BSHS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH FULL SOLUTIONS,
GUARANTEED A+, UPDATED 2026
1. The Medical Care Spectrum
As your notes highlight, the medical system isn't a monolith. It functions
differently depending on the patient's stage of life:
Primary/Preventive Care: Focused on the "front end" (vaccinations,
screenings, wellness checks).
Tertiary/Specialized Care: High-intensity intervention for acute events
(like the heart attack example).
Hospice/Long-term Care: Focused on the "back end," prioritizing comfort
and maintenance of dignity rather than curative measures.
2. Social Interventions and the Environment
If a medical intervention is a "bandage," a social intervention is "fixing the floor so
people stop tripping."
Education: Higher education levels are statistically linked to better health
outcomes, lower smoking rates, and higher physical activity.
Policy: Examples include city planning for walkable neighborhoods or
taxing tobacco products.
Summary of Philosophies
Feature Market Justice Social Justice
Primary Goal Economic Efficiency Social Equity
How Care is Allotted By purchasing power By medical need
View of the Individual Responsible for own health Shared social responsibility
A Peer-to-Peer Insight on "Healthy People"
,Quick Update: While your notes focus on Healthy People 2020, it's worth noting
that Healthy People 2030 has officially launched! It continues the mission of
increasing "quality of life," but adds a much stronger emphasis on Health
Literacy—ensuring people don't just have access to information, but can actually
understand and use it to make decisions.
T/F The Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) moved focus away from
building primary care capacity toward implementing disease specific interventions
-ANSWER✔✔False
List the four health determinant categories -ANSWER✔✔Environment
Behavior & lifestyle
Heredity
Medical care
Which of the following has been the primary factor that has shielded the U.S.
health care system from a major overhaul? -ANSWER✔✔beliefs and values
In Preindustrial America, the destitute and disruptive elements of society were
confined in a(n) -ANSWER✔✔Almshouse
What was the role of a dispensary in preindustrial America? -ANSWER✔✔It
provided free outpatient services
What is voluntary health insurance? -ANSWER✔✔private health insurance
T/F Congress mandating that employers offer health insurance was a factor that led
to the rapid expansion of employer-based health insurance -ANSWER✔✔False
, T/F with regard to the legalities pertaining to the Affordable Care Act, the U.S.
Supreme Court decided that federal subsidies were to be made available only to
those who purchased health insurance through an exchange established by a state -
ANSWER✔✔False
T/F In preindustrial America, even untrained people could practice medicine -
ANSWER✔✔True
T/F Medicaid is a government-based program intended to cover the eligible poor,
determined by income level -ANSWER✔✔True
In postindustrial America, informal alliances between physicians and hospitals
were outlawed -ANSWER✔✔False
A job description for a physician would be to: -ANSWER✔✔Determine the
significance of a patients health condition
A specialist must -ANSWER✔✔Gain certification in an area of medical
specialization
Studies have shown that NPP (nonphysician practitioners) services can: -
ANSWER✔✔Improve access to primary care
Health service administrators: -ANSWER✔✔are responsible for operational,
clinical, and financial outcomes of the entire organization.
ANSWERS WITH FULL SOLUTIONS,
GUARANTEED A+, UPDATED 2026
1. The Medical Care Spectrum
As your notes highlight, the medical system isn't a monolith. It functions
differently depending on the patient's stage of life:
Primary/Preventive Care: Focused on the "front end" (vaccinations,
screenings, wellness checks).
Tertiary/Specialized Care: High-intensity intervention for acute events
(like the heart attack example).
Hospice/Long-term Care: Focused on the "back end," prioritizing comfort
and maintenance of dignity rather than curative measures.
2. Social Interventions and the Environment
If a medical intervention is a "bandage," a social intervention is "fixing the floor so
people stop tripping."
Education: Higher education levels are statistically linked to better health
outcomes, lower smoking rates, and higher physical activity.
Policy: Examples include city planning for walkable neighborhoods or
taxing tobacco products.
Summary of Philosophies
Feature Market Justice Social Justice
Primary Goal Economic Efficiency Social Equity
How Care is Allotted By purchasing power By medical need
View of the Individual Responsible for own health Shared social responsibility
A Peer-to-Peer Insight on "Healthy People"
,Quick Update: While your notes focus on Healthy People 2020, it's worth noting
that Healthy People 2030 has officially launched! It continues the mission of
increasing "quality of life," but adds a much stronger emphasis on Health
Literacy—ensuring people don't just have access to information, but can actually
understand and use it to make decisions.
T/F The Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) moved focus away from
building primary care capacity toward implementing disease specific interventions
-ANSWER✔✔False
List the four health determinant categories -ANSWER✔✔Environment
Behavior & lifestyle
Heredity
Medical care
Which of the following has been the primary factor that has shielded the U.S.
health care system from a major overhaul? -ANSWER✔✔beliefs and values
In Preindustrial America, the destitute and disruptive elements of society were
confined in a(n) -ANSWER✔✔Almshouse
What was the role of a dispensary in preindustrial America? -ANSWER✔✔It
provided free outpatient services
What is voluntary health insurance? -ANSWER✔✔private health insurance
T/F Congress mandating that employers offer health insurance was a factor that led
to the rapid expansion of employer-based health insurance -ANSWER✔✔False
, T/F with regard to the legalities pertaining to the Affordable Care Act, the U.S.
Supreme Court decided that federal subsidies were to be made available only to
those who purchased health insurance through an exchange established by a state -
ANSWER✔✔False
T/F In preindustrial America, even untrained people could practice medicine -
ANSWER✔✔True
T/F Medicaid is a government-based program intended to cover the eligible poor,
determined by income level -ANSWER✔✔True
In postindustrial America, informal alliances between physicians and hospitals
were outlawed -ANSWER✔✔False
A job description for a physician would be to: -ANSWER✔✔Determine the
significance of a patients health condition
A specialist must -ANSWER✔✔Gain certification in an area of medical
specialization
Studies have shown that NPP (nonphysician practitioners) services can: -
ANSWER✔✔Improve access to primary care
Health service administrators: -ANSWER✔✔are responsible for operational,
clinical, and financial outcomes of the entire organization.
