1
Pharm Final (Complete) Questions
and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
Substances that share properties of both the solid and the
fluid states Ans: Semisolids
© 2026 Assignment
Are mainly intended for topical applications Ans: Semisolids
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
Ointments, Pastes, Creams, Lozenges, Gels, Medication sticks,
Suppositories Ans: Examples of semisolids
How many ways can drugs be absorbed trough the skin? Ans:
3
Intercellular (Paracellular, Between cells) Ans: Main skin
absorption route
Intracellular (Transcellular, Across cells) Ans: Other skin
absorption route
Shunt routes (partitioning into sweat or sebum/hair follicle)
Ans: Other skin absorption route
Types of drug delivery for the skin Ans: Topical, transdermal
The application of a formulation to the skin to treat a local
disorder; The intention is to retain the drug within the skin
Ans: Topical drug delivery
, 2
The application of a formulation to the skin to deliver a drug
to the systemic circulation Ans: Transdermal drug delivery
Molecular weight less than 500 g/mol Ans: Ideal drug
properties for skin permeation
Partition coefficient (log P) between 1 and 4 Ans: Ideal drug
properties for skin permeation
High potency* (small amount required to cause an effect) Ans:
© 2026 Assignment
Ideal drug properties for skin permeation
A measure of drug activity expressed in terms of the amount
Guru01 - Stuvia
required to produce an effect of given intensity Ans: Potency
Expert
Semisolid system consisting of small inorganic particles or
large organic molecules (=dispersed phase) and a liquid
(=dispersing medium) (usually water or alcohol) Ans: Gels
Dispersed phase molecules are distributed so that no apparent
boundaries exist between them and the liquid Ans: Single-
phase gels
Dispersed phase consists of floccules of small, distinct
particles, also called a magma or milk Ans: Two-phase gels
They are colloidal dispersions (contain particles of colloidal
dimension, 1-500 nm) Ans: Two-phase gels
Liquefy on contact with the skin, dry, and leave a thin film of
active medication (provides a cooling effect) Ans: Gels
Water Ans: Gel solvent
Alcohol Ans: Gel solvent
, 3
Propylene glycol Ans: Gel solvent
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) Ans: Gelling agent
Carbomer Ans: Gelling agent
Links together to form an interlaced network; Restricts
movement of the dispersing medium Ans: Gelling agent
Parabens (ex. methylparaben; propyl paraben) Ans:
© 2026 Assignment
Preservative
Guru01 - Stuvia
Semisolids that are more hydrophilic Ans: Gels
Expert
Semisolids that are more hydrophobic Ans: Ointments
Semisolids that are in-between hydrophilic and hydrophobic
Ans: Creams
Structured agents are present in smaller concentrations Ans:
Viscosity enhancer
Structured agents are present in higher concentrations Ans:
Gelling agent
Convenient way to administer semisolid dosage forms Ans:
Medication sticks
Can be used as local anesthetics, sunscreen, pain relievers and
muscle relaxants Ans: Medication sticks
Designed to deliver a constant and controlled dosage over
extended periods of time for systemic therapy via transdermal
delivery Ans: Transdermal Patches
, 4
Earlier, simpler type of transdermal patch Ans: Drug-in-
adhesive patch
More sophisticated type of transdermal patch Ans: Drug-in-
matrix patch
Best when treating dry skin conditions, such as psoriasis Ans:
Ointments
Best when treating wet or "weeping" skin lesions, such as
© 2026 Assignment
eczema or poison ivy Ans: Gels, creams
Best when covering large areas of the skin Ans: Creams
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
Allow greater penetration of the active ingredient in the topical
medication, whether it is an antibiotic, steroid, or anti-fungal
medication Ans: Ointments
Occlusive vehicles Ans: Hydrocarbon-based ointments
For hairy areas Ans: Gels
Will adhere to mucosal areas better Ans: Pastes
Are less irritating Ans: Ointments, creams
Are irritating Ans: Gels
Highly hydrophobic drugs will be easier to formulate in Ans:
Hydrocarbon-based ointments
Semisolid or solid oral dosage form designed to dissolve or
disintegrate slowly in the mouth Ans: Lozenges
