NAS2 CHALLENGE UPDATED EVALUATION TEST
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Anatomical Position - ✔✔erect, feet forward, arms at side with palms facing forward,
head facing forward
✔✔Dorsal - ✔✔toward the back
✔✔Lateral - ✔✔away from the midline
✔✔Superior - ✔✔above
✔✔Inferior - ✔✔below
✔✔Anterior - ✔✔toward the front
✔✔Posterior - ✔✔toward the back
✔✔Medial - ✔✔toward the midline
✔✔Distal - ✔✔away from the point of attachment
✔✔Superficial - ✔✔near the surface
✔✔Deep - ✔✔more internal
✔✔Thoracic - ✔✔chest area
✔✔Axial - ✔✔head, neck, trunk
✔✔Appendicular - ✔✔limbs
✔✔Three Planes of Dissection - ✔✔frontal (coronoal), saggital, transverse
✔✔Cranial Cavity - ✔✔Brain
✔✔Vertebral Cavity - ✔✔Spinal Cord
✔✔Thoracic - ✔✔heart, trachea, and lungs
✔✔mediastinum - ✔✔between lungs
✔✔pericardial - ✔✔heart
, ✔✔pleural - ✔✔lungs
✔✔abdominal - ✔✔spleen, intestines
✔✔pelvic - ✔✔bladder, reproductive organs
✔✔ionic bonds - ✔✔electrons are transferred
✔✔covalent bonds - ✔✔electrons are shared
✔✔hydrogen bonds - ✔✔hydrogen is weakly attracted to a very electronegative atom
✔✔nonpolar covalent bond - ✔✔electrons are shared equally (atoms are roughly
equally electronegative)
✔✔polar covalent bond - ✔✔electrons are not shared equally (atoms are vastly different
in electronegativity)
✔✔decomposition reaction - ✔✔single reactant breaks down to form multiple products
✔✔synthesis reaction - ✔✔multiple reactants combine to form a single product
✔✔exchange reactions - ✔✔multiple molecules exchange reactants to form two new
products
✔✔how do enzymes catalyze reactions? - ✔✔provide a different pathway to get to the
end product with a lower activation energy
✔✔why is water important to life? - ✔✔1. its a solvent
2. many compounds can ionize (convert themselves into an ion by removing electrons)
ex: electrolytes
3. water is very reactive
ex: dehydration synthesis
ex: hydrolysis
4. high heat capacity
ex: thermal inertia
ex: large heat of vaporization
5. lubrication: can reduce friction and build up
6. cushioning: very incompressible--> can compress and stretch easily
✔✔pH - ✔✔[hydrogen ions]
low = acid
high = base
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Anatomical Position - ✔✔erect, feet forward, arms at side with palms facing forward,
head facing forward
✔✔Dorsal - ✔✔toward the back
✔✔Lateral - ✔✔away from the midline
✔✔Superior - ✔✔above
✔✔Inferior - ✔✔below
✔✔Anterior - ✔✔toward the front
✔✔Posterior - ✔✔toward the back
✔✔Medial - ✔✔toward the midline
✔✔Distal - ✔✔away from the point of attachment
✔✔Superficial - ✔✔near the surface
✔✔Deep - ✔✔more internal
✔✔Thoracic - ✔✔chest area
✔✔Axial - ✔✔head, neck, trunk
✔✔Appendicular - ✔✔limbs
✔✔Three Planes of Dissection - ✔✔frontal (coronoal), saggital, transverse
✔✔Cranial Cavity - ✔✔Brain
✔✔Vertebral Cavity - ✔✔Spinal Cord
✔✔Thoracic - ✔✔heart, trachea, and lungs
✔✔mediastinum - ✔✔between lungs
✔✔pericardial - ✔✔heart
, ✔✔pleural - ✔✔lungs
✔✔abdominal - ✔✔spleen, intestines
✔✔pelvic - ✔✔bladder, reproductive organs
✔✔ionic bonds - ✔✔electrons are transferred
✔✔covalent bonds - ✔✔electrons are shared
✔✔hydrogen bonds - ✔✔hydrogen is weakly attracted to a very electronegative atom
✔✔nonpolar covalent bond - ✔✔electrons are shared equally (atoms are roughly
equally electronegative)
✔✔polar covalent bond - ✔✔electrons are not shared equally (atoms are vastly different
in electronegativity)
✔✔decomposition reaction - ✔✔single reactant breaks down to form multiple products
✔✔synthesis reaction - ✔✔multiple reactants combine to form a single product
✔✔exchange reactions - ✔✔multiple molecules exchange reactants to form two new
products
✔✔how do enzymes catalyze reactions? - ✔✔provide a different pathway to get to the
end product with a lower activation energy
✔✔why is water important to life? - ✔✔1. its a solvent
2. many compounds can ionize (convert themselves into an ion by removing electrons)
ex: electrolytes
3. water is very reactive
ex: dehydration synthesis
ex: hydrolysis
4. high heat capacity
ex: thermal inertia
ex: large heat of vaporization
5. lubrication: can reduce friction and build up
6. cushioning: very incompressible--> can compress and stretch easily
✔✔pH - ✔✔[hydrogen ions]
low = acid
high = base
