with Detailed Questions And correct
Answers (100% verified
answers)2025/2026||Graded A+
American Nurses Association (ANA):
❖ defines nursing as " the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and
abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the
diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of
individuals, families, communities, and populations". RN's Only
National League of Nurses (NLN):
❖ the NLN is an organization open to all people interested in nursing, including nurses,
non-nurses, and agencies, established in 1942, its objective is to foster the
development and improvement of all nursing services and nursing education.
Clara Barton
❖ red cross
Florence Nightingale:
❖ Defined nursing as both an art and a science, differentiated nursing from medicine,
created free standing nursing education; published books about nursing and health
care, is regarded as the founder of modern nursing.
Sister Callista Roy:
Page | 1
, ❖ Humans are biopsychosocial beings existing within environment. Needs are created
within interrelated adaptive modes: physiologic self-concept, role function, and
interdependence.
Four broad aims of nursing practice can be identified in the definitions of nursing:
1. To promote health
2. To prevent illness
3. To restore health
4. To facilitate health
Traditional Knowledge:
❖ is that part of nursing practice passed down from generation to generation.
Authoritative Knowledge:
❖ comes from an expert and is accepted as truth based on the persons perceived
expertise.
Scientific Knowledge:
❖ obtained through the scientific method (implying through research).
Quantitative Research:
❖ Concepts of basic and applied research. Basic Research, sometimes called pure or
laboratory research, is designed to generate and refine theory, and the findings are
often not directly useful in practice. Applied Research, also called practical
research, is designed to directly influence or improve clinical practice. (More of
Numbers)
Qualitative Research:
❖ method of research conducted to gain insight by discovering
meanings.(Explanation, words, and narrative)
Evidence Based Practice (EBP):
Page | 2