NSG 555 Quiz 4 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What is the mean age of onset for Giant Cell Arteritis 79 years
(GCA)?
What is the relationship between Polymyalgia Rheumatica They probably represent a spectrum of one disease and frequently coexist.
(PMR) and Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA)?
What is the typical prednisone dosage for treating 10-20 mg/day orally.
Polymyalgia Rheumatica?
What complications can Giant Cell Arteritis cause? Blindness, aortitis, and large artery complications.
What is the incidence of Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Incidence increases with each decade of life.
Giant Cell Arteritis with age?
What type of vasculitis is Giant Cell Arteritis classified as? Granulomatous vasculitis affecting large and medium arteries.
What percentage of patients with GCA also have PMR? 40-60%.
What are the common symptoms of Polymyalgia Pain and stiffness in shoulders and hips, prolonged morning stiffness, fatigue, low-
Rheumatica? grade fever, and weight loss.
What are the key symptoms of Giant Cell Arteritis? New headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, visual symptoms, and systemic
symptoms like fever and fatigue.
What is the significance of the temporal artery in It can be normal or show signs of nodularity, enlargement, tenderness, or
diagnosing GCA? reduced pulses.
What imaging techniques are used for diagnosing Giant Ultrasound, MRI, CT, or PET scans.
Cell Arteritis?
What laboratory findings are typically seen in patients Elevated ESR and CRP in over 90% of cases.
with PMR?
What is the gold standard for diagnosing Giant Cell Temporal artery biopsy.
Arteritis?
What is the initial treatment for Giant Cell Arteritis? 40-60 mg/day of prednisone or prednisolone.
What is the recommended tapering schedule for GCA Begin tapering after 2-4 weeks of symptom control, reducing by 10% every 1-2
treatment? weeks.
What are the potential side effects of long-term Disease flares are common, and patients may require some dose of prednisone
corticosteroid use in PMR? for at least 1 year.
, What is the role of IL-6 inhibitors in managing GCA? They can reduce the prolonged use of prednisone and decrease the risk of
disease flare or relapse.
What characterizes Primary Raynaud Phenomenon? Benign course, usually affects young women, and is idiopathic.
What distinguishes Secondary Raynaud Phenomenon Secondary can cause severe complications like digital ulceration or gangrene.
from Primary?
What triggers episodes of Raynaud Phenomenon? Cold or emotional stress.
What is the initial phase of Raynaud Phenomenon Excessive vasoconstriction leading to digital pallor and cyanosis.
characterized by?
What occurs during the recovery phase of Raynaud Vasodilation leading to intense hyperemia and rubor.
Phenomenon?
What demographic is most affected by Primary Raynaud Women aged 15-30.
Phenomenon?
What symptoms are associated with Secondary Raynaud May involve unilateral symptoms and can cause digital pitting or gangrene.
Phenomenon?
What is the typical clinical presentation of Polymyalgia Pain and stiffness in shoulder and pelvic girdle areas, often with fever and malaise.
Rheumatica?
What is the significance of elevated ESR and CRP in They indicate inflammation but are not absolute guides to disease activity.
diagnosing these conditions?
What is the recommended approach if a patient with PMR The diagnosis should be revisited if no dramatic improvement is seen within 72
does not improve after steroid treatment? hours.
What are common rheumatic diseases mentioned? Systemic sclerosis, neurovascular compression, carpal tunnel syndrome, thoracic
outlet obstruction, vibration injury.
What is the clinical presentation of Raynaud's Paroxysmal bilateral digital pallor and cyanosis followed by rubor, typically
phenomenon (RP)? asymptomatic between attacks.
What color changes occur in fingers/toes during RP White (ischemia) -> blue (cyanosis) -> red (rubor).
episodes?
What initial diagnostics are used for secondary RP? Nailfold capillary abnormalities visualized with an ophthalmoscope, ANA and
autoimmune panels, TSH to rule out hypothyroidism.
What are the management strategies for Raynaud's Keeping warm, wearing gloves, protecting hands, using softening lotion, stopping
phenomenon? smoking, and considering sympathectomy for severe cases.
What are the common drug classifications for managing CCBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers, topical nitrates, phosphodiesterase
Raynaud's phenomenon? inhibitors, and SSRIs.
What is the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? 1%, more common in women than men (3:1).
