Financial Management for Public, Health, and Not-for-Profit Organizations Eighth Edition
by Steven A. Finkler
FULL TEST BANK!!!
, Chapter 3: Additional Budgeting Concepts 3-2
INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1 TO
FINANCIAL
MANAGEMENT
Questions for Discussion
1-1. Financial management is the subset of management that focuses on generating financial information
n, ahol átlátható és magas
that can improve színvonalú
decisions. The tanulási
decisionsanyagokat
are orientedtalálsz.
towardAhogyan
achievingazthealkimista arannyá
various goals of the
változtatja az alapanyagokat, mi az összetett témákat könnyen érthető jegyzetekké, rendezett
organization while maintaining a satisfactory financial situation. Financial management encompasses
összefoglalókká
the broadés vizsgaközpontú
areas of accounting and útmutatókká
finance. alakítjuk. Minden dokumentum gondosan szerkesztett,
naprakész és időtakarékos megoldásokat kínál.
1-2. In proprietary, or for-profit, organizations, an underlying goal is to maximize the wealth of the
Anyagaink pontosak,
owners részletesek és világos megfogalmazásúak, így még a nehezebb témák is érthetővé
of the organization.
válnak. Legyen szó vizsgafelkészülésről vagy beadandó feladatról, nálunk megbízható segítséget találsz.
1-3. In public service organizations, decisions are oriented toward achieving the various goals of the
A The_Alchemist
organizationsegítségével a tanulás
while maintaining hatékonyabbá
a satisfactory éssituation.
financial tudatosabbá válik — mert a siker nem
varázslat, hanem jól felépített felkészülés.
1-4. Accounting is a system for keeping track of the financial status of an organization and the financial
•••• Slovak
results of its activities. It has often been referred to as the language of business. The vocabulary
used by accounting is the language of nonbusiness organizations as well.
The_Alchemist je váš spoľahlivý obchod na Stuvia, ktorý ponúka kvalitné a prehľadné študijné materiály.
Ako1-5.
alchymista
Accountingpremieňame
is subdividedzložité
into témy na jasné
two major areas:poznámky,
managerialsystematické
accounting andzhrnutia a praktické
financial accounting.
sprievodcov k skúškam.
Managerial Každýrelates
accounting dokument je starostlivo
to generating pripravený,
any financial aktuálnythat
information a navrhnutý tak, use
managers can abytovám
šetril časimprove
a zlepšoval výsledky.
the future results of the organization. This includes techniques designed to generate any
financial data that might help managers make more effective decisions. Major aspects of managerial
Materiályaccounting
sú vytvorené
relatestodôrazom na presnosť,
making financial zrozumiteľnosť
plans for a logickú
the organization, štruktúru.
implementing Pomáhajú
those plans, andlepšie
then
pochopiť náročné učivo a uľahčujú prípravu na testy či projekty.
working to ensure that the plans are achieved. Some examples of managerial accounting include
preparing annual operating budgets, generating information for use in making major investment
decisions, and providing the data needed to decide whether to buy or lease a major piece of
equipment. Financial accounting provides retrospective information. As events that have financial
implications occur they are recorded by the financial accounting system. From time to time (usually
monthly, quarterly, or annually), the recorded data are summarized and reported to interested users.
The users include both internal managers and people outside the organization. Those outsiders
include those who have lent or might lend money to the organization (creditors), those who might
sell things to the organization (called suppliers or vendors), and other interested parties. These
interested parties may include those with a particular interest in public service organizations, such as
regulators, legislators, and citizens. Financial reports provide information on the financial status of
the organization at a specific point in time, as well as reporting the past results of the organization‘s
operations (i.e., how well it has done from a financial viewpoint).
,1-6. Finance focuses on the alternative sources and uses of the organization‘s financial resources.
Obtaining funds when needed from appropriate sources and the deployment of resources within the
organization fall under this heading. In addition, finance involves the financial markets (such as
stock and bond markets) that provide a means to generating funds for organizations.
1-7. Yes. Achieving the goals of the organization requires financial planning. Financial management
provides information for managers to use in making their decisions. It helps managers by
providing information on the likely financial impact of each proposed alternative. It also provides
information about financial stability, efficiency, and effectiveness.
1-8. Clearly, we might expect some public service organizations that are proprietary, such as some
hospitals, to earn profits. But what about other public service organizations such as charities? They
should make a profit as well. Profits provide a safety margin against unexpected costs, provide
resources to replace buildings and equipment, and to expand and improve services.
1-9. Federal government (see text Figure 1-1)
◼ Individual income taxes
◼ Social insurance taxes
◼ Corporate income tax
State and local government (see text Figure 1-4)
◼ Sales and gross receipts tax
◼ Federal government
◼ Property taxes
◼ Individual income taxes
Health sector (see text Figure 1-6)
◼ Private insurance
◼ Medicare
◼ Medicaid
◼ Other government programs
Not-for-profit sector (see text)
◼ Private payments for goods and services
◼ Government payments for goods and services
◼ Donations
1-10. Federal government spending exceeded $6 trillion in 2020 and state and local government spending
was more than $3 trillion in 2018. In contrast, the GDP was $21 trillion in 2020. For more up to
date information, examine the statistical tables of the most recent Economic Report of the
President, which is available online.
1-11. The reported surplus includes both on and off budget items. Social security taxes represent an off
budget item that until recently raised more revenue than was spent on social security payments.
,