Biology 1450-001 Exam 2 Study Guide
Questions With Correct Answers
channels |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-facilitate |the |selective |diffusion |of |solutes |down |a |potential |
gradient. |They |are |like |pores |that |allow |only |specific |solutes |to |pass |through. |Channels |may |be
|"gated", |meaning |that |they |may |be |opened |or |closed |to |permit |or |restrict |solute |movement.
carriers |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-bind |to |specific |solutes |and |deliver |them |across |the |
membrane, |most |often |down |the |potential |gradient.
pumps |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-are |employed |to |drive |solute |transport |against |a |potential |
gradient. |The |energy |for |this |active |transport |must |come |from |some |other |source, |such |as |ATP
|or |other |solutes. |The |potential |is |"invested" |in |the |solute |that |is |moved |against |its |
potential.Specific |examples |that |we |saw |were |the |proton-pump |that |used |ATP, |and |
cotransport |(both |symport |and |antiport |mechanisms).
bulk |transport |processes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-deliver |or |capture |material |in |vesicles. |This |
is |the |means |by |which |exocytosis |and |endocytosis |occur.
selectively |permeable |membrane |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-can |impact |how |water |moves |into |
and |out |of |the |cell |in |different |environments.
hypotonic |environment |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-has |a |low |solute |concentration |relative |to |the
|inside |of |the |cell. |Water |will |enter |the |cell |spontaneously,
hypertonic |solution |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-water |will |be |drawn |out |from |the |cell
isotonic |conditions |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-there |is |no |net |water |movement |across |the |
membrane
, Chapter |8 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
catabolic |process |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |building |of |biological |molecules
anabolic |process |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |breaking |down |of |biological |molecules
energy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |capacity |to |do |work |that |can |be |seen |in |different |forms |
nd |the |potential |stored |in |biological |molecules |and |solutes |may |be |in |the |form |of |relative |
concentrations |or |it |may |be |stored |in |the |structure |of |the |molecule |itself, |(for |example, |if |it |
can |be |oxidized).
kinetic |energy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
potential |energy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
laws |of |thermodynamics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-describes |the |behavior |of |energy
first |law |of |thermodynamics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-states |that |energy |is |neither |created |nor |
destroyed; |it |can |however |change |its |form
second |law |of |thermodynamics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-states |that, |with |time, |the |entropy |of |
a |system |increases
entropy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |amount |of |disorder |and |non-useful |energy
Questions With Correct Answers
channels |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-facilitate |the |selective |diffusion |of |solutes |down |a |potential |
gradient. |They |are |like |pores |that |allow |only |specific |solutes |to |pass |through. |Channels |may |be
|"gated", |meaning |that |they |may |be |opened |or |closed |to |permit |or |restrict |solute |movement.
carriers |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-bind |to |specific |solutes |and |deliver |them |across |the |
membrane, |most |often |down |the |potential |gradient.
pumps |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-are |employed |to |drive |solute |transport |against |a |potential |
gradient. |The |energy |for |this |active |transport |must |come |from |some |other |source, |such |as |ATP
|or |other |solutes. |The |potential |is |"invested" |in |the |solute |that |is |moved |against |its |
potential.Specific |examples |that |we |saw |were |the |proton-pump |that |used |ATP, |and |
cotransport |(both |symport |and |antiport |mechanisms).
bulk |transport |processes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-deliver |or |capture |material |in |vesicles. |This |
is |the |means |by |which |exocytosis |and |endocytosis |occur.
selectively |permeable |membrane |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-can |impact |how |water |moves |into |
and |out |of |the |cell |in |different |environments.
hypotonic |environment |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-has |a |low |solute |concentration |relative |to |the
|inside |of |the |cell. |Water |will |enter |the |cell |spontaneously,
hypertonic |solution |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-water |will |be |drawn |out |from |the |cell
isotonic |conditions |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-there |is |no |net |water |movement |across |the |
membrane
, Chapter |8 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
catabolic |process |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |building |of |biological |molecules
anabolic |process |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |breaking |down |of |biological |molecules
energy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |capacity |to |do |work |that |can |be |seen |in |different |forms |
nd |the |potential |stored |in |biological |molecules |and |solutes |may |be |in |the |form |of |relative |
concentrations |or |it |may |be |stored |in |the |structure |of |the |molecule |itself, |(for |example, |if |it |
can |be |oxidized).
kinetic |energy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
potential |energy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
laws |of |thermodynamics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-describes |the |behavior |of |energy
first |law |of |thermodynamics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-states |that |energy |is |neither |created |nor |
destroyed; |it |can |however |change |its |form
second |law |of |thermodynamics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-states |that, |with |time, |the |entropy |of |
a |system |increases
entropy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |amount |of |disorder |and |non-useful |energy
