OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS 10TH
EDITION ABRAHAM SILBERSCHATZ GREG
GAGNE PETER GALVIN TEST BANK ALL
CHAPTERS 100% ORIGINAL
COMPREHENSIVE TEST PAPER 2026
COMPLETE ANSWERS ACCURATE
⫸ OS Convenience Advantages Answer: makes the user/computer
interface more convenient for the user to use the system.
Application programmers do not need to keep track of specific hardware
details of the system, so it provides a layer of abstraction.
The OS acts to insulate the user from hardware making it easier to
access the system
The OS provides services like file management of I/O devices that an
end user needs but would not want to write each time a new program is
written
(lots of abstraction)
⫸ What types of services could the OS provide Answer: Program
development, Program Execution, I/O Device Access, File Access,
System Access, Error Detection, Accounting
⫸ Program Development Answer: Editors and debuggers to assist in
program creation
,⫸ Program Execution Answer: the process of loading a program into
memory and then running that program; details of program execution are
handled by the OS (initialization, resource management, etc)
⫸ I/O Device Access Answer: Provides generic interface to diverse set
of I/O devices
⫸ File Accces Answer: Protection mechanisms to prevent unauthorized
access to files
⫸ System access Answer: Controlled by the OS like a resource
manager, could also be viewed as a password authentication method
⫸ Error Detection Answer: If a program has an error, the OS takes
action to minimize the impact and correct or report the error; can
determine where error occurred (in CPU, memory, I/O, or network)
⫸ Accounting Answer: Keeps track of computer resources in use;
Usage statistics can be collected and used for system optimization or
billing
⫸ Image of application hierarchy Answer: See Screenshot image 1
⫸ Instructions Set Architecture (ISA) Answer: Defines the set of
machine language instructions that a computer can follow. This is the
interface between the hardware and the software. Applications and
,utilities can only utilize a subset of the instructions. The OS can use the
additional instructions.
⫸ Application Binary Interface (ABI) Answer: Defines a standard for
binary portability across programs. The ABI defines the system call
interface to the OS and the hardware resources and services available in
the system through the user ISA.
⫸ Application Programming Interface (API) Answer: Specifies a set of
functions that are available to an application developer, including the
parameters that are passed to each function and the return values the
programmer can expect
⫸ Efficiency of the OS Answer: OS is in control of the system, but the
OS itself is just another program, so it must relinquish control of the
processor to an application and depends on the processor to regain
control.
⫸ The operating system as a resource manager Answer: See screenshot
2
⫸ OS's evolve for what reasons? Answer: Hardware upgrades plus new
types of hardware.
New services such as new capabilities that the OS needs to provide such
as software for new hardware.
Fixes - Bugs being fixed in the OS.
, ⫸ OS History in the 1940's - 50's Answer: No operating system, users
and applications interacted directly with the hardware
⫸ 2 Major Problems with no OS are: Answer: Scheduling and Setup
time
⫸ Scheduling