Advanced Pathophysiology NR
507 Final Exam 2026 Exam
Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Fat Soluble Hormones - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Steroids
Water Soluble Hormones - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Need 2nd Messenger to
transport across phospholipid membranes
Pituitary Hormones - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin,
ADH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
,Anterior Pituitary - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary
gland. Three regions, pars distalis, parts tuberalis, and pars intermedia.
Pars distalis is major component of Anterior Pituitary and source of Anterior
Pituitary Hormones.
Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Arises from 3rd
ventricle of brain, consists of three parts, median eminence, pituitary stalk,
and infundibular process (pars nervosa or neural tube). Median eminence
is composed mainly of nerve endings of axons that arise primarily from
ventral hypothalamus.
Hypothalamic releasing Hormones in Posterior pituitary's median
eminence. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Includes 10 hypothalamic releasing hormones
and neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin,
acetylcholine, and histamine.
Pituitary stalk - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔contains axons of neurons that originate in
the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus.
Hormones of posterior pituitary - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ADH, and Oxytocin
(Peptide Hormones)
,ADH (antidiuretic Hormone) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Major homeostatic function of
posterior pituitary is control of plasma osmolality, as regulated by ADH
Hypothalamic hormones and target tissues (Hypophysiotropic hormones) -
🧠 ANSWER ✔✔HORMONES: Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH),
Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone (GnRH), Somatostatin, Growth
hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone
(CRH),
Substance P, Dopamine, Prolactin-releasing factor.
TARGET Tissue: Anterior Pituitary
Somatostatin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Inhibits release of growth hormone and TSH
Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Stimulates release of
FSH and LH
Dopamine - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Inhibits synthesis and secretion of prolactin
Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Stimulate secretion of
prolactin
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Tropic Hormones of Anterior Pituitary and their function - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔ACTH, Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH, Somatotropic
hormones, GH, prolactin, LH, TSH, FSH, glycoprotein hormones
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔SECRETORY
CELL TYPE: Corticotropic
TARGET ORGANS: Adrenal Gland (cortex)
FUNCTIONS: Increased steroidogenesis (cortisol, and androgenic
hormones
Prolactin, - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Milk production
TSH - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased production and secretion of thyroid
hormone
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Ovulation, progesterone
production (in glanulosa cells)
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Follicle maturation,
estrogen production (In Women: Granulosa Cells, In Men: Sertoli Cells)
B-Lipotropin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Fat breakdown and release of fatty acids
(Corticotropic, from Adipose Cells)
507 Final Exam 2026 Exam
Questions with 100% Correct
Answers | Latest Update
Fat Soluble Hormones - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Steroids
Water Soluble Hormones - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Need 2nd Messenger to
transport across phospholipid membranes
Pituitary Hormones - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin,
ADH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
,Anterior Pituitary - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary
gland. Three regions, pars distalis, parts tuberalis, and pars intermedia.
Pars distalis is major component of Anterior Pituitary and source of Anterior
Pituitary Hormones.
Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Arises from 3rd
ventricle of brain, consists of three parts, median eminence, pituitary stalk,
and infundibular process (pars nervosa or neural tube). Median eminence
is composed mainly of nerve endings of axons that arise primarily from
ventral hypothalamus.
Hypothalamic releasing Hormones in Posterior pituitary's median
eminence. - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Includes 10 hypothalamic releasing hormones
and neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin,
acetylcholine, and histamine.
Pituitary stalk - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔contains axons of neurons that originate in
the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus.
Hormones of posterior pituitary - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ADH, and Oxytocin
(Peptide Hormones)
,ADH (antidiuretic Hormone) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Major homeostatic function of
posterior pituitary is control of plasma osmolality, as regulated by ADH
Hypothalamic hormones and target tissues (Hypophysiotropic hormones) -
🧠 ANSWER ✔✔HORMONES: Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH),
Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone (GnRH), Somatostatin, Growth
hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone
(CRH),
Substance P, Dopamine, Prolactin-releasing factor.
TARGET Tissue: Anterior Pituitary
Somatostatin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Inhibits release of growth hormone and TSH
Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Stimulates release of
FSH and LH
Dopamine - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Inhibits synthesis and secretion of prolactin
Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Stimulate secretion of
prolactin
COPYRIGHT©PROFFKERRYMARTIN 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2026. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE.
PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Tropic Hormones of Anterior Pituitary and their function - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔ACTH, Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH, Somatotropic
hormones, GH, prolactin, LH, TSH, FSH, glycoprotein hormones
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔SECRETORY
CELL TYPE: Corticotropic
TARGET ORGANS: Adrenal Gland (cortex)
FUNCTIONS: Increased steroidogenesis (cortisol, and androgenic
hormones
Prolactin, - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Milk production
TSH - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased production and secretion of thyroid
hormone
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Ovulation, progesterone
production (in glanulosa cells)
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Follicle maturation,
estrogen production (In Women: Granulosa Cells, In Men: Sertoli Cells)
B-Lipotropin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Fat breakdown and release of fatty acids
(Corticotropic, from Adipose Cells)
