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FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM –
PATIENT CARE, SAFETY, AND NURSING
PROCESS (2026 LATEST VERSION)
1. A patient is receiving medication via IV push. Which is the
priority nursing action?
A. Document after administration
B. Assess vitals only
C. Check for patency and verify dose
D. Apply restraints
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Before IV push medications, the nurse must ensure patency,
verify the correct drug, dose, and route to prevent
complications.
2. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient with
impaired mobility due to surgery?
A. Ineffective airway clearance
B. Risk for impaired physical mobility
C. Risk for infection
D. Anxiety
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Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Postoperative patients with limited mobility are at risk for
complications like muscle atrophy or falls; nursing interventions
should address mobility needs.
3. The nurse identifies confusion and disorientation in a newly
admitted older adult. Priority action?
A. Give a sleeping pill
B. Assess for underlying cause (infection, medications,
hypoxia)
C. Restrain the patient
D. Document only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Acute confusion in older adults can indicate serious underlying
conditions, including infections, hypoxia, or medication effects.
4. Which action prevents hospital-acquired infections most
effectively?
A. Wearing gloves only during procedures
B. Hand hygiene before and after patient contact
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C. Using antibiotics prophylactically
D. Changing linen daily
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Proper hand hygiene is the single most effective method to
prevent HAIs.
5. A patient requires frequent turning to prevent pressure
injuries. Which intervention is correct?
A. Turn every 8 hours
B. Turn at least every 2 hours
C. Only turn when patient complains of pain
D. No turning is necessary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Frequent repositioning (every 2 hours) reduces pressure on
bony prominences, preventing skin breakdown.
6. During medication administration, a nurse verifies the “right
patient, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time”. This
is called:
, 4
A. Nursing process
B. Patient-centered care
C. Five Rights of Medication Administration
D. Infection control
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
The Five Rights are standard for safe medication administration
to prevent errors.
7. Which is the correct sequence for the nursing process?
A. Planning → Assessment → Implementation → Evaluation →
Diagnosis
B. Assessment → Diagnosis → Planning → Implementation →
Evaluation
C. Evaluation → Implementation → Planning → Assessment →
Diagnosis
D. Diagnosis → Assessment → Planning → Implementation →
Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The nursing process follows: Assessment → Diagnosis →
Planning → Implementation → Evaluation (ADPIE).
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING EXAM –
PATIENT CARE, SAFETY, AND NURSING
PROCESS (2026 LATEST VERSION)
1. A patient is receiving medication via IV push. Which is the
priority nursing action?
A. Document after administration
B. Assess vitals only
C. Check for patency and verify dose
D. Apply restraints
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Before IV push medications, the nurse must ensure patency,
verify the correct drug, dose, and route to prevent
complications.
2. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient with
impaired mobility due to surgery?
A. Ineffective airway clearance
B. Risk for impaired physical mobility
C. Risk for infection
D. Anxiety
,2
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Postoperative patients with limited mobility are at risk for
complications like muscle atrophy or falls; nursing interventions
should address mobility needs.
3. The nurse identifies confusion and disorientation in a newly
admitted older adult. Priority action?
A. Give a sleeping pill
B. Assess for underlying cause (infection, medications,
hypoxia)
C. Restrain the patient
D. Document only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Acute confusion in older adults can indicate serious underlying
conditions, including infections, hypoxia, or medication effects.
4. Which action prevents hospital-acquired infections most
effectively?
A. Wearing gloves only during procedures
B. Hand hygiene before and after patient contact
,3
C. Using antibiotics prophylactically
D. Changing linen daily
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Proper hand hygiene is the single most effective method to
prevent HAIs.
5. A patient requires frequent turning to prevent pressure
injuries. Which intervention is correct?
A. Turn every 8 hours
B. Turn at least every 2 hours
C. Only turn when patient complains of pain
D. No turning is necessary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Frequent repositioning (every 2 hours) reduces pressure on
bony prominences, preventing skin breakdown.
6. During medication administration, a nurse verifies the “right
patient, right drug, right dose, right route, and right time”. This
is called:
, 4
A. Nursing process
B. Patient-centered care
C. Five Rights of Medication Administration
D. Infection control
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
The Five Rights are standard for safe medication administration
to prevent errors.
7. Which is the correct sequence for the nursing process?
A. Planning → Assessment → Implementation → Evaluation →
Diagnosis
B. Assessment → Diagnosis → Planning → Implementation →
Evaluation
C. Evaluation → Implementation → Planning → Assessment →
Diagnosis
D. Diagnosis → Assessment → Planning → Implementation →
Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
The nursing process follows: Assessment → Diagnosis →
Planning → Implementation → Evaluation (ADPIE).
