NSG 223 Medical-Surgical Nursing II – High-
Yield Review
1. Inadequate perfusion of the pulmonary capillary beds by occlusion of a
pulmonary artery best describes the pathophysiology of:
Correct answer
embolism.
2. What is a key medication that should be avoided by patients with cirrhosis?
Aspirin
Naproxen
Ibuprofen
Tylenol
3. Describe how PEEP contributes to improving lung function in patients with
respiratory distress.
PEEP primarily increases the heart rate to improve oxygen delivery.
PEEP helps to recruit more alveoli for gas exchange and decrease
work of breathing, thus improving compliance.
PEEP prevents the formation of pulmonary edema.
PEEP reduces the need for mechanical ventilation.
,4. The nurse is caring for a client with acute pulmonary edema. What diuretic
will the nurse most likely administer?
Correct answer
Furosemide
5. What factors influence the symptoms experienced in pulmonary embolism?
Previous medical history
Size and type of embolism, Location of embolism
Severity of lung infection
Patient's age and gender
6. If a patient with drug-induced hepatitis develops a rash and fever, what
nursing intervention should be prioritized?
Increase fluid intake.
Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
Perform a full physical assessment.
Administer antipyretics as needed.
7. A patient with acute pancreatitis is demonstrating signs of hypovolemic
shock. The nurse will conduct additional assessment for which expected
cause of this hypovolemia?
Fluid shifts and increased second and third spacing.
, Undiagnosed gastrointestinal ulcerations.
Decreased intake in comparison to output.
Acute heart failure.
8. Which precaution is most important for the nurse to instruct a client with
cirrhosis and his or her family about continuing care in the home
avoid tylenol or alcohol
maintain one floor living to prevent fatigue
report any change in cognition to dr
use cool baths to reduce itch
9. Patient TJ presents to the hospital with a SCr of 2.4 mg/dL (baseline for
patient is 1.2 mg/dL) and has anuria for the last 16 hours. What is their RIFLE
classification?
ESRD
Injury
Loss
Failure
Risk
10. A patient presents with severe dehydration due to excessive vomiting.
What type of acute kidney injury is this likely to cause?
Postrenal AKI
Intrinsic AKI
Prerenal AKI
, Chronic kidney disease
11. Describe the relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and
serum creatinine levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Serum creatinine levels are stable regardless of changes in GFR.
As GFR decreases, serum creatinine levels increase due to
reduced kidney function.
GFR and serum creatinine levels are unrelated in CKD.
As GFR decreases, serum creatinine levels decrease due to
increased filtration.
12. Describe the relationship between hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis
in a clinical setting.
Hypoventilation has no effect on acid-base balance in the body.
Hypoventilation increases blood pH, causing respiratory alkalosis.
Hypoventilation causes a decrease in oxygen levels, leading to
metabolic acidosis.
Hypoventilation leads to an accumulation of carbon dioxide,
resulting in respiratory acidosis.
13. Which intervention is important for a patient with cirrhosis?
Increase protein intake
Head of bed at 15 degrees
Avoid hepatotoxic medications including Acetaminophen
Increasing fluid intake
Yield Review
1. Inadequate perfusion of the pulmonary capillary beds by occlusion of a
pulmonary artery best describes the pathophysiology of:
Correct answer
embolism.
2. What is a key medication that should be avoided by patients with cirrhosis?
Aspirin
Naproxen
Ibuprofen
Tylenol
3. Describe how PEEP contributes to improving lung function in patients with
respiratory distress.
PEEP primarily increases the heart rate to improve oxygen delivery.
PEEP helps to recruit more alveoli for gas exchange and decrease
work of breathing, thus improving compliance.
PEEP prevents the formation of pulmonary edema.
PEEP reduces the need for mechanical ventilation.
,4. The nurse is caring for a client with acute pulmonary edema. What diuretic
will the nurse most likely administer?
Correct answer
Furosemide
5. What factors influence the symptoms experienced in pulmonary embolism?
Previous medical history
Size and type of embolism, Location of embolism
Severity of lung infection
Patient's age and gender
6. If a patient with drug-induced hepatitis develops a rash and fever, what
nursing intervention should be prioritized?
Increase fluid intake.
Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
Perform a full physical assessment.
Administer antipyretics as needed.
7. A patient with acute pancreatitis is demonstrating signs of hypovolemic
shock. The nurse will conduct additional assessment for which expected
cause of this hypovolemia?
Fluid shifts and increased second and third spacing.
, Undiagnosed gastrointestinal ulcerations.
Decreased intake in comparison to output.
Acute heart failure.
8. Which precaution is most important for the nurse to instruct a client with
cirrhosis and his or her family about continuing care in the home
avoid tylenol or alcohol
maintain one floor living to prevent fatigue
report any change in cognition to dr
use cool baths to reduce itch
9. Patient TJ presents to the hospital with a SCr of 2.4 mg/dL (baseline for
patient is 1.2 mg/dL) and has anuria for the last 16 hours. What is their RIFLE
classification?
ESRD
Injury
Loss
Failure
Risk
10. A patient presents with severe dehydration due to excessive vomiting.
What type of acute kidney injury is this likely to cause?
Postrenal AKI
Intrinsic AKI
Prerenal AKI
, Chronic kidney disease
11. Describe the relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and
serum creatinine levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Serum creatinine levels are stable regardless of changes in GFR.
As GFR decreases, serum creatinine levels increase due to
reduced kidney function.
GFR and serum creatinine levels are unrelated in CKD.
As GFR decreases, serum creatinine levels decrease due to
increased filtration.
12. Describe the relationship between hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis
in a clinical setting.
Hypoventilation has no effect on acid-base balance in the body.
Hypoventilation increases blood pH, causing respiratory alkalosis.
Hypoventilation causes a decrease in oxygen levels, leading to
metabolic acidosis.
Hypoventilation leads to an accumulation of carbon dioxide,
resulting in respiratory acidosis.
13. Which intervention is important for a patient with cirrhosis?
Increase protein intake
Head of bed at 15 degrees
Avoid hepatotoxic medications including Acetaminophen
Increasing fluid intake
