NSG 3280 PATHO EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. What are the two main categories of skin conditions discussed? - ANSWER
✔ Inflammatory/infectious and proliferative/neoplastic skin conditions.
2. What is a primary lesion? - ANSWER ✔ The original lesion with a
characteristic appearance, such as a blister.
3. What is a secondary lesion? - ANSWER ✔ A lesion that evolves from a
primary lesion, for example, scarring.
4. What are common viral infections affecting the skin? - ANSWER ✔ Herpes
Simplex and Herpes Zoster.
5. How is Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) transmitted? - ANSWER ✔ Through
contact with skin or mucous membranes.
6. What triggers the reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus? - ANSWER ✔
Stress and other infections.
,7. What are the clinical signs of Herpes Simplex? - ANSWER ✔ Burning,
tingling, pustules/vesicles, ulcers, erythema, and pain.
8. What is the typical healing time for Herpes Simplex lesions? - ANSWER ✔
Approximately 10-14 days.
9. What is the recommended management for Herpes Simplex? - ANSWER ✔
Antiviral medications such as acyclovir.
10.What causes Herpes Zoster (Shingles)? - ANSWER ✔ Reactivation of the
varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox.
11.What is a key feature of Herpes Zoster presentation? - ANSWER ✔
Unilateral, dermatomal vesicular rash with severe neuropathic pain.
12.What is the recommended treatment for Herpes Zoster? - ANSWER ✔
Antivirals within 72 hours to reduce severity and pain management.
13.What is pediculosis? - ANSWER ✔ An infestation of lice that causes intense
itchiness, commonly transmitted via head-to-head contact.
14.Etiology of herpes - ANSWER ✔ herpes virus contact withskin and mucous
membranes; persists in latentform in trigeminal nerve and other ganglia
15.HSV-1 - ANSWER ✔ occurs above the waist; common on the lips,face, and
mouth• Healing in 10 to 14 days;
persists in a latent form
Stress can exacerbate it
, Contact transmission
no cure
16.HSV-2 - ANSWER ✔ responsible for most infections in the genital region
sexually/contact transmitted
17.Clinical manifestations of HSV - ANSWER ✔ usually begins with burning
or tingling sensation, followed by pustules, ulcers, vesicles, and erythema;
pain common
18.Asthma - ANSWER ✔ Characterized by 1. airway obstruction,
2. airway inflammation, and
3. increased airway reactivityto a variety of stimuli
19.etiology of asthma - ANSWER ✔ • Most cases triggered by allergens and
stimuli such asexercise or exposure to cold air
• Airway obstruction that is reversible (most of the time)
• Extrinsic (Allergic) and Intrinsic (Nonallergic) types
20.Pathogenesis of Asthma - ANSWER ✔ Release of inflammatory chemicals
leads to epithelialdenudation, collagen deposition beneath the
basementmembrane, mast cell activation, mucosal edema, increasedviscid
secretions, and smooth muscle contraction.
21.exercise induced asthma - ANSWER ✔ airway narrowing as a result of
increased physical activity
, 22.Heat and water loss leads to increased osmolarity ofthe lower respiratory
mucosa stimulates mediatorrelease from basophils and tissue mast cells >
smoothmuscle contraction
23.occupational asthma - ANSWER ✔ Caused by a reaction to substances at
work
Symptoms develop over time, worsening with each exposure and improving
when away from work
24.status asthmaticus - ANSWER ✔ a severe, life-threatening asthma attack
that is refractory to usual treatment and places the patient at risk for
developing respiratory failure.
Not affected by medications
25.occupational lung disease - ANSWER ✔ Constant exposure to inhaled
particles causes pulmonary fibrosis and the alveoli lose their elasticity
asbestos, dust, cigarette smoke, factory smoke/soot
26.Pathogenesis of occupational lung disease - ANSWER ✔ Mucociliary
system > atmospheric pollutants (sulfur oxides,nitrogen oxides, and tobacco
smoke) interfere with and canparalyze ciliary action
27.If you hear your pt wheezing upon auscultation during an asthma attack and
then stop hearing the wheezing, but still experiencing symptoms, what is
happening? - ANSWER ✔ The walls of the lumen have almost, if not
completely, closed off
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<NEWEST VERSION>
1. What are the two main categories of skin conditions discussed? - ANSWER
✔ Inflammatory/infectious and proliferative/neoplastic skin conditions.
