Advanced Pharmacology (HSP) –
Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers | Comprehensive Pediatric &
Dosage Calculations Study Guide
Complete Verified Questions
Provided with A+ Graded Rationales
Latest Updated 2026
Why do many medications lack pediatric dosing information in their drug labeling?
A. The FDA does not allow pediatric dosing information in product labeling
B. There is a lack of evidence-based literature on the safe and effective use of medications in
children.
C. Most medications are not used in pediatric patients
D. Only products available as oral liquid formulations are required to contain pediatric dosing
information in their labeling.
A. The FDA does not allow pediatric dosing information in product labeling
Why are Neonates at greater risk for toxicity with highly protein-bound drugs?
A. Neonates are unable to metabolize these highly protein-bound drugs.
B. Protein binding is increased in neonates, making measurement of serum levels of the drug
inaccurate
C. Protein binding is decreased in neonates increasing the amount of free drug available.
D. The protein-bound drugs are not eliminated effectively in neonates
C. Protein binding is decreased in neonates increasing the amount of free drug available
At what age are adult levels of renal function achieved?
A. 6 months
B. 24 months
C. 3 years
D. 12 months
,D. 12 months
What is the most accurate device for measuring a 2.5 mL dose for a child?
A. An oral syringe
B. A medicine cup
C. A medication dropper
D. A household teaspoon
A. An oral syringe
Digoxin pediatric solution is available in a concentration of 50 mcg/mL. If a child weighs 10
pounds and has an order for 10 mcg/kg/day, how much should be dispensed for a 30 day
supply?
A. 35 mL
B. 40mL
C. 27 mL
D. 45 mL
C. 27 mL
You order cephalexin 375 by mouth Q 12 hours. If you are going to order the cephalexin 125
mg/ 5 mL, what instructions do you write on the sig?
A. Give 15 mL by mouth every twelve hours.
B. Give 5 mL by mouth every twelve hours
C. Give 10 mL by mouth every twelve hours
D. Give 8 mL by mouth every twelve hours
A. Give 15 mL by mouth every twelve hours.
You order cephalexin 375 by mouth Q 12 hours. If you are going to order the cephalexin 125
mg/ 5 mL, what instructions do you write on the sig? (15mL)
In the above scenario, how much suspension is needed for 10 days worth of medication?
A. 150 mL
B. 400 mL
C. 200 mL
D. 300 mL
,D. 300 mL
How do you help prevent medication errors?
A. Do not use a zero before a decimal point
B. Use zero after decimal point
C. Write out the term daily
D. Abbreviate every 12 hours to bid
C. Write out the term daily
In pediatric patients gastric acidity does not reach adult values for
A. 1 year
B. 3 years
C. 2 years
D. 4 years
C. 2 years
Nalidixic acid may cause _______in children
A. Staining of deciduous teeth
B. Cartilage erosion
C. Ligament tear
D. Tendon rupture
B. Cartilage erosion
You prescribe acetaminophen elixir OTC for a baby that weighs 12 lbs. Reference recommends
10/mg/kg/dose. Drug is available in an oral solution 160 mg/5mL. How many mLs would you
prescribe?
A. 2.5 mL
B. 2 mL
C. 1.7 mL
D. 3 mL
C. 1.7 mL
You are ordering cefaclor for a child 16 months old that weighs 15 kg. Reference recommends
a total daily dose of 40 mg/kg in divided doses q 12 hours. What is the dose?
, A. 200 mL
B. 250 mL
C. 150 mL
D. 300 mL
D. 300 mL
Altered absorption of drugs in the elderly may result in____drug response
A. delayed
B. increased
A. delayed
You have an elderly patient taking warfarin. You add another protein binding drug. Which of
the following statements is correct?
A. You will need to decrease dose of warfarin.
B. You will need to increase the dose of the warfarin
C. You will need to decrease the dose of the second drug.
D. You will need to increase the dose of the second drug.
A. You will need to decrease dose of warfarin.
In the elderly, the proper index of renal function is____.
A. BUN/Creatinine
B. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
C. Creatinine
B. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
What is the list that identifies drugs with a high likelihood of causing adverse effects in the
elderly?
