1
Physio FINAL EXAM Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Already Graded A+
Homeostasis: Negative feedback Ans: the correction is
opposite in direction to the deviation
© 2026 Assignment
- Abundant in bodily processes
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- Promotes Stability
- Deviations are correct and come back to set point.
Homeostatic review of body temperature regulation and fever
setpoint changes-when do you expect chills? sweating?
Negative Feedback for thermoregulation Ans:
1.Thermoreceptors(sensory detectors)
2. Afferent Nerve Fibers(incoming)
3. Integration in posterior Hypothalamus
4. Efferent nerve fibers to effectors(outgoing)
5. Effectors: Tissues/organs self-correct
Homeostasis: Temp decreasing mechanisms? Ans: Sweating,
Vasodilation(blood vessels dilate), decreased heat production
(shivering inhibited)
, 2
Temp decreasing mechansim example: Ans: Stimulus:
Increased body temp—> Sent to sensor/control
center(thermostat in hypothalamus)—> Response: 1. Sweat 2.
Blood vessels dilate —> Body temp decreases —> Homeostasis
Temp increasing mechanisms Ans: Vasoconstriction(blood
vessels constrict), Increased Heat production(shivering,
chemical thermogenesis
Mechanism example for temp increasing mechanisms Ans:
Stimulus: Decreased body temp—> Sensor/control
© 2026 Assignment
center(thermostat in hypothalamus)—> response: 1. Blood
vessels constrict 2. Shivering—> Body temp increases —>
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Homeostasis.
Expert
Osmosis def Ans: Diffusion of water across semipermeable
membrane
Simple Diffusion def Ans: Movement of molecules from High
to Low
What is osmotic pressure? Ans: The force that would need to
be applied to oppose the osmosis in a closed system. ce that
would need to be applied to oppose the osmosis in a closed
system
What determines which side of a container separated by a
selectively permeable membrane will have
the higher osmotic pressure? Ans: The side with the most
amount of solute because osmotic pressure refers to the force
needed to oppose osmosis which is low to high.
What is MWCO? Ans: Molecular weight cutoffs, is the size of
the membrane that one of these solutes can go through.
, 3
• Glucose (180),
In facilitated transport, what determines the rate of transport
of solute molecules across the
membrane? Ans: the concentration difference between one
side of concentration and the other side as well as the number
of carriers.
Primary active transport- Uses Ans: ATP directly from low to
© 2026 Assignment
high
Facilitated diffusion (review Tmax!)- Ans: Carrier proteins are
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used to move molecules down
Expert
concentration gradient. If number of solute is too much for the
amount of carrier proteins to handle, plateau will occur
leading to Vmax then saturation then Tmax
diabetes mellitus: and what does it result in Ans: increased
resistance to the action of insulin and impaired suppression of
glucose production by the liver, resulting in both
hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia.
What molecule has the most important effect on capillary
colloid osmotic pressure? (hint: produces 75% of the pull on
fluid back into capillary vessels) Ans: Albumin 75% globulins
25%
Kwashiorkor, alcoholism, and liver cirrhosis can lead to Ans:
edema(swelling of the tissues).
Edema itself is caused by Ans: low plasma protein, plasma
fluid moves to interstitial space and then into the peritoneal
cavity. Due to no albumin being made
, 4
Disorders of thyroid:
Primary Hyperthyroidism: Ans: Graves disease, autoimmune
disorder caused by TSIs, which acts like TSH so still have
goiter.
Disorders of Thyroid:
Primary Hypothyroidism Ans: Hashimoto Thyroiditis,
antibodies attach thyroid
© 2026 Assignment
Disorders of Thyroid:
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Secondary Hyperthyroidism Ans: oversecreting pituitary
tumor
Disorders of Thyroid: secondary hypothyroidism Ans:
Undersecreting pituitary tumor
Disorders of Thyroid:
Gioter Ans: increased number and size of thyroid cells(high
TSH) Disorders of Adrenal
Disorders of Adrenal:
Primary Hypoadrenalism Ans: Addisons disease, Entire
adrenal gland is destroyed. Low aldosterone and low Dhea
Disorders of Adrenal:
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia CAH Ans: no effect or low
aldosterone and high DHEA. Deficiency of any enzymes for
cortisol production.