Answers
What is the mean age of onset for Giant Cell Arteritis 79 years
(GCA)?
What is the relationship between Polymyalgia Rheumatica They probably represent a spectrum of one disease and frequently coexist.
(PMR) and Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA)?
What is the typical prednisone dosage for treating 10-20 mg/day orally.
Polymyalgia Rheumatica?
What complications can Giant Cell Arteritis cause? Blindness, aortitis, and large artery complications.
What is the incidence of Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Incidence increases with each decade of life.
Giant Cell Arteritis with age?
What type of vasculitis is Giant Cell Arteritis classified as? Granulomatous vasculitis affecting large and medium arteries.
What percentage of patients with GCA also have PMR? 40-60%.
What are the common symptoms of Polymyalgia Pain and stiffness in shoulders and hips, prolonged morning stiffness, fatigue, low-
Rheumatica? grade fever, and weight loss.
What are the key symptoms of Giant Cell Arteritis? New headache, scalp tenderness, jaw claudication, visual symptoms, and systemic
symptoms like fever and fatigue.
What is the significance of the temporal artery in It can be normal or show signs of nodularity, enlargement, tenderness, or
diagnosing GCA? reduced pulses.
What imaging techniques are used for diagnosing Giant Ultrasound, MRI, CT, or PET scans.
Cell Arteritis?
What laboratory findings are typically seen in patients Elevated ESR and CRP in over 90% of cases.
with PMR?
What is the gold standard for diagnosing Giant Cell Temporal artery biopsy.
Arteritis?
What is the initial treatment for Giant Cell Arteritis? 40-60 mg/day of prednisone or prednisolone.
What is the recommended tapering schedule for GCA Begin tapering after 2-4 weeks of symptom control, reducing by 10% every 1-2
treatment? weeks.
What are the potential side effects of long-term Disease flares are common, and patients may require some dose of prednisone
corticosteroid use in PMR? for at least 1 year.
, What is the role of IL-6 inhibitors in managing GCA? They can reduce the prolonged use of prednisone and decrease the risk of
disease flare or relapse.
What characterizes Primary Raynaud Phenomenon? Benign course, usually affects young women, and is idiopathic.
What distinguishes Secondary Raynaud Phenomenon Secondary can cause severe complications like digital ulceration or gangrene.
from Primary?
What triggers episodes of Raynaud Phenomenon? Cold or emotional stress.
What is the initial phase of Raynaud Phenomenon Excessive vasoconstriction leading to digital pallor and cyanosis.
characterized by?
What occurs during the recovery phase of Raynaud Vasodilation leading to intense hyperemia and rubor.
Phenomenon?
What demographic is most affected by Primary Raynaud Women aged 15-30.
Phenomenon?
What symptoms are associated with Secondary Raynaud May involve unilateral symptoms and can cause digital pitting or gangrene.
Phenomenon?
What is the typical clinical presentation of Polymyalgia Pain and stiffness in shoulder and pelvic girdle areas, often with fever and malaise.
Rheumatica?
What is the significance of elevated ESR and CRP in They indicate inflammation but are not absolute guides to disease activity.
diagnosing these conditions?
What is the recommended approach if a patient with PMR The diagnosis should be revisited if no dramatic improvement is seen within 72
does not improve after steroid treatment? hours.
What are common rheumatic diseases mentioned? Systemic sclerosis, neurovascular compression, carpal tunnel syndrome, thoracic
outlet obstruction, vibration injury.
What is the clinical presentation of Raynaud's Paroxysmal bilateral digital pallor and cyanosis followed by rubor, typically
phenomenon (RP)? asymptomatic between attacks.
What color changes occur in fingers/toes during RP White (ischemia) -> blue (cyanosis) -> red (rubor).
episodes?
What initial diagnostics are used for secondary RP? Nailfold capillary abnormalities visualized with an ophthalmoscope, ANA and
autoimmune panels, TSH to rule out hypothyroidism.
What are the management strategies for Raynaud's Keeping warm, wearing gloves, protecting hands, using softening lotion, stopping
phenomenon? smoking, and considering sympathectomy for severe cases.
What are the common drug classifications for managing CCBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers, topical nitrates, phosphodiesterase
Raynaud's phenomenon? inhibitors, and SSRIs.
What is the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? 1%, more common in women than men (3:1).