A. Pharmacists list
B. No use list
C. Adverse drug list
D. Beers list
D. Beers list
Final Exam Review Questions &
Answers | Comprehensive Pediatric &
Dosage Calculations Study Guide
Complete Verified Questions
Provided with A+ Graded Rationales
Latest Updated 2026
Why do many medications lack pediatric dosing information in their drug labeling?
A. The FDA does not allow pediatric dosing information in product labeling
B. There is a lack of evidence-based literature on the safe and effective use of medications in
children.
C. Most medications are not used in pediatric patients
D. Only products available as oral liquid formulations are required to contain pediatric dosing
information in their labeling.
A. The FDA does not allow pediatric dosing information in product labeling
Why are Neonates at greater risk for toxicity with highly protein-bound drugs?
A. Neonates are unable to metabolize these highly protein-bound drugs.
B. Protein binding is increased in neonates, making measurement of serum levels of the drug
inaccurate
C. Protein binding is decreased in neonates increasing the amount of free drug available.
D. The protein-bound drugs are not eliminated effectively in neonates
C. Protein binding is decreased in neonates increasing the amount of free drug available
At what age are adult levels of renal function achieved?
A. 6 months
B. 24 months
C. 3 years
D. 12 months
,D. 12 months
What is the most accurate device for measuring a 2.5 mL dose for a child?
A. An oral syringe
B. A medicine cup
C. A medication dropper
D. A household teaspoon
A. An oral syringe
Digoxin pediatric solution is available in a concentration of 50 mcg/mL. If a child weighs 10
pounds and has an order for 10 mcg/kg/day, how much should be dispensed for a 30 day
supply?
A. 35 mL
B. 40mL
C. 27 mL
D. 45 mL
C. 27 mL
You order cephalexin 375 by mouth Q 12 hours. If you are going to order the cephalexin 125
mg/ 5 mL, what instructions do you write on the sig?
A. Give 15 mL by mouth every twelve hours.
B. Give 5 mL by mouth every twelve hours
C. Give 10 mL by mouth every twelve hours
D. Give 8 mL by mouth every twelve hours
A. Give 15 mL by mouth every twelve hours.
You order cephalexin 375 by mouth Q 12 hours. If you are going to order the cephalexin 125
mg/ 5 mL, what instructions do you write on the sig? (15mL)
In the above scenario, how much suspension is needed for 10 days worth of medication?
A. 150 mL
B. 400 mL
C. 200 mL
D. 300 mL
,D. 300 mL
How do you help prevent medication errors?
A. Do not use a zero before a decimal point
B. Use zero after decimal point
C. Write out the term daily
D. Abbreviate every 12 hours to bid
C. Write out the term daily
In pediatric patients gastric acidity does not reach adult values for
A. 1 year
B. 3 years
C. 2 years
D. 4 years
C. 2 years
Nalidixic acid may cause _______in children
A. Staining of deciduous teeth
B. Cartilage erosion
C. Ligament tear
D. Tendon rupture
B. Cartilage erosion
You prescribe acetaminophen elixir OTC for a baby that weighs 12 lbs. Reference recommends
10/mg/kg/dose. Drug is available in an oral solution 160 mg/5mL. How many mLs would you
prescribe?
A. 2.5 mL
B. 2 mL
C. 1.7 mL
D. 3 mL
C. 1.7 mL
You are ordering cefaclor for a child 16 months old that weighs 15 kg. Reference recommends
a total daily dose of 40 mg/kg in divided doses q 12 hours. What is the dose?
, A. 200 mL
B. 250 mL
C. 150 mL
D. 300 mL
D. 300 mL
Altered absorption of drugs in the elderly may result in____drug response
A. delayed
B. increased
A. delayed
You have an elderly patient taking warfarin. You add another protein binding drug. Which of
the following statements is correct?
A. You will need to decrease dose of warfarin.
B. You will need to increase the dose of the warfarin
C. You will need to decrease the dose of the second drug.
D. You will need to increase the dose of the second drug.
A. You will need to decrease dose of warfarin.
In the elderly, the proper index of renal function is____.
A. BUN/Creatinine
B. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
C. Creatinine
B. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
What is the list that identifies drugs with a high likelihood of causing adverse effects in the
elderly?
A. Pharmacists list
B. No use list
C. Adverse drug list
D. Beers list
D. Beers list
