OSTOMY CARE UPDATED EXAM MANUAL QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔ileostomy management - ✔✔* initial drainage is dark green, viscid, and odorless
* drainage gradually thickens and becomes yellow to brown.
* empty the pouch when it is 1/3 to 1/2 full.
* Relieving intra-abdominal pressure
- patient place moist towels on the abdomen, drink hot tea, lie down and assume a
knee-chest position.
- massage the abdominal area to promote peristalsis and fecal elimination.
* contact provider if experiencing
- abdominal cramping, nausea, vomitting, high-volume odorous effeluent, swelling of
the stoma, no ileostomy output for at least 6 hours.
✔✔irritant dermatitis - ✔✔* inflammation of the skin resulting from contact with an
irritating substance
* common peristomal complication
* Causes: contact with stool or urine, usually form leakage under the pouching system
or between the skin barrier and the stoma.
* Description: reddened, moist, painful skin
* Treatment: clean & dry the peristomal skin, use a protective skin barrier powder or
wipe the skin before applying the skin barrier, and remeasure the stoma to ensure the
use of correct size pouch and or skin barrier.
✔✔Kock pouch - ✔✔* internal pouch created from the distal segment of the ileum to
serve as a reservoir for stool or urine
✔✔Kock's continent ileostomy - ✔✔* an alternative to standard ileostomy
* Kock pouch is created with one-way nipple valve is constructed through the stoma
opening.
* Patient can insert a catheter through the one-way valve to drain the fecal contents of
the internal pouch.
* created to treat ulcerative colitis
* an option for patients who do not wish to wear an external pouch over stoma.
* complication rate is higher than traditional ileostomy
* ileum contains digestive enzymes and acids that cause skin irritation (caution not to let
waste material from contacting the abdominal surface)
* high stool output (1500 to 2000 mL/day) may cause dehydration
✔✔luminal bleeding - ✔✔blood seeping through the opening (lumen) of a stoma
✔✔maceration - ✔✔softening or dissolution of tissue after lengthy exposure to fluid
✔✔mucocutaneous separation/detachment - ✔✔separation of the stoma from the
peristomal skin; also called mucocutaneous detachment
, ✔✔ostomy - ✔✔* is an opening surgically created in the abdominal wall to allow for the
elimination of urine or feces
* ostomy surgery is performed when a disorder or an injury keeps the urinary or
gastrointestinal system from functioning properly
* may be temporary to allow for healing and a return to normal elimination
* may be permanent
✔✔indication for ostomy surgery - ✔✔* congenital anomalies such as spina bifida
* gladder, colon, and rectal cancer
* inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
* inherited disorders such as adenomatous polyposis
* obstruction of the ureter
* stab or gunshot wounds to the abdomen
✔✔three primary type of ostomy surgery are - ✔✔* colostomy
* ileostomy
* urostomy
✔✔peristomal skin - ✔✔skin surrounding an ostomy
✔✔peristomal retraction - ✔✔pulling in of the skin around a stoma when the stoma is
drawn inward below skin level
✔✔pouching system - ✔✔one-piece or two-piece device that includes a skin
barrier/wafer and a collection pouch for output; also referred to as an appliance
✔✔pressure ulcer - ✔✔impaired skin integrity and/or formation of a wound due to
prolonged pressure
✔✔refitting - ✔✔adjusting a pouching system to accommodate changes in stoma size or
to address other stomal or peristomal issues
✔✔reservoir - ✔✔storage place; in the case of an IPAA or Kock's pouch, an internal
reservoir is surgically created
✔✔sigmoid - ✔✔referring to the portion of the large intestine between the descending
colon and the rectum
✔✔skin barriers - ✔✔* faceplate designed to protect the peristomal skin from the stoma
output and to attach the pouch to the body
* Standard-wear skin barrier
* best suited for colostomy
* extended wear is designed to provider greater protection from stoma output
* typically used with an ileostomy or urostomy
AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔ileostomy management - ✔✔* initial drainage is dark green, viscid, and odorless
* drainage gradually thickens and becomes yellow to brown.
