High-Yield DVT and Pulmonary Embolism Overview: Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, Pediatric vs Adult Considerations, Diagnostic Criteria, Imaging, Laboratory Testing, Complications, and Evidence-Based Treatment and Prevention Strategie

High-Yield DVT and Pulmonary Embolism Overview: Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation, Pediatric vs Adult Considerations, Diagnostic Criteria, Imaging, Laboratory Testing, Complications, and Evidence-Based Treatment and Prevention Strategies Verified Questions Provided with Complete A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 DVT- Deep Vein Thrombosis deep vein thrombosis - most common in the arms, legs & thighs (90% lower compartment) **can causes a pulmonary embolism if not treated ** VTE venous thromboembolism -includes DVT and PE VTE Risk Factors Know COVID effect (TQ) Acute: surgery, trauma, hospitalization Chronic: inherited, acquired -age -Orthopedic surgery/joint replacement -Cancer -Pregnancy Thrombophilia: Protein S or C deficiency Pt.s who had COVID-19 What is the #1 preventable cause of hospital death in the US? pulmonary embolism (PE) Thrombi break off from point of origin and travel through right heard into pulmonary artery Diagnosing PE (TQ!!) Signs/Symptoms Pulmonary angiogram is gold standard Dyspnea Tachycardia Tachypnea(18 breath/minute)* Analyzing History and Physical What is the most common symptom of pulmonary embolism ? Local unilateral pain Palpable venous cords Beside diagnosis for hospital patients Pleuritic (sharp) pain Apprehension, anxiety Pratt Sign or Homan Sign Acute shortness of breath (most common symptom of Pulmonary embolism) Pulmonary embolism development thrombi break off from point of origin (usually deep vein in the leg) and travel into the right heart then occlude the pulmonary artery **ventilation/perfusion mismatch Common causes of PE in adults - immobility (long plane ride) - cancer - trauma/surgery (esp. lower limbs) lower limb fractures - obesity - Persistent high D-dimer, ASCVD, Prior VTE **Really anything that disrupts circulation Common causes of PE in children (TQ) AN