Pharm Final (Complete) Questions
and Answers (100% Correct
Answers) Already Graded A+
Substances that share properties of both the solid and the
fluid states Ans: Semisolids
© 2026 Assignment
Are mainly intended for topical applications Ans: Semisolids
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
Ointments, Pastes, Creams, Lozenges, Gels, Medication sticks,
Suppositories Ans: Examples of semisolids
How many ways can drugs be absorbed trough the skin? Ans:
3
Intercellular (Paracellular, Between cells) Ans: Main skin
absorption route
Intracellular (Transcellular, Across cells) Ans: Other skin
absorption route
Shunt routes (partitioning into sweat or sebum/hair follicle)
Ans: Other skin absorption route
Types of drug delivery for the skin Ans: Topical, transdermal
The application of a formulation to the skin to treat a local
disorder; The intention is to retain the drug within the skin
Ans: Topical drug delivery
, 2
The application of a formulation to the skin to deliver a drug
to the systemic circulation Ans: Transdermal drug delivery
Molecular weight less than 500 g/mol Ans: Ideal drug
properties for skin permeation
Partition coefficient (log P) between 1 and 4 Ans: Ideal drug
properties for skin permeation
High potency* (small amount required to cause an effect) Ans:
© 2026 Assignment
Ideal drug properties for skin permeation
A measure of drug activity expressed in terms of the amount
Guru01 - Stuvia
required to produce an effect of given intensity Ans: Potency
Expert
Semisolid system consisting of small inorganic particles or
large organic molecules (=dispersed phase) and a liquid
(=dispersing medium) (usually water or alcohol) Ans: Gels
Dispersed phase molecules are distributed so that no apparent
boundaries exist between them and the liquid Ans: Single-
phase gels
Dispersed phase consists of floccules of small, distinct
particles, also called a magma or milk Ans: Two-phase gels
They are colloidal dispersions (contain particles of colloidal
dimension, 1-500 nm) Ans: Two-phase gels
Liquefy on contact with the skin, dry, and leave a thin film of
active medication (provides a cooling effect) Ans: Gels
Water Ans: Gel solvent
Alcohol Ans: Gel solvent
, 3
Propylene glycol Ans: Gel solvent
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) Ans: Gelling agent
Carbomer Ans: Gelling agent
Links together to form an interlaced network; Restricts
movement of the dispersing medium Ans: Gelling agent
Parabens (ex. methylparaben; propyl paraben) Ans:
© 2026 Assignment
Preservative
Guru01 - Stuvia
Semisolids that are more hydrophilic Ans: Gels
Expert
Semisolids that are more hydrophobic Ans: Ointments
Semisolids that are in-between hydrophilic and hydrophobic
Ans: Creams
Structured agents are present in smaller concentrations Ans:
Viscosity enhancer
Structured agents are present in higher concentrations Ans:
Gelling agent
Convenient way to administer semisolid dosage forms Ans:
Medication sticks
Can be used as local anesthetics, sunscreen, pain relievers and
muscle relaxants Ans: Medication sticks
Designed to deliver a constant and controlled dosage over
extended periods of time for systemic therapy via transdermal
delivery Ans: Transdermal Patches
, 4
Earlier, simpler type of transdermal patch Ans: Drug-in-
adhesive patch
More sophisticated type of transdermal patch Ans: Drug-in-
matrix patch
Best when treating dry skin conditions, such as psoriasis Ans:
Ointments
Best when treating wet or "weeping" skin lesions, such as
© 2026 Assignment
eczema or poison ivy Ans: Gels, creams
Best when covering large areas of the skin Ans: Creams
Guru01 - Stuvia
Expert
Allow greater penetration of the active ingredient in the topical
medication, whether it is an antibiotic, steroid, or anti-fungal
medication Ans: Ointments
Occlusive vehicles Ans: Hydrocarbon-based ointments
For hairy areas Ans: Gels
Will adhere to mucosal areas better Ans: Pastes
Are less irritating Ans: Ointments, creams
Are irritating Ans: Gels
Highly hydrophobic drugs will be easier to formulate in Ans:
Hydrocarbon-based ointments
Semisolid or solid oral dosage form designed to dissolve or
disintegrate slowly in the mouth Ans: Lozenges
