CMIT 321 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE AND FULL
ANSWER EXPLANATIONS 2026
◉ IP Address. Answer: An Internet Protocol address; the address
that every computer needs when it connects to the Internet; IP
addresses are 32 bits long
◉ Cloud Computing. Answer: Service in which computer service in
the form of hardware, applications, or other resources is provided to
a customer for a fee. Frees the customer from having to provide the
resources to its employees or customers.
◉ Data Link. Answer: The path that a frame takes across a single
network (LAN or WAN)
◉ Standards. Answer: A rule of operation that allows two hardware
or software processes to work together. Standards normally govern
the exchange of messages between to entities.
◉ Packet Switching. Answer: The breaking of conversations into
short messages (typically a few hundred bits long); allows
multiplexing on trunk lines to reduce trunk line costs.
, ◉ Physical Link. Answer: A connection linking adjacent devices on a
network
◉ Route. Answer: The path that a packet takes across an internet.
◉ Protocol. Answer: another name for standard
◉ Syntax. Answer: In a message exchange, how messages are
organized.
◉ Trailer. Answer: The part of the message that comes after the data
field.
◉ Semantics. Answer: In message exchange, the meaning of each
message.
◉ Header. Answer: The part of a message that comes before the data
field.
◉ Work-group switch. Answer: A switch to which stations connect
directly.
◉ Ethernet. Answer: The dominant wired LAN standard. Now being
used for metropolitan and wide area networking.
ANSWER EXPLANATIONS 2026
◉ IP Address. Answer: An Internet Protocol address; the address
that every computer needs when it connects to the Internet; IP
addresses are 32 bits long
◉ Cloud Computing. Answer: Service in which computer service in
the form of hardware, applications, or other resources is provided to
a customer for a fee. Frees the customer from having to provide the
resources to its employees or customers.
◉ Data Link. Answer: The path that a frame takes across a single
network (LAN or WAN)
◉ Standards. Answer: A rule of operation that allows two hardware
or software processes to work together. Standards normally govern
the exchange of messages between to entities.
◉ Packet Switching. Answer: The breaking of conversations into
short messages (typically a few hundred bits long); allows
multiplexing on trunk lines to reduce trunk line costs.
, ◉ Physical Link. Answer: A connection linking adjacent devices on a
network
◉ Route. Answer: The path that a packet takes across an internet.
◉ Protocol. Answer: another name for standard
◉ Syntax. Answer: In a message exchange, how messages are
organized.
◉ Trailer. Answer: The part of the message that comes after the data
field.
◉ Semantics. Answer: In message exchange, the meaning of each
message.
◉ Header. Answer: The part of a message that comes before the data
field.
◉ Work-group switch. Answer: A switch to which stations connect
directly.
◉ Ethernet. Answer: The dominant wired LAN standard. Now being
used for metropolitan and wide area networking.
