PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+
TEST BANK 2 FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
HESI VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES GRADED
A+ GUARANTEED PASS UPDATED
VERSION
1. A nurse recalls that neural systems basic to cognitive functions include _____ systems.
(select
all that apply)
a. attentional
b. memory and language
c. affective
d. sensory and motor
e. tactile
ANS: A, B, C
The neural systems that are essential to cognitive function are: (i) attentional systems that
provide arousal and maintenance of attention over time; (ii) memory and language systems
by
which information is communicated; and (iii) affective or emotive systems that mediate
mood,
emotion, and intention. The sensory, motor, and somatic systems are not involved. The tactile
system is not involved in cognitive functioning.
REF: p. 359
A+ TEST BANK 1
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+
2. The nurse is explaining clinical manifestations of alterations in the extrapyramidal system.
The nurse would correctly include: (select all that apply)
a. little or no paralysis of voluntary movement.
b. normal or slightly increased tendon reflexes.
c. positive (present) Babinski.
d. presence of tremor.
e. rigidity in muscle tone.
ANS: A, B, D, E
The patient will experience little or no paralysis of voluntary movement. The patient will
experience normal or slightly increased deep tendon reflexes. Babinski will be negative
(absent). Tremor will be present. Rigidity of muscle tone occurs intermittently.
REF: p. 386, Table 15-19
When a patient asks what the somatic nervous system controls, how should the nurse
respond?
It controls:
a. the heart.
b. the spinal cord.
c. skeletal muscle.
d. smooth muscle organs.
ANS: C
The somatic nervous system consists of pathways that regulate voluntary motor control, the
skeletal muscle system. The somatic nervous system does not control the heart; the
autonomic
nervous system controls the heart, the spinal cord, and the smooth muscle organs.
REF: p. 307
A+ TEST BANK 2
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+
2. A nurse is preparing to teach about nerves. Which information should the nurse include?
The
axon leaves the cell body at the:
a. axon hillock.
b. Nissl body.
c. node of Ranvier.
d. myelin sheath.
ANS: A
The axon hillock is the cone-shaped process where the axon leaves the cell body. The Nissl
body is involved in protein synthesis. Axons branch at the node of Ranvier. The myelin sheath
covers the entire membrane.
REF: p. 308
3. When a student asks in which region of the neuron do nerve impulses travel the fastest,
how
should the nurse respond? The:
a. large axon.
b. axon hillock.
c. cell body.
d. dendrites.
ANS: A
Large axons transmit impulses at a faster rate than cell bodies. The axon hillock has a low
threshold level. The dendrites carry impulses toward the cell body, but not as quickly as large
axons.
REF: p. 308
A+ TEST BANK 3
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+
4. A neurologist is teaching the staff about motor neurons. Which structural classification
identifies motor neurons?
a. Unipolar
b. Pseudounipolar
c. Bipolar
d. Multipolar
ANS: D
A motor neuron is typically multipolar. Unipolar neurons are found in the retina.
Pseudounipolar neurons have one process; the dendritic portion of each of these neurons
extends away from the CNS, and the axon portion projects into the CNS. Bipolar neurons are
found in the eye.
REF: p. 308
5. An experiment looking at an isolated neuron revealed a sensory nerve with one process
containing a dendritic portion extending away from the CNS and an axon extending toward
the CNS. Which of the following classifications would this neuron fall into?
a. Bipolar
b. Multipolar
c. Pseudounipolar
d. Interpolar
ANS: C
Pseudounipolar neurons have one process; the dendritic portion of each of these neurons
extends away from the CNS, and the axon portion projects into the CNS. Bipolar neurons
have two distinct processes arising from the cell body. Multipolar neurons are the most
common and have multiple processes capable of extensive branching. A motor neuron is
A+ TEST BANK 4
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+
TEST BANK 2 FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
HESI VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES GRADED
A+ GUARANTEED PASS UPDATED
VERSION
1. A nurse recalls that neural systems basic to cognitive functions include _____ systems.
(select
all that apply)
a. attentional
b. memory and language
c. affective
d. sensory and motor
e. tactile
ANS: A, B, C
The neural systems that are essential to cognitive function are: (i) attentional systems that
provide arousal and maintenance of attention over time; (ii) memory and language systems
by
which information is communicated; and (iii) affective or emotive systems that mediate
mood,
emotion, and intention. The sensory, motor, and somatic systems are not involved. The tactile
system is not involved in cognitive functioning.
REF: p. 359
A+ TEST BANK 1
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+
2. The nurse is explaining clinical manifestations of alterations in the extrapyramidal system.
The nurse would correctly include: (select all that apply)
a. little or no paralysis of voluntary movement.
b. normal or slightly increased tendon reflexes.
c. positive (present) Babinski.
d. presence of tremor.
e. rigidity in muscle tone.
ANS: A, B, D, E
The patient will experience little or no paralysis of voluntary movement. The patient will
experience normal or slightly increased deep tendon reflexes. Babinski will be negative
(absent). Tremor will be present. Rigidity of muscle tone occurs intermittently.
REF: p. 386, Table 15-19
When a patient asks what the somatic nervous system controls, how should the nurse
respond?
It controls:
a. the heart.
b. the spinal cord.
c. skeletal muscle.
d. smooth muscle organs.
ANS: C
The somatic nervous system consists of pathways that regulate voluntary motor control, the
skeletal muscle system. The somatic nervous system does not control the heart; the
autonomic
nervous system controls the heart, the spinal cord, and the smooth muscle organs.
REF: p. 307
A+ TEST BANK 2
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+
2. A nurse is preparing to teach about nerves. Which information should the nurse include?
The
axon leaves the cell body at the:
a. axon hillock.
b. Nissl body.
c. node of Ranvier.
d. myelin sheath.
ANS: A
The axon hillock is the cone-shaped process where the axon leaves the cell body. The Nissl
body is involved in protein synthesis. Axons branch at the node of Ranvier. The myelin sheath
covers the entire membrane.
REF: p. 308
3. When a student asks in which region of the neuron do nerve impulses travel the fastest,
how
should the nurse respond? The:
a. large axon.
b. axon hillock.
c. cell body.
d. dendrites.
ANS: A
Large axons transmit impulses at a faster rate than cell bodies. The axon hillock has a low
threshold level. The dendrites carry impulses toward the cell body, but not as quickly as large
axons.
REF: p. 308
A+ TEST BANK 3
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES GRADED A+
4. A neurologist is teaching the staff about motor neurons. Which structural classification
identifies motor neurons?
a. Unipolar
b. Pseudounipolar
c. Bipolar
d. Multipolar
ANS: D
A motor neuron is typically multipolar. Unipolar neurons are found in the retina.
Pseudounipolar neurons have one process; the dendritic portion of each of these neurons
extends away from the CNS, and the axon portion projects into the CNS. Bipolar neurons are
found in the eye.
REF: p. 308
5. An experiment looking at an isolated neuron revealed a sensory nerve with one process
containing a dendritic portion extending away from the CNS and an axon extending toward
the CNS. Which of the following classifications would this neuron fall into?
a. Bipolar
b. Multipolar
c. Pseudounipolar
d. Interpolar
ANS: C
Pseudounipolar neurons have one process; the dendritic portion of each of these neurons
extends away from the CNS, and the axon portion projects into the CNS. Bipolar neurons
have two distinct processes arising from the cell body. Multipolar neurons are the most
common and have multiple processes capable of extensive branching. A motor neuron is
A+ TEST BANK 4