2. What is a primary lesion? - ANSWER ✔ The original lesion with a
characteristic appearance, such as a blister.
3. What is a secondary lesion? - ANSWER ✔ A lesion that evolves from a
primary lesion, for example, scarring.
4. What are common viral infections affecting the skin? - ANSWER ✔ Herpes
Simplex and Herpes Zoster.
5. How is Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) transmitted? - ANSWER ✔ Through
contact with skin or mucous membranes.
6. What triggers the reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus? - ANSWER ✔
Stress and other infections.
,7. What are the clinical signs of Herpes Simplex? - ANSWER ✔ Burning,
tingling, pustules/vesicles, ulcers, erythema, and pain.
8. What is the typical healing time for Herpes Simplex lesions? - ANSWER ✔
Approximately 10-14 days.
9. What is the recommended management for Herpes Simplex? - ANSWER ✔
Antiviral medications such as acyclovir.
10.What causes Herpes Zoster (Shingles)? - ANSWER ✔ Reactivation of the
varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox.
11.What is a key feature of Herpes Zoster presentation? - ANSWER ✔
Unilateral, dermatomal vesicular rash with severe neuropathic pain.
12.What is the recommended treatment for Herpes Zoster? - ANSWER ✔
Antivirals within 72 hours to reduce severity and pain management.
13.What is pediculosis? - ANSWER ✔ An infestation of lice that causes intense
itchiness, commonly transmitted via head-to-head contact.
14.Etiology of herpes - ANSWER ✔ herpes virus contact withskin and mucous
membranes; persists in latentform in trigeminal nerve and other ganglia
15.HSV-1 - ANSWER ✔ occurs above the waist; common on the lips,face, and
mouth• Healing in 10 to 14 days;
persists in a latent form
Stress can exacerbate it
, Contact transmission
no cure
16.HSV-2 - ANSWER ✔ responsible for most infections in the genital region
sexually/contact transmitted
17.Clinical manifestations of HSV - ANSWER ✔ usually begins with burning
or tingling sensation, followed by pustules, ulcers, vesicles, and erythema;
pain common
18.Asthma - ANSWER ✔ Characterized by 1. airway obstruction,
2. airway inflammation, and
3. increased airway reactivityto a variety of stimuli
19.etiology of asthma - ANSWER ✔ • Most cases triggered by allergens and
stimuli such asexercise or exposure to cold air
• Airway obstruction that is reversible (most of the time)
• Extrinsic (Allergic) and Intrinsic (Nonallergic) types
20.Pathogenesis of Asthma - ANSWER ✔ Release of inflammatory chemicals
leads to epithelialdenudation, collagen deposition beneath the
basementmembrane, mast cell activation, mucosal edema, increasedviscid
secretions, and smooth muscle contraction.
21.exercise induced asthma - ANSWER ✔ airway narrowing as a result of
increased physical activity
, 22.Heat and water loss leads to increased osmolarity ofthe lower respiratory
mucosa stimulates mediatorrelease from basophils and tissue mast cells >
smoothmuscle contraction
23.occupational asthma - ANSWER ✔ Caused by a reaction to substances at
work
Symptoms develop over time, worsening with each exposure and improving
when away from work
24.status asthmaticus - ANSWER ✔ a severe, life-threatening asthma attack
that is refractory to usual treatment and places the patient at risk for
developing respiratory failure.
Not affected by medications
25.occupational lung disease - ANSWER ✔ Constant exposure to inhaled
particles causes pulmonary fibrosis and the alveoli lose their elasticity
asbestos, dust, cigarette smoke, factory smoke/soot
26.Pathogenesis of occupational lung disease - ANSWER ✔ Mucociliary
system > atmospheric pollutants (sulfur oxides,nitrogen oxides, and tobacco
smoke) interfere with and canparalyze ciliary action
27.If you hear your pt wheezing upon auscultation during an asthma attack and
then stop hearing the wheezing, but still experiencing symptoms, what is
happening? - ANSWER ✔ The walls of the lumen have almost, if not
completely, closed off