Physio FINAL EXAM Questions and
Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Already Graded A+
Homeostasis: Negative feedback Ans: the correction is
opposite in direction to the deviation
© 2026 Assignment
- Abundant in bodily processes
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
- Promotes Stability
- Deviations are correct and come back to set point.
Homeostatic review of body temperature regulation and fever
setpoint changes-when do you expect chills? sweating?
Negative Feedback for thermoregulation Ans:
1.Thermoreceptors(sensory detectors)
2. Afferent Nerve Fibers(incoming)
3. Integration in posterior Hypothalamus
4. Efferent nerve fibers to effectors(outgoing)
5. Effectors: Tissues/organs self-correct
Homeostasis: Temp decreasing mechanisms? Ans: Sweating,
Vasodilation(blood vessels dilate), decreased heat production
(shivering inhibited)
, 2
Temp decreasing mechansim example: Ans: Stimulus:
Increased body temp—> Sent to sensor/control
center(thermostat in hypothalamus)—> Response: 1. Sweat 2.
Blood vessels dilate —> Body temp decreases —> Homeostasis
Temp increasing mechanisms Ans: Vasoconstriction(blood
vessels constrict), Increased Heat production(shivering,
chemical thermogenesis
Mechanism example for temp increasing mechanisms Ans:
Stimulus: Decreased body temp—> Sensor/control
© 2026 Assignment
center(thermostat in hypothalamus)—> response: 1. Blood
vessels constrict 2. Shivering—> Body temp increases —>
Guru01 - Stuvia
Homeostasis.
Expert
Osmosis def Ans: Diffusion of water across semipermeable
membrane
Simple Diffusion def Ans: Movement of molecules from High
to Low
What is osmotic pressure? Ans: The force that would need to
be applied to oppose the osmosis in a closed system. ce that
would need to be applied to oppose the osmosis in a closed
system
What determines which side of a container separated by a
selectively permeable membrane will have
the higher osmotic pressure? Ans: The side with the most
amount of solute because osmotic pressure refers to the force
needed to oppose osmosis which is low to high.
What is MWCO? Ans: Molecular weight cutoffs, is the size of
the membrane that one of these solutes can go through.
, 3
• Glucose (180),
In facilitated transport, what determines the rate of transport
of solute molecules across the
membrane? Ans: the concentration difference between one
side of concentration and the other side as well as the number
of carriers.
Primary active transport- Uses Ans: ATP directly from low to
© 2026 Assignment
high
Facilitated diffusion (review Tmax!)- Ans: Carrier proteins are
Guru01 - Stuvia
used to move molecules down
Expert
concentration gradient. If number of solute is too much for the
amount of carrier proteins to handle, plateau will occur
leading to Vmax then saturation then Tmax
diabetes mellitus: and what does it result in Ans: increased
resistance to the action of insulin and impaired suppression of
glucose production by the liver, resulting in both
hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia.
What molecule has the most important effect on capillary
colloid osmotic pressure? (hint: produces 75% of the pull on
fluid back into capillary vessels) Ans: Albumin 75% globulins
25%
Kwashiorkor, alcoholism, and liver cirrhosis can lead to Ans:
edema(swelling of the tissues).
Edema itself is caused by Ans: low plasma protein, plasma
fluid moves to interstitial space and then into the peritoneal
cavity. Due to no albumin being made
, 4
Disorders of thyroid:
Primary Hyperthyroidism: Ans: Graves disease, autoimmune
disorder caused by TSIs, which acts like TSH so still have
goiter.
Disorders of Thyroid:
Primary Hypothyroidism Ans: Hashimoto Thyroiditis,
antibodies attach thyroid
© 2026 Assignment
Disorders of Thyroid:
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
Secondary Hyperthyroidism Ans: oversecreting pituitary
tumor
Disorders of Thyroid: secondary hypothyroidism Ans:
Undersecreting pituitary tumor
Disorders of Thyroid:
Gioter Ans: increased number and size of thyroid cells(high
TSH) Disorders of Adrenal
Disorders of Adrenal:
Primary Hypoadrenalism Ans: Addisons disease, Entire
adrenal gland is destroyed. Low aldosterone and low Dhea
Disorders of Adrenal:
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia CAH Ans: no effect or low
aldosterone and high DHEA. Deficiency of any enzymes for
cortisol production.
