2026 LATEST- PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231 / BIOD 331
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY – FINAL EXAM & MODULE 1–10 EXAMS |
ALL VERSIONS | UPDATED | GUARANTEED PASS | A+
WHAT ARE THE NORMAL'S FOR THE FOLLOWING LABS
1) URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY
2) SERUM OSMOLALITY
3) ABG (PH, HCO3, PACO2, PAO2)
4) TROPONIN I
5) ELECTROLYTE PANEL( NA+, K+, CA+, MG+)
6) BUN & CREATININE
7) CBC ( HGB, HCT, RBC, WBC, PLATELETS)
CORRECT ANS: 1) 1.000-1.030
2) 270-300
3) PH 7.35-7.45// HC03 22-26// PACO2 35-45// PA02 80-100
4) TROPONIN I <0.03 NG/ML
5) NA+ 135-145//K+ 3.5-5// CA+ 9-10.5//MG+ 1.2-2
6) BUN 10-20//CREAT 0.5-1.2
7) HGB 12-18// HCT 37-52%// RBC 4.2-6.1// WBC 5,000-10,000// PLATELETS 150,000-400,000
MATCH THE LAB PROFILE WITH THE MOST LIKELY FLUID IMBALANCE LIKE A) FLUID VOLUME
DEFICIT 2) FLUID VOLUME EXCESS
1) ____NA 148; HCT 40% YESTERDAY, 49% TODAY; SERUM OSMOLARITY 308
2) ____HGB 13.2 YESTERDAY, 10.1 TODAY; URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.001
3) ____BUN 45; CR 0.7
CORRECT ANS: 1) A
, 2) B
3) A
THE NURSE IS PREPARING TO ADMINISTER LISINOPRIL (ZESTRIL) TO A PATIENT WITH ACUTE
CORONARY SYNDROME. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FINDINGS SHOULD PROMPT THE NURSE
TO HOLD THE MEDICATION AND CONSULT THE HEALTHCARE PROVIDER?
A) SERUM SODIUM LEVEL 134
B) SERUM POTASSIUM 5.6
C) HEART RATE 58
D) BLOOD PRESSURE 125/78
CORRECT ANS: B) SERUM POTASSIUM 5.6
*ACE INHIBITORS CAN CAUSE/EXACERBATE HYPERKALEMIA.
THE NURSE IS CARING FOR A PATIENT WHO IS IN HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK FOLLOWING AN
EXTENSIVE BURN INJURY. WHAT IS THE INTRAVENOUS FLUID OF CHOICE FOR THIS PATIENT IN
THE EMERGENT PHASE OF TREATMENT?
A) LACTATED RINGERS
B) 0.45 NS WITH 20 MEQ POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
C) FRESH FROZEN PLASMA
D) 5% DEXTROSE IN SALINE
CORRECT ANS: A) LACTATED RINGERS
*ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS (CRYSTALLOIDS) ARE USED TO RESTORE FLUID VOLUME IN PATIENTS
WITH SHOCK. LACTATED RINGERS IS ISOTONIC. NORMAL SALINE IS ALSO ISOTONIC.
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY – FINAL EXAM & MODULE 1–10 EXAMS |
ALL VERSIONS | UPDATED | GUARANTEED PASS | A+
WHAT ARE THE NORMAL'S FOR THE FOLLOWING LABS
1) URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY
2) SERUM OSMOLALITY
3) ABG (PH, HCO3, PACO2, PAO2)
4) TROPONIN I
5) ELECTROLYTE PANEL( NA+, K+, CA+, MG+)
6) BUN & CREATININE
7) CBC ( HGB, HCT, RBC, WBC, PLATELETS)
CORRECT ANS: 1) 1.000-1.030
2) 270-300
3) PH 7.35-7.45// HC03 22-26// PACO2 35-45// PA02 80-100
4) TROPONIN I <0.03 NG/ML
5) NA+ 135-145//K+ 3.5-5// CA+ 9-10.5//MG+ 1.2-2
6) BUN 10-20//CREAT 0.5-1.2
7) HGB 12-18// HCT 37-52%// RBC 4.2-6.1// WBC 5,000-10,000// PLATELETS 150,000-400,000
MATCH THE LAB PROFILE WITH THE MOST LIKELY FLUID IMBALANCE LIKE A) FLUID VOLUME
DEFICIT 2) FLUID VOLUME EXCESS
1) ____NA 148; HCT 40% YESTERDAY, 49% TODAY; SERUM OSMOLARITY 308
2) ____HGB 13.2 YESTERDAY, 10.1 TODAY; URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY 1.001
3) ____BUN 45; CR 0.7
CORRECT ANS: 1) A
, 2) B
3) A
THE NURSE IS PREPARING TO ADMINISTER LISINOPRIL (ZESTRIL) TO A PATIENT WITH ACUTE
CORONARY SYNDROME. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FINDINGS SHOULD PROMPT THE NURSE
TO HOLD THE MEDICATION AND CONSULT THE HEALTHCARE PROVIDER?
A) SERUM SODIUM LEVEL 134
B) SERUM POTASSIUM 5.6
C) HEART RATE 58
D) BLOOD PRESSURE 125/78
CORRECT ANS: B) SERUM POTASSIUM 5.6
*ACE INHIBITORS CAN CAUSE/EXACERBATE HYPERKALEMIA.
THE NURSE IS CARING FOR A PATIENT WHO IS IN HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK FOLLOWING AN
EXTENSIVE BURN INJURY. WHAT IS THE INTRAVENOUS FLUID OF CHOICE FOR THIS PATIENT IN
THE EMERGENT PHASE OF TREATMENT?
A) LACTATED RINGERS
B) 0.45 NS WITH 20 MEQ POTASSIUM CHLORIDE
C) FRESH FROZEN PLASMA
D) 5% DEXTROSE IN SALINE
CORRECT ANS: A) LACTATED RINGERS
*ISOTONIC SOLUTIONS (CRYSTALLOIDS) ARE USED TO RESTORE FLUID VOLUME IN PATIENTS
WITH SHOCK. LACTATED RINGERS IS ISOTONIC. NORMAL SALINE IS ALSO ISOTONIC.
