PATIENT MANAGEMENT NBDE PART 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
DISORDERS/SYNDROMES
What causes problems in babies in embryo? Teratogens (Any agent that can disturb the development of an
-Carcinogen embryo or fetus);
-Teratogens
Definition of teratogen Any agent that can disturb the development of an embryo or
fetus. Teratogens may cause a birth defect in the child. Or a
teratogen may halt the pregnancy outright.
MUSCLE DYSTROPHY Muscular dystrophy: group of muscle diseases that weaken
the musculoskeletal system & hamper locomotion.
Characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness,
defects in muscle proteins, and the death of muscle cells and
tissue.
- Muscular dystrophy: muscle weakness, “long face” which is
characterized by a lower vertical facial height and open bite/
Muscle dystrophy; after a local anesthetic Lidocaine toxicity
is most likely due to?
-Lidocaine toxicity
-Increase duration of action
-Increase onset
-Can’t be supine
Pt w/ muscular dystrophy condition: Lower face with open bite
What can be seen on a patient with muscle Lower face with open bite
weakness of the face?
-Cross bite
-Buccal tilting of molars
-Long upper face
-Lower face with open bite
, Considerations for muscular dystrophy: Weakness of muscles of mastication
-Increase in dental disease if OHI is (decrease biting force, open mouth breathing)
neglected
-A weakness of muscles of mastication
ADDISON’S DISEASE & OTHER ADRENAL Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency/ Random
DIEASES fact: Kennedy had it!): a chronic endocrine disorder, adrenal
glands do not produce enough steroid hormones (too little
cortisol & sometimes, insufficient aldosterone).
- Symptoms generally come slowly & include abdominal pain,
weakness, skin darkening, and weight loss.
- Adrenal crisis may occur with low blood pressure, vomiting,
lower back pain, and loss of consciousness. An adrenal crisis
can be triggered by stress, such as from an injury, surgery, or
infection.
- Tx: give cortisol
Acute adrenal insufficiency: Hypotension
What Addison disease causes: Pigmentation of the mucosa
Addison’s shows up as what in the oral Pigmentation on buccal mucosa
cavity?
What clinical symptoms in the mouth would Hyperpigmentation
you see for Addison's disease?
Pheochromocytoma: neuroendocrine tumor Excess catecholamines (ex. epi)
in medulla of adrenal gland
CEREBRAL PALSY: Cerebral palsy (CP): group of permanent central
motor/movement disorders that appear in early childhood,
caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of
the brain that control movement, balance, muscle tone, and
posture.
Signs and symptoms vary & include: poor coordination, stiff
muscles, weak muscles, and tremors. Other problems w/
sensation, vision, hearing, swallowing, and speaking
Questions and CORRECT Answers
DISORDERS/SYNDROMES
What causes problems in babies in embryo? Teratogens (Any agent that can disturb the development of an
-Carcinogen embryo or fetus);
-Teratogens
Definition of teratogen Any agent that can disturb the development of an embryo or
fetus. Teratogens may cause a birth defect in the child. Or a
teratogen may halt the pregnancy outright.
MUSCLE DYSTROPHY Muscular dystrophy: group of muscle diseases that weaken
the musculoskeletal system & hamper locomotion.
Characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness,
defects in muscle proteins, and the death of muscle cells and
tissue.
- Muscular dystrophy: muscle weakness, “long face” which is
characterized by a lower vertical facial height and open bite/
Muscle dystrophy; after a local anesthetic Lidocaine toxicity
is most likely due to?
-Lidocaine toxicity
-Increase duration of action
-Increase onset
-Can’t be supine
Pt w/ muscular dystrophy condition: Lower face with open bite
What can be seen on a patient with muscle Lower face with open bite
weakness of the face?
-Cross bite
-Buccal tilting of molars
-Long upper face
-Lower face with open bite
, Considerations for muscular dystrophy: Weakness of muscles of mastication
-Increase in dental disease if OHI is (decrease biting force, open mouth breathing)
neglected
-A weakness of muscles of mastication
ADDISON’S DISEASE & OTHER ADRENAL Addison's disease (primary adrenal insufficiency/ Random
DIEASES fact: Kennedy had it!): a chronic endocrine disorder, adrenal
glands do not produce enough steroid hormones (too little
cortisol & sometimes, insufficient aldosterone).
- Symptoms generally come slowly & include abdominal pain,
weakness, skin darkening, and weight loss.
- Adrenal crisis may occur with low blood pressure, vomiting,
lower back pain, and loss of consciousness. An adrenal crisis
can be triggered by stress, such as from an injury, surgery, or
infection.
- Tx: give cortisol
Acute adrenal insufficiency: Hypotension
What Addison disease causes: Pigmentation of the mucosa
Addison’s shows up as what in the oral Pigmentation on buccal mucosa
cavity?
What clinical symptoms in the mouth would Hyperpigmentation
you see for Addison's disease?
Pheochromocytoma: neuroendocrine tumor Excess catecholamines (ex. epi)
in medulla of adrenal gland
CEREBRAL PALSY: Cerebral palsy (CP): group of permanent central
motor/movement disorders that appear in early childhood,
caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of
the brain that control movement, balance, muscle tone, and
posture.
Signs and symptoms vary & include: poor coordination, stiff
muscles, weak muscles, and tremors. Other problems w/
sensation, vision, hearing, swallowing, and speaking
