Pathophysiology Actual Week 8 Final Exam
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What phrase describes the condition in which a series of alveoli in the left lower lobe receive
adequate ventilation but lack adequate perfusion?
A. A right to left shunt
(B). Alveolar dead space
C. A low ventilation-perfusion ratio
D. Pulmonary hypotension
A function of the pericardium is to:
(A). Provide a barrier against extracardial infections
B. Improve blood flow through the heart
C. Play a role in cardiac conduction
D. Assist in cardiac contraction
Clinical manifestations of bile salt deficiencies are r/t poor absorption of:
(A). Fats & fat-soluble vitamins
B. Water-soluble vitamins
C. Proteins
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,D. Minerals
The FNP is teaching the community about health promotion. Which information should the FNP
include for innate immunity?
A. following an illness
(B). At birth
C. via injection of specific antibodies
D. In adulthood
A 10 y/o develops pneumonia. Physical exam reveals subcostal and intercostal retractions. The
child reports that breathing is difficult with feelings that, "I can't get enough air." What term
should the FNP use to document this condition?
A. cyanosis
(B). Dyspnea
C. Hyperpnea
D. Orthopnea
When the FNP is reviewing lab results & notices that the erythrocytes contain an abnormally low
concentration of hgb, the nurse calls these erythrocytes:
A. hyperchromic
(B). Hypochromic
C. Macrocytic
D. Microcytic
A 45 y/o/m complains of heart burn after eating & difficulty swallowing. These symptoms
support which diagnosis?
A. pyloric stenosis
B. Gastric cancer
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,C. Achalasia
(D). Hiatal hernia
A 25 y/o/f has a heavy menses during which she loses a profuse amount of blood. Which of the
following adaptations should the nurse expect?
A. Movement of fluid into the cell
B. Decreased cardiac output
C. Decreased oxygen release from hgb
(D). Peripheral vasoconstriction
Which pt will develop active immunity? A pt who:
(A). has natural exposure to an antigen or receives an immunization
B. Receives preformed antibodies or T cells from a donor
C. Has T cells that become B cells
D. Receives immunoglobulin
Chronic gastritis is classified according to the:
A. Severity
(B). Location of lesions
C. Pt's age
D. Signs & symptoms
A 16 y/o/f student is driving to school when another driver nearly hits her. Her hrt begins
beating harder & faster as she becomes aroused & scared. Which of the following states of the
general adaptation syndrome is she experienced?
(A). Alarm stage
B. Stage of resistance
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, C. Adaptation
D. Exhaustion
A 50 y/o is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux. This condition is:
A. Fibrosis of the lower third of the esophagus.
B. Sympathetic nerve stimulation
(C). Loss of muscle tone at the lower esophageal sphincter
D. Reverse peristalsis of the stomach
A low ventilation-perfusion ratio of the lung will result in:
A. Increased dead space
(B). Shunting
C. Alveolar collapse
D. Bronchospasm
A 52 y/o/m is diagnosed with urinary tract obstruction. While designing the treatment plan,
the nurse realizes that the pt is expected to have hydronephrosis & a decreased glomerular
filtration rate caused by:
A. Decreased renal blood flow
B. Decreased peritubular capillary pressure
(C). Dilation of the renal pelvis & calyces proximal to a blockage
D. Stimulation of antidiuretic hormone
A 40 y/o/m's hx includes being a vegetarian & abusing alcohol. Which of the following factors
put him at greatest risk for developing folate deficiency anemia?
A. Being vegetarian
(B). Being alcoholic
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