NSG 122 HESI Final Exam | Fundamental Concepts |
Verified Questions & Rationales | PASS FIRST TRY
1. Describe how hypertension may contribute to the risk of developing
renal cancer.
Hypertension has no effect on kidney health or cancer risk.
Hypertension is primarily caused by renal cancer.
Hypertension causes the kidneys to filter blood more efficiently,
reducing cancer risk.
Hypertension can lead to changes in kidney function and
increased stress on renal tissues, which may promote cancer
development.
2. To be considered an infectious disease, the disease must be
Caused by bacteria
Directly caused by a pathogen which is present and
reproducing in or on the body
Easily spread
All of these
3. What is an infectious disease?
A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a
susceptible host.
Organisms or foreign bodies on or into objects such as
dressings, water, food, needles, wounds or patient's body.
A medical condition caused by growth and spread of small,
harmful organisms within the body.
A disease that is spread from one person or species to another.
,4. If a patient is diagnosed with a benign neoplasm, what implications does
this have for their treatment plan compared to a malignant neoplasm?
Benign neoplasms always require chemotherapy, while malignant
neoplasms do not.
Both benign and malignant neoplasms require the same
treatment approach.
The treatment plan for a benign neoplasm may involve
monitoring or surgical removal, while a malignant neoplasm
often requires aggressive treatment such as chemotherapy or
radiation.
Patients with benign neoplasms should never undergo surgery.
5. Which of the following reasons is the most common cause of COPD?
Air pollution
Smoking
Asthma
Genetics
6. Inflammation of the sack surrounding the heart.
myocarditis
pericarditis
endocarditis
7. What is another name for articular degeneration?
Gout
Rheumatoid arthritis
Bursitis
, Osteoarthritis
8. What is the term for a solution that has the same osmotic pressure as
red blood cells?
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Exotonic
Hypertonic
9. What is one of the primary functions of helper T cells in the immune
response?
Suppress immune responses
Destroy infected cells
Produce antibodies
Activate B cells
10. What is a common heart condition associated with childhood rheumatic
fever?
Atrial fibrillation
Coronary artery disease
Mitral stenosis
Aortic regurgitation
11. Describe the significance of Cullen's sign in the context of abdominal
conditions.
Cullen's sign is related to respiratory infections.
Cullen's sign is a symptom of liver failure due to cirrhosis.
, Cullen's sign indicates the presence of bleeding in the
abdominal cavity, often associated with pancreatitis.
Cullen's sign is a diagnostic criterion for appendicitis.
12. A 58-year-old male presents with weight loss, jaundice, and diffuse
upper abdominal pain which radiates to the back. He describes dark
urine and clay-colored stools. He admits to smoking a pack a day. What
condition?
Cholecystitis
Pancreatic cancer
Crohn's disease
Hepatitis C
13. Primary lower respiratory tract infections include:
Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Pharyngitis
Tuberculosis
14. What specific type of cells are characteristic of Hodgkin's lymphoma?
Reed-Sternberg cells
T cells
B cells
Plasma cells
15. Spina bifida is caused by:
Missing mesoderm in the sacral region
Verified Questions & Rationales | PASS FIRST TRY
1. Describe how hypertension may contribute to the risk of developing
renal cancer.
Hypertension has no effect on kidney health or cancer risk.
Hypertension is primarily caused by renal cancer.
Hypertension causes the kidneys to filter blood more efficiently,
reducing cancer risk.
Hypertension can lead to changes in kidney function and
increased stress on renal tissues, which may promote cancer
development.
2. To be considered an infectious disease, the disease must be
Caused by bacteria
Directly caused by a pathogen which is present and
reproducing in or on the body
Easily spread
All of these
3. What is an infectious disease?
A microorganism that is capable of causing disease in a
susceptible host.
Organisms or foreign bodies on or into objects such as
dressings, water, food, needles, wounds or patient's body.
A medical condition caused by growth and spread of small,
harmful organisms within the body.
A disease that is spread from one person or species to another.
,4. If a patient is diagnosed with a benign neoplasm, what implications does
this have for their treatment plan compared to a malignant neoplasm?
Benign neoplasms always require chemotherapy, while malignant
neoplasms do not.
Both benign and malignant neoplasms require the same
treatment approach.
The treatment plan for a benign neoplasm may involve
monitoring or surgical removal, while a malignant neoplasm
often requires aggressive treatment such as chemotherapy or
radiation.
Patients with benign neoplasms should never undergo surgery.
5. Which of the following reasons is the most common cause of COPD?
Air pollution
Smoking
Asthma
Genetics
6. Inflammation of the sack surrounding the heart.
myocarditis
pericarditis
endocarditis
7. What is another name for articular degeneration?
Gout
Rheumatoid arthritis
Bursitis
, Osteoarthritis
8. What is the term for a solution that has the same osmotic pressure as
red blood cells?
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Exotonic
Hypertonic
9. What is one of the primary functions of helper T cells in the immune
response?
Suppress immune responses
Destroy infected cells
Produce antibodies
Activate B cells
10. What is a common heart condition associated with childhood rheumatic
fever?
Atrial fibrillation
Coronary artery disease
Mitral stenosis
Aortic regurgitation
11. Describe the significance of Cullen's sign in the context of abdominal
conditions.
Cullen's sign is related to respiratory infections.
Cullen's sign is a symptom of liver failure due to cirrhosis.
, Cullen's sign indicates the presence of bleeding in the
abdominal cavity, often associated with pancreatitis.
Cullen's sign is a diagnostic criterion for appendicitis.
12. A 58-year-old male presents with weight loss, jaundice, and diffuse
upper abdominal pain which radiates to the back. He describes dark
urine and clay-colored stools. He admits to smoking a pack a day. What
condition?
Cholecystitis
Pancreatic cancer
Crohn's disease
Hepatitis C
13. Primary lower respiratory tract infections include:
Bronchitis
Pneumonia
Pharyngitis
Tuberculosis
14. What specific type of cells are characteristic of Hodgkin's lymphoma?
Reed-Sternberg cells
T cells
B cells
Plasma cells
15. Spina bifida is caused by:
Missing mesoderm in the sacral region
