PN4003 | PN 4003 MIDTERM |
VARIATIONS IN HEALTH MIDTERM
EXAM | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |
100% CORRECT | GRADE A – SCC |
2026/2027 Guide
excess fluid volume treatments
- Correct Answer - it depends on the cause, but in general sodium and
water restrictions can help
diuretics and vasodilators
Venous insufficiency
- Correct Answer - inadequacy of the venous valves and impairment of
venous return from the lower limbs (venous stasis), often with edema
and sometimes with skin ulcers (particularly at the ankles)
Heart failure
- Correct Answer - a chronic condition in which the heart is unable to
pump out all of the blood that it receives
Lymphatic disorder
,- Correct Answer - a condition in which there is an abnormality in the
functioning of the lymphatic system, or the system that helps remove
waste liquids and excess proteins
Lymphedema
- Correct Answer - swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph
fluid within the tissues
tx: Compression therapy, manual lymphatic drainage, exercise, skin
care.
Lymphangitis
- Correct Answer - inflammation of lymph vessels from bacteria
Fever, chills, swollen/tender lymph nodes. Red streaks on the skin
following lymphatic vessels.
how is nonhogkins lymphoma diagnosed
- Correct Answer - Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is diagnosed through
a combination of tests, including a biopsy, blood tests, CT scan, and
PET scan. A biopsy is the only way to confirm a diagnosis.
external defibrillation - Correct Answer - electrical shock applied to the
heart via the chest wall
, used for Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) and Pulseless Ventricular
Tachycardia (pVT) - (chaotic irregular rhythm, and a very fast rhythm)
it is NOT used for: flatline (use CPR instead)
iron supplement side effects - Correct Answer - 1. Nausea
2. Constipation
3. Black or dark green stools
when to discontinue iron - Correct Answer - Severe gastrointestinal
symptoms (e.g., nausea, constipation, diarrhea) may warrant stopping or
switching formulations (e.g., slow-release or liquid iron).
Serum Ferritin >300 ng/mL or Transferrin Saturation >45%: Indicates
potential overload.
Lung tidal volume - Correct Answer - Tidal volume (VT) is the amount of
air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal, relaxed breath. It
is a fundamental parameter in respiratory physiology and is crucial for
assessing lung function and managing ventilation in patients.
typically 500ml per breath
what does hepatitis A B C and HIV have in common? - Correct Answer -
transmitted through sexual contact, body fluids, or blood
VARIATIONS IN HEALTH MIDTERM
EXAM | QUESTIONS & ANSWERS |
100% CORRECT | GRADE A – SCC |
2026/2027 Guide
excess fluid volume treatments
- Correct Answer - it depends on the cause, but in general sodium and
water restrictions can help
diuretics and vasodilators
Venous insufficiency
- Correct Answer - inadequacy of the venous valves and impairment of
venous return from the lower limbs (venous stasis), often with edema
and sometimes with skin ulcers (particularly at the ankles)
Heart failure
- Correct Answer - a chronic condition in which the heart is unable to
pump out all of the blood that it receives
Lymphatic disorder
,- Correct Answer - a condition in which there is an abnormality in the
functioning of the lymphatic system, or the system that helps remove
waste liquids and excess proteins
Lymphedema
- Correct Answer - swelling due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph
fluid within the tissues
tx: Compression therapy, manual lymphatic drainage, exercise, skin
care.
Lymphangitis
- Correct Answer - inflammation of lymph vessels from bacteria
Fever, chills, swollen/tender lymph nodes. Red streaks on the skin
following lymphatic vessels.
how is nonhogkins lymphoma diagnosed
- Correct Answer - Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is diagnosed through
a combination of tests, including a biopsy, blood tests, CT scan, and
PET scan. A biopsy is the only way to confirm a diagnosis.
external defibrillation - Correct Answer - electrical shock applied to the
heart via the chest wall
, used for Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) and Pulseless Ventricular
Tachycardia (pVT) - (chaotic irregular rhythm, and a very fast rhythm)
it is NOT used for: flatline (use CPR instead)
iron supplement side effects - Correct Answer - 1. Nausea
2. Constipation
3. Black or dark green stools
when to discontinue iron - Correct Answer - Severe gastrointestinal
symptoms (e.g., nausea, constipation, diarrhea) may warrant stopping or
switching formulations (e.g., slow-release or liquid iron).
Serum Ferritin >300 ng/mL or Transferrin Saturation >45%: Indicates
potential overload.
Lung tidal volume - Correct Answer - Tidal volume (VT) is the amount of
air that moves in and out of the lungs during a normal, relaxed breath. It
is a fundamental parameter in respiratory physiology and is crucial for
assessing lung function and managing ventilation in patients.
typically 500ml per breath
what does hepatitis A B C and HIV have in common? - Correct Answer -
transmitted through sexual contact, body fluids, or blood
