | Fordyce Granules, page 20 OBJ: 3
8. Retrocuspid papillae are located on the
a. palate.
b. floor of the mouth.
c. gingival margin of the lingual aspect of mandibular cuspids.
d. canine eminence.
ANSWER>>C
Retrocuspid papillae are located on the gingival margin of the lingual aspect of
mandibular cuspids. Retrocuspid papillae are not located on the palate.
Retrocuspid papillae are not located on the floor of the mouth. Retrocuspid
papillae are not located on the canine eminence.
REF: Retrocuspid Papilla, page 22 OBJ: 3
