Analyzing Sentence Structure: Functions, Constituents,
and Hierarchies in English Syntax with questions and
correct answers 2026
What is a noun phrase? - ANSWERA noun phrase is a phrase that has a noun (or pronoun) as its head
and can include modifiers.
What is a verb phrase? - ANSWERA verb phrase consists of a main verb and its complements, objects, or
modifiers.
What are transitive verbs? - ANSWERTransitive verbs require a direct object to complete their meaning.
What are intransitive verbs? - ANSWERIntransitive verbs do not require a direct object to complete their
meaning.
What are ditransitive verbs? - ANSWERDitransitive verbs take two objects: a direct object and an
indirect object.
What are intensive verbs? - ANSWERIntensive verbs link the subject to a subject complement, often
describing the subject.
What are complex transitive verbs? - ANSWERComplex transitive verbs require a direct object and a
complement.
What are prepositional verbs? - ANSWERPrepositional verbs are verbs that are followed by a
preposition.
,What is the head-complement relation? - ANSWERThe head-complement relation describes how the
head of a phrase is modified or completed by its complements.
What is the modifier-head relation? - ANSWERThe modifier-head relation describes how modifiers
provide additional information about the head.
What are adjunct adverbials? - ANSWERAdjunct adverbials are optional elements in a sentence that
provide additional information about the verb.
What are phrasal verbs? - ANSWERPhrasal verbs are verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs that
create a new meaning.
What is ellipsis in grammar? - ANSWEREllipsis is the omission of a word or words that are understood
from the context.
What are sentence adverbials? - ANSWERSentence adverbials modify the entire sentence, providing
context such as time, manner, or place.
What is the difference between lexical and auxiliary verbs? - ANSWERLexical verbs carry meaning, while
auxiliary verbs help form tenses, moods, and voices.
What are modal auxiliaries? - ANSWERModal auxiliaries are auxiliary verbs that express necessity,
possibility, permission, or ability.
What is the perfect auxiliary? - ANSWERThe perfect auxiliary 'have' is used to form perfect tenses.
What is the progressive auxiliary? - ANSWERThe progressive auxiliary 'be' is used to form progressive
tenses.
What is the passive auxiliary? - ANSWERThe passive auxiliary 'be' is used to form passive voice
constructions.
, What are determiners? - ANSWERDeterminers are words that introduce noun phrases and specify
reference.
What are pre-determiners? - ANSWERPre-determiners are words that come before determiners to
provide additional specification.
What are quantifying adjectives? - ANSWERQuantifying adjectives indicate quantity or amount.
What are participle phrases? - ANSWERParticiple phrases are verb phrases that include a participle and
its complements or modifiers.
What are non-finite clauses? - ANSWERNon-finite clauses are clauses that contain a verb in a non-finite
form (e.g., infinitive, gerund).
What is a complementiser? - ANSWERA complementiser is a word that introduces a complement clause,
such as 'that' or 'whether'.
What is a restrictive clause? - ANSWERA restrictive clause provides essential information about a noun
and cannot be removed without altering the meaning.
What is a non-restrictive clause? - ANSWERA non-restrictive clause adds extra information about a noun
but can be removed without changing the sentence's meaning.
What is the function of wh-clauses? - ANSWERWh-clauses are used to form questions or relative clauses.
What is the structure of noun phrases? - ANSWERNoun phrases can include determiners, modifiers, and
the noun itself.
What is the role of auxiliaries in verb phrases? - ANSWERAuxiliaries take a VP complement, forming a
basic VP with lexical verbs.
and Hierarchies in English Syntax with questions and
correct answers 2026
What is a noun phrase? - ANSWERA noun phrase is a phrase that has a noun (or pronoun) as its head
and can include modifiers.
What is a verb phrase? - ANSWERA verb phrase consists of a main verb and its complements, objects, or
modifiers.
What are transitive verbs? - ANSWERTransitive verbs require a direct object to complete their meaning.
What are intransitive verbs? - ANSWERIntransitive verbs do not require a direct object to complete their
meaning.
What are ditransitive verbs? - ANSWERDitransitive verbs take two objects: a direct object and an
indirect object.
What are intensive verbs? - ANSWERIntensive verbs link the subject to a subject complement, often
describing the subject.
What are complex transitive verbs? - ANSWERComplex transitive verbs require a direct object and a
complement.
What are prepositional verbs? - ANSWERPrepositional verbs are verbs that are followed by a
preposition.
,What is the head-complement relation? - ANSWERThe head-complement relation describes how the
head of a phrase is modified or completed by its complements.
What is the modifier-head relation? - ANSWERThe modifier-head relation describes how modifiers
provide additional information about the head.
What are adjunct adverbials? - ANSWERAdjunct adverbials are optional elements in a sentence that
provide additional information about the verb.
What are phrasal verbs? - ANSWERPhrasal verbs are verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs that
create a new meaning.
What is ellipsis in grammar? - ANSWEREllipsis is the omission of a word or words that are understood
from the context.
What are sentence adverbials? - ANSWERSentence adverbials modify the entire sentence, providing
context such as time, manner, or place.
What is the difference between lexical and auxiliary verbs? - ANSWERLexical verbs carry meaning, while
auxiliary verbs help form tenses, moods, and voices.
What are modal auxiliaries? - ANSWERModal auxiliaries are auxiliary verbs that express necessity,
possibility, permission, or ability.
What is the perfect auxiliary? - ANSWERThe perfect auxiliary 'have' is used to form perfect tenses.
What is the progressive auxiliary? - ANSWERThe progressive auxiliary 'be' is used to form progressive
tenses.
What is the passive auxiliary? - ANSWERThe passive auxiliary 'be' is used to form passive voice
constructions.
, What are determiners? - ANSWERDeterminers are words that introduce noun phrases and specify
reference.
What are pre-determiners? - ANSWERPre-determiners are words that come before determiners to
provide additional specification.
What are quantifying adjectives? - ANSWERQuantifying adjectives indicate quantity or amount.
What are participle phrases? - ANSWERParticiple phrases are verb phrases that include a participle and
its complements or modifiers.
What are non-finite clauses? - ANSWERNon-finite clauses are clauses that contain a verb in a non-finite
form (e.g., infinitive, gerund).
What is a complementiser? - ANSWERA complementiser is a word that introduces a complement clause,
such as 'that' or 'whether'.
What is a restrictive clause? - ANSWERA restrictive clause provides essential information about a noun
and cannot be removed without altering the meaning.
What is a non-restrictive clause? - ANSWERA non-restrictive clause adds extra information about a noun
but can be removed without changing the sentence's meaning.
What is the function of wh-clauses? - ANSWERWh-clauses are used to form questions or relative clauses.
What is the structure of noun phrases? - ANSWERNoun phrases can include determiners, modifiers, and
the noun itself.
What is the role of auxiliaries in verb phrases? - ANSWERAuxiliaries take a VP complement, forming a
basic VP with lexical verbs.
