VENTRAL SEPTAL DEFECT UNFOLDING
REASONING MANDY GRAY TWO MONTH
INFANT COMPLETE SOLUTION 2026
◉ Congenital heart disease assessment. Answer: symptoms may appear
immediately after birth or not until adulthood
- most commonly, symptoms appear when the DA closes (@ 2-3 days)
- Failure to thrive, poor weight gain, activity intolerance
◉ how do you want the meals to be when feeding infants with
congenital heart disease?. Answer: high calorie, paced, small feedings
◉ atrial septal defect (ASD). Answer: hole in atrial septum OR failure of
foramen ovale to close
- increased risk of stroke is a characteristic of ASD
- small ASDs may close within first year of life
- Large ASD require surgical repair prior to school age
◉ ventral septal defect (VSD). Answer: hole in ventral septum
- S/S show up around 1-3 months of life
- Small; monitor may close spontaneously
- Large: meds, surgical repair
, ◉ Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Answer: ductus arteriosus doesn't
close
Treatment:
- Indomethacin; given if preemies, closes hole
- cardiac cath to patch hole if older
◉ obstructive defects. Answer: - Coarctation of the aorta
- Aortic stenosis
Blood exiting the heart meets an area of anatomic narrowing, causing
obstruction to blood flow
◉ coarctation of the aorta. Answer: narrowing in a section of the aorta
- mild may go unprotected, severe; give Prostaglandin to keep PDA open
which decreases the workload on the left ventricle and prevents heart
failure
- eventual surgery to remove narrowed section
◉ coarctation of the aorta signs and symotoms; increased BP proximal
"before" the narrowing. Answer: increased BP: HF, headaches,
nosebleeds, stroke, bounding UE pulses, increased BP in UE with
decreased BP in lower extremeties
◉ coarctation of the aorta signs and symptoms: decreased BP distal/after
narrowing. Answer: - absent or decreased femoral pulses
REASONING MANDY GRAY TWO MONTH
INFANT COMPLETE SOLUTION 2026
◉ Congenital heart disease assessment. Answer: symptoms may appear
immediately after birth or not until adulthood
- most commonly, symptoms appear when the DA closes (@ 2-3 days)
- Failure to thrive, poor weight gain, activity intolerance
◉ how do you want the meals to be when feeding infants with
congenital heart disease?. Answer: high calorie, paced, small feedings
◉ atrial septal defect (ASD). Answer: hole in atrial septum OR failure of
foramen ovale to close
- increased risk of stroke is a characteristic of ASD
- small ASDs may close within first year of life
- Large ASD require surgical repair prior to school age
◉ ventral septal defect (VSD). Answer: hole in ventral septum
- S/S show up around 1-3 months of life
- Small; monitor may close spontaneously
- Large: meds, surgical repair
, ◉ Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Answer: ductus arteriosus doesn't
close
Treatment:
- Indomethacin; given if preemies, closes hole
- cardiac cath to patch hole if older
◉ obstructive defects. Answer: - Coarctation of the aorta
- Aortic stenosis
Blood exiting the heart meets an area of anatomic narrowing, causing
obstruction to blood flow
◉ coarctation of the aorta. Answer: narrowing in a section of the aorta
- mild may go unprotected, severe; give Prostaglandin to keep PDA open
which decreases the workload on the left ventricle and prevents heart
failure
- eventual surgery to remove narrowed section
◉ coarctation of the aorta signs and symotoms; increased BP proximal
"before" the narrowing. Answer: increased BP: HF, headaches,
nosebleeds, stroke, bounding UE pulses, increased BP in UE with
decreased BP in lower extremeties
◉ coarctation of the aorta signs and symptoms: decreased BP distal/after
narrowing. Answer: - absent or decreased femoral pulses
