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NR 412 Exam -6 -Patho COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS WITH 100% RATED CORRECT ANSWERS | 2025/2026 LATEST UPDATE

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NR 412 Exam -6 -Patho COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS WITH 100% RATED CORRECT ANSWERS | 2025/2026 LATEST UPDATE

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NR 412 Exam #6 [Patho]


Kidneysdfunctionssd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ -Producessderythropoietin

-ConvertssdVitaminsdDsdtosditssdactivesdformsd(facilitatessdCa+sdabsorption)
-RespondssdtosdstimulisdfromsdADHsdtosdcausesdwatersdreabsorption


Whatsdissdincludedsdinsdthesduppersdurinarysdtract?sdLower?sd-sdcorrectsdanswer
✔ ✔ Upper:sdkidneyssdandsdthesdureters


Lower:sdbladdersdandsdhesdurethra


Functionsdofsdnephron?sd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ -
Responsiblesdforsdfilteringsdoutsdbloodsdtosdridsdthesdbodysdofsdwastessdandsdrea
bsorbssdsubstancessdthatsdthesdbodysdneeds
-Createssdfiltratesdwhichsdformssdurinesdforsdexcretion


Afferentsdarteriolesd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ -
Bringssdoxygensdricksdbloodsdtosdthesdbloodsdtosdthesdglomerulus
-Highsdpressure


2sdtypessdofsdcapillariessdinvolvedsdinsdkidneysdfiltrationsd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔
✔ -Glomerularsdcapillaries

,-Peritubularsdcapillaries


Efferentsdarteriolesd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ -
Helpsdcomprisesdarterialsdbloodsdsupplysdtosdothersdpartssdofsdthesdnephron
-Lowsdpressure


Peritubularsdcapillariessd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ -
Originatesdfromsdefferentsdarterioles
-Facilitatesdreabsorptionsdofsdwatersdandsdnutrientssdoursdbodysdneeds
-Excretionsdofsdwastessdorsdexcessivesdnutrientssdoursdbodysddoesn'tsdneed



Wheresddosdperitubularsdcapillariessdempty?sd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔
Inferiorsdvenasdcava


Specificsdgravity-sdwhatsddoessditsdmeasuresdandsdwhatssdthesdnormalsdrange?sd-
sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ -Measuresdofsdurinesdconcentration

Normal=sd1.010-1.025



NormalsdpHsdforsdurine?sd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ pH:sd4.6-8.0


-Mostsdbacteriasdfavorsdansdalkalinesdenvironment

, Whatsddoessdproteinsdinsdthesdurinesdindicatesdregardingsdkidneysdfunction?sd-
sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔
Proteinsdinsdthesdurinesdindicatessdabnormalsdglomerularsdpermeabilitysdsee
nsdwithsdmostsdkidneysddiseases


Whatsdissdthesdmostsdimportantsdmeasuresdofsdkidneysdfunction?sd-
sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ GlomerularsdFiltrationsdRatesd(GFR)


HowsddoessdasddecreasesdinsdrenalsdbloodsdflowsdaffectsdGFRsdandsdurinesdoutpu
t?sd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ GFRsdwillsddecrease,sdurinesdoutputsddeclines



BloodsdUreasdNitrogensd(BUN)sd-sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ Normal-sd8-
20sdmg/dL
-Nitrogenoussdwastessdthatsdaresdthesdendsdproductsdofsdproteinsdmetabolism
-
Valuessdaffectedsdbysdproteinsdintake,sdtissuesdbreakdown,sdGIsdbleeding,sdflui
dsdvolumesdchanges


InsdwhatsdpersonssddoessdlowsdBUN/creatinesdratiosdoccur?sdAsdhighsdone?sd-
sdcorrectsdanswer✔ ✔ Lowsd-
sdliversddisease,sdlowsdproteinsddiet,sdchronicsddialysis




High-sdHypovolemia,sddehydration

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