* empty the pouch when it is 1/3 to 1/2 full.
* Relieving intra-abdominal pressure
- patient place moist towels on the abdomen, drink hot tea, lie down and assume a
knee-chest position.
- massage the abdominal area to promote peristalsis and fecal elimination.
* contact provider if experiencing
- abdominal cramping, nausea, vomitting, high-volume odorous effeluent, swelling of
the stoma, no ileostomy output for at least 6 hours.
✔✔irritant dermatitis - ✔✔* inflammation of the skin resulting from contact with an
irritating substance
* common peristomal complication
* Causes: contact with stool or urine, usually form leakage under the pouching system
or between the skin barrier and the stoma.
* Description: reddened, moist, painful skin
* Treatment: clean & dry the peristomal skin, use a protective skin barrier powder or
wipe the skin before applying the skin barrier, and remeasure the stoma to ensure the
use of correct size pouch and or skin barrier.
✔✔Kock pouch - ✔✔* internal pouch created from the distal segment of the ileum to
serve as a reservoir for stool or urine
✔✔Kock's continent ileostomy - ✔✔* an alternative to standard ileostomy
* Kock pouch is created with one-way nipple valve is constructed through the stoma
opening.
* Patient can insert a catheter through the one-way valve to drain the fecal contents of
the internal pouch.
* created to treat ulcerative colitis
* an option for patients who do not wish to wear an external pouch over stoma.
* complication rate is higher than traditional ileostomy
* ileum contains digestive enzymes and acids that cause skin irritation (caution not to let
waste material from contacting the abdominal surface)
* high stool output (1500 to 2000 mL/day) may cause dehydration
✔✔luminal bleeding - ✔✔blood seeping through the opening (lumen) of a stoma
✔✔maceration - ✔✔softening or dissolution of tissue after lengthy exposure to fluid
✔✔mucocutaneous separation/detachment - ✔✔separation of the stoma from the
peristomal skin; also called mucocutaneous detachment
, ✔✔ostomy - ✔✔* is an opening surgically created in the abdominal wall to allow for the
elimination of urine or feces
* ostomy surgery is performed when a disorder or an injury keeps the urinary or
gastrointestinal system from functioning properly
* may be temporary to allow for healing and a return to normal elimination
* may be permanent
✔✔indication for ostomy surgery - ✔✔* congenital anomalies such as spina bifida
* gladder, colon, and rectal cancer
* inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis)
* inherited disorders such as adenomatous polyposis
* obstruction of the ureter
* stab or gunshot wounds to the abdomen
✔✔three primary type of ostomy surgery are - ✔✔* colostomy
* ileostomy
* urostomy
✔✔peristomal skin - ✔✔skin surrounding an ostomy
✔✔peristomal retraction - ✔✔pulling in of the skin around a stoma when the stoma is
drawn inward below skin level
✔✔pouching system - ✔✔one-piece or two-piece device that includes a skin
barrier/wafer and a collection pouch for output; also referred to as an appliance
✔✔pressure ulcer - ✔✔impaired skin integrity and/or formation of a wound due to
prolonged pressure
✔✔refitting - ✔✔adjusting a pouching system to accommodate changes in stoma size or
to address other stomal or peristomal issues
✔✔reservoir - ✔✔storage place; in the case of an IPAA or Kock's pouch, an internal
reservoir is surgically created
✔✔sigmoid - ✔✔referring to the portion of the large intestine between the descending
colon and the rectum
✔✔skin barriers - ✔✔* faceplate designed to protect the peristomal skin from the stoma
output and to attach the pouch to the body
* Standard-wear skin barrier
* best suited for colostomy
* extended wear is designed to provider greater protection from stoma output
* typically used with an ileostomy or urostomy
