PHIL 2306 Week 2 Exam /PHIL 2306 Week 2 Exam Questions And Answers (Grade A)

PHIL 2306 Week 2 Exam • Question 1 According to the Ethical Egoist, performing an action in order to benefit someone else when you could have benefitted yourself is: Answer s: 1. wrong . 2. right. 3. neithe r. • Question 2 What does the Divine Command Theory state? Answer s: 1. God commands some actions because they are good 2. Actions are good because God commands them 3. God did not create morality 4. God cannot create morality • Question 3 According to hedonism, pain is always . Answer s: 1. instrumentally bad 2. intrinsically bad 3. both 1 and 2 4. Neither 1 nor 2 • Question 4 If you think that God exists but does not give us any moral commands, you are a: Selected Answer: 4. deist Answers: 1. theist 2. atheist 3. agnost ic 4. deist • Question 5 According to Mill, happiness and pleasure are the same thing. Answer s: Tru e False • Question 6 What is the difference between psychological egoism and ethical egoism? Selected Answer: 2. Psychological egoism is a descriptive theory, ethical egoism is not. Answers: 1. Ethical egoism argues that altruism is impossible, psychological egoism does not. 2. Psychological egoism is a descriptive theory, ethical egoism is not. 3. Psychological egoism argues that one ought be selfish, ethical egoism does not. 4. Ethical egoism is a descriptive theory, psychological egoism is not. • Question 7 Which one of the following is a problem for Ethical Egoism? Selected Answer: 4. All of the above. Answers: 1. It violates our core moral beliefs. 2. It arbitrarily assigns priority to self-interest. 3. It is incompatible with the existence of moral rights. 4. All of the above. • Question 8 If psychological egoism is true, then you do not have a duty to be altruistic. Selected Answer: Tru e Answers: Tru e False • Question 9 If Ethical Egoism is true, then Psychological Egoism must be true. Selected Answer: Fals e Answers: True Fals e • Question 10 One problem with the desire satisfaction theory is the problem of the ignorance of desire satisfaction. Selected Answer: Tru e Answers: Tru e False • Question 11 Why, according to Nozick, would we choose not to enter the experience machine? Selected Answer: 2. Because we want to be certain kinds of people (and not just experience being certain kinds of people). Answers: 1. Because entering the machine would amount to death. 2. Because we want to be certain kinds of people (and not just experience being certain kinds of people). 3. Because the machine cannot make us happy. 4. Because being in the machine might make us unhappy. • Question 12 What does Nozick attempt to prove with the "experience machine"? Answer s: 1. Pleasure is not an intrinsic good. 2. Pleasure is not the only intrinsic good. 3. Hedonism is true. 4. The desire theory is incomplete. 5. None of the above. • Question 13 One problem with the desire satisfaction theory is the problem of impoverished desires. Selected Answer: Tru e Answers: Tru e False • Question 14 Which of the following is impossible, according to psychological egoism? Selected Answer: 4. Acting to benefit others for the sake of others. Answers: 1. Acting to benefit oneself. 2. Acting to benefit others for the sake of oneself. 3. Giving up some present benefit for the sake of a future benefit. 4. Acting to benefit others for the sake of others. • Question 15 According to hedonism, which one of the following people has been harmed? Answer s: 1. The person who cries because they cut their finger. 2. The person who dies in their sleep. 3. Both 1) and 2) 4. None of the above. • Question 16 According to the desire satisfaction theory, getting what you want is: Selected Answer: 2. necessary and sufficient for leading a good life. Answers: 1. sufficient but not necessary for leading a good life. 2. necessary and sufficient for leading a good life. 3. necessary but not sufficient for leading a good life. 4. necessary for leading a happy life. • Question 17 If the Divine Command Theory is true, then God could have commanded us to kill innocent people. Selected Answer: Tru e Answers: Tru e False • Question 18 According to Plato’s "Euthyphro Argument": Selected Answer: 4. None of the above Answers: 1. God does not exist 2. God is imperfect 3. the Divine Command Theory is true 4. None of the above • Question 19 What is the difference between a selfish action and an altruistic action? Selected Answer: 4. None of the above. Answers: 1. In the case of a selfish action, the actor's strongest desire is to perform the action. In the case of an altruistic action, the actor's strongest desire is to do something else. 2. In the case of a selfish action, the actor expects to benefit from the action. In the case of an altruistic action, the actor does not expect to benefit from the action. 3. In the case of a selfish action, the actor's wellbeing improves because of the action. In the case of an altruistic action, the actor suffers as a result of the action. 4. None of the above. • Question 20 According to psychological egoism, which one of these actions is possible? Selected Answer: 2. You donate money to the Music Dept. at UTEP because you want an auditorium to be named after you. Answers: 1. You jump on the grenade because it will save the lives of your comrades. 2. You donate money to the Music Dept. at UTEP because you want an auditorium to be named after you. 3. You chase down a purse-snatcher because the victim wants her purse back. 4. You help Grandma cross the busy street because it is a safer way for her to cross. • Question 21 What kinds of claims tells us how things ought to be? Selected Answer: 2. Normative claims. Answers: 1. Scientific claims. 2. Normative claims. 3. Descriptive claims. 4. None of the above. • Question 22 What is the problem with the assumption that religious belief is needed for moral motivation? Selected Answer: 2. Religious belief is the wrong kind of motivation for moral action. Answers: 1. Psychological egoism is true. 2. Religious belief is the wrong kind of motivation for moral action. 3. God does not exist. 4. No one knows what God's will is. • Question 23 According to Psychological Egoism, when I donate my money to someone in need, I am doing so because I want to: Answer s: 1. benefit that person. 2. benefit that person and myself. 3. benefit myself. 4. None of the above. • Question 24 Which of the following is required if we are to be justified in relying on religion for moral guidance? Selected Answer: 4. All of the above Answers: 1. We must have good reason to believe in God 2. We must have a way of selecting which religious text is the correct one 3. We must have a way of accurately interpreting our chosen religious text 4. All of the above • Question 25 According to the Libetarian Argument in favor of ethical egoism, there are two sources of moral duty. What are they? Selected Answer: 4. Consent and Reparation Answers: 1. Consent and Free Will 2. Reparation and Justice 3. Respect and Consent 4. Consent and Reparation