WGU D115 OA ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM 2026 |
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES AND A READINESS PRACTICE EXAM WITH A STUDY GUIDE
GRADE A+.
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWER: T cells
produce cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWER:
Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWER:
Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect
wellbeing. - ANSWER: (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or
dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and
water > Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA - ANSWER: increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER: retain H and
excrete HCO3
,Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? -
ANSWER: Potassium
West Nile Virus - ANSWER: Transmitted through the bite of an infected
mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff
neck
Lyme disease - ANSWER: Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete
Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - ANSWER: a febrile upper respiratory illness in
a child followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth
disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. -
ANSWER: Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - ANSWER: arm/carpal spasm associated with
hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER: results from failure of neural
tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER: males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER: ND-PAE, decreased
brain function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWER: Connective- RA,
Scleroderma, Lupus
, Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - ANSWER: Inflammatory disorder characterized by
joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER: It is an autoimmune disorder
where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of
skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double
vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - ANSWER: inflammation of the skin
eczema - ANSWER: noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease
characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ANSWER: sore caused by lying down for long periods
of time
Fungal infections - ANSWER: superficial, localized skin conditions or
deep tissue infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - ANSWER: noncancerous growths, stationary,
distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - ANSWER: uncontrolled new tissue growth,
irregular borders, spreads
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES AND A READINESS PRACTICE EXAM WITH A STUDY GUIDE
GRADE A+.
Describe how your body responds to an infection. - ANSWER: T cells
produce cytokines, which stimulate B cells. B cells produce antibodies.
Identify role of DNA changes in congenital abnormalities. - ANSWER:
Mutations in genes or chromosomal abnormalities
How does development disrupts congenital abnormalities? - ANSWER:
Alterations of DNA
Describes factors that disrupt homeostasis and how disruptions affect
wellbeing. - ANSWER: (ex) Fluid and electrolyte shifts can cause n/v or
dysrhythmias.
Explain RAAS - ANSWER: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
1. Reduce blood flow causes kidneys to release renin
> produce angiotensin I > converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II >
vasoconstriction > release aldosterone > kidneys conserve sodium and
water > Result less water lost in urine and blood pressure maintained.
DKA - ANSWER: increased anion gap, decreased HCO3
How do kidneys compensate for alkalosis - ANSWER: retain H and
excrete HCO3
,Untreated acidosis leads to an increase in which electrolyte? -
ANSWER: Potassium
West Nile Virus - ANSWER: Transmitted through the bite of an infected
mosquito. Severe signs and symptoms; high fever, headache and stiff
neck
Lyme disease - ANSWER: Tick-borne disease caused by the spirochete
Borrelia burgdorferi.
Erythema infectiosum - ANSWER: a febrile upper respiratory illness in
a child followed by the sudden appearance of red, flushed cheeks, "fifth
disease"
Obesity ad diabetes are risk factors for having a child with _____. -
ANSWER: Spina bifida
Trousseau's sign - ANSWER: arm/carpal spasm associated with
hypocalcemia
Cause and sign of spina bifida - ANSWER: results from failure of neural
tube to close. sign - fluid filled sac on lower back.
hemophilia is more common in - ANSWER: males
Prenatal exposure to alcohol includes - ANSWER: ND-PAE, decreased
brain function, FAS
Connective vs muscle tissue disorders - ANSWER: Connective- RA,
Scleroderma, Lupus
, Muscle - MS, Muscular dystrophy, Myasthenia Gravia
Describe Lupus - ANSWER: Inflammatory disorder characterized by
joint pain and butterfly rash
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ANSWER: It is an autoimmune disorder
where antibodies attack own Ach receptors. This causes weakness of
skeletal muscles over the course of the day, along with ptosis, double
vision, and difficulty swallowing.
dermatitis - ANSWER: inflammation of the skin
eczema - ANSWER: noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease
characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ANSWER: sore caused by lying down for long periods
of time
Fungal infections - ANSWER: superficial, localized skin conditions or
deep tissue infections caused by exposure to spores
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - ANSWER: noncancerous growths, stationary,
distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - ANSWER: uncontrolled new tissue growth,
irregular borders, spreads
