SHS 205 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH FULL A+ SOLUTIONS,
UPDATED 2026, GRADED SUCCESS
The Foundations of Communication
Term Definition Key Feature
The sharing of information Requires a sender, a receiver, and
Communication
across a medium. a shared intent.
A code with agreed-upon Used to convey complex and
Language
rules. entirely new ideas.
The oral/physical expression The neuromuscular execution of
Speech
of language. the language code.
Power Source for Speech: Breathing (Respiration) Speech begins with the
lungs. As we exhale, the air provides the energy necessary to vibrate the vocal
folds and create sound.
Impairment vs. Disability
Impairment: A diminishment of normal function at the anatomical or
physiological level (e.g., a damaged vocal fold).
Disability: A physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements,
senses, or activities in daily life (e.g., being unable to speak in a way that
others understand).
Classifying Impairments
Clinicians categorize impairments based on their origin and when they appear:
1. Organic Impairment
These have an identified physical cause.
, Examples: A stroke causing aphasia, a cleft palate affecting resonance, or
a traumatic brain injury.
2. Functional Impairment
These present themselves without a clear physical or neurological cause. The
structure of the speech mechanism looks normal, but it isn't working correctly.
Example: A lisp where the tongue placement is incorrect despite no
physical deformity.
3. Developmental Impairment
These show up during the period of development (childhood).
Example: A lisp or a childhood language disorder that emerges as the child
fails to meet certain milestones.
Quick Comparison: Cause and Timing
Organic: "I can see why this is happening" (Structural/Physical).
Functional: "Everything looks fine, but it’s not working right"
(Habit/Learning).
Developmental: "This appeared as the child was growing up."
acquired impairment -ANSWER✔✔something gained by cause
ex) stroke
semantics -ANSWER✔✔relation of thoughts and feelings to words, choosing the
right words in the right situation
lexicon -ANSWER✔✔internal knowledge of words
syntax -ANSWER✔✔how words are used together, grammar
ANSWERS WITH FULL A+ SOLUTIONS,
UPDATED 2026, GRADED SUCCESS
The Foundations of Communication
Term Definition Key Feature
The sharing of information Requires a sender, a receiver, and
Communication
across a medium. a shared intent.
A code with agreed-upon Used to convey complex and
Language
rules. entirely new ideas.
The oral/physical expression The neuromuscular execution of
Speech
of language. the language code.
Power Source for Speech: Breathing (Respiration) Speech begins with the
lungs. As we exhale, the air provides the energy necessary to vibrate the vocal
folds and create sound.
Impairment vs. Disability
Impairment: A diminishment of normal function at the anatomical or
physiological level (e.g., a damaged vocal fold).
Disability: A physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements,
senses, or activities in daily life (e.g., being unable to speak in a way that
others understand).
Classifying Impairments
Clinicians categorize impairments based on their origin and when they appear:
1. Organic Impairment
These have an identified physical cause.
, Examples: A stroke causing aphasia, a cleft palate affecting resonance, or
a traumatic brain injury.
2. Functional Impairment
These present themselves without a clear physical or neurological cause. The
structure of the speech mechanism looks normal, but it isn't working correctly.
Example: A lisp where the tongue placement is incorrect despite no
physical deformity.
3. Developmental Impairment
These show up during the period of development (childhood).
Example: A lisp or a childhood language disorder that emerges as the child
fails to meet certain milestones.
Quick Comparison: Cause and Timing
Organic: "I can see why this is happening" (Structural/Physical).
Functional: "Everything looks fine, but it’s not working right"
(Habit/Learning).
Developmental: "This appeared as the child was growing up."
acquired impairment -ANSWER✔✔something gained by cause
ex) stroke
semantics -ANSWER✔✔relation of thoughts and feelings to words, choosing the
right words in the right situation
lexicon -ANSWER✔✔internal knowledge of words
syntax -ANSWER✔✔how words are used together, grammar
