Pediatric ENT and Vision
Disorders: Strabismus,
Conjunctivitis, Otitis Media, and
Tonsillitis Verified Questions
Provided with A+ Graded
Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Strabismus
lack of coordination between extraocular muscles
lack of binocularity: eyes unable to simultaneously look at the same object, often referred to as
"cross-eyed".
Strabismus Nursing Points
normal finding for infants <4 months
treatment before 4-6 years is essential o avoid lifelong visual problems, amblyopia will occur if
untreated
amblyopia: "lazy eye," brain learns to ignore unfocused eye
Strabismus Assessment
tests used to detect strabismus: corneal light reflex test, cover test
eyes crossed or deviated
poor depth perception
squinting of eyes and tilting of head
binocular vision is lost without treatment
patient may see: single blurred image, or double image with one blurred
Strabismus Therapeutic Management
need a full eye exam
eyeglasses
eye patch: worn on the good eye to strengthen the weak eye.
vision therapy
surgery: if initial treatment was delayed
permanent loss of vision (amblyopia) may occur if untreated before 4-6 years
, Strabismus Nursing Concepts
sensory perception
human devleopment
Strabismus Patient Education
eye patch should be worn on the good eye
Conjuncitivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva
conjunctiva: outermost layer of the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids
Conjunctivitis Nursing Points
"pink eye"
highly contagious
caused by: newborn conjunctivitis, chlamydia, gonorrhoeae, HIV
childhood conjunctivitis: viral, bacterial, foreign body, allergic
Conjunctivitis Assessment
general: pink, reddish eye, eye pain, burning, itchiness, increased tears
specific: purulent discharge = bacterial, itching = allergic, watery discharge = viral
only 1 eye affected = foreign body
Conjunctivitis Therapeutic Management
keep eye clean: sweep secretions downward and outward
apply antibiotic eye drops or ointment after cleaning the eyes
Conjunctivitis Nursing Concepts
infection control
comfort
Conjunctivitis Patient Education
educate the patient on preventing the spread of infection: good hand hygiene, avoid sharing
linens, avoid school (public places) until they have taken antibiotics for 24 hours
instruct the patient on how to take eye drops and ointment: apply after cleaning the eye
contact lenses should not be worn
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Disorders: Strabismus,
Conjunctivitis, Otitis Media, and
Tonsillitis Verified Questions
Provided with A+ Graded
Rationales Latest Updated 2026
Strabismus
lack of coordination between extraocular muscles
lack of binocularity: eyes unable to simultaneously look at the same object, often referred to as
"cross-eyed".
Strabismus Nursing Points
normal finding for infants <4 months
treatment before 4-6 years is essential o avoid lifelong visual problems, amblyopia will occur if
untreated
amblyopia: "lazy eye," brain learns to ignore unfocused eye
Strabismus Assessment
tests used to detect strabismus: corneal light reflex test, cover test
eyes crossed or deviated
poor depth perception
squinting of eyes and tilting of head
binocular vision is lost without treatment
patient may see: single blurred image, or double image with one blurred
Strabismus Therapeutic Management
need a full eye exam
eyeglasses
eye patch: worn on the good eye to strengthen the weak eye.
vision therapy
surgery: if initial treatment was delayed
permanent loss of vision (amblyopia) may occur if untreated before 4-6 years
, Strabismus Nursing Concepts
sensory perception
human devleopment
Strabismus Patient Education
eye patch should be worn on the good eye
Conjuncitivitis
inflammation of the conjunctiva
conjunctiva: outermost layer of the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids
Conjunctivitis Nursing Points
"pink eye"
highly contagious
caused by: newborn conjunctivitis, chlamydia, gonorrhoeae, HIV
childhood conjunctivitis: viral, bacterial, foreign body, allergic
Conjunctivitis Assessment
general: pink, reddish eye, eye pain, burning, itchiness, increased tears
specific: purulent discharge = bacterial, itching = allergic, watery discharge = viral
only 1 eye affected = foreign body
Conjunctivitis Therapeutic Management
keep eye clean: sweep secretions downward and outward
apply antibiotic eye drops or ointment after cleaning the eyes
Conjunctivitis Nursing Concepts
infection control
comfort
Conjunctivitis Patient Education
educate the patient on preventing the spread of infection: good hand hygiene, avoid sharing
linens, avoid school (public places) until they have taken antibiotics for 24 hours
instruct the patient on how to take eye drops and ointment: apply after cleaning the eye
contact lenses should not be worn
Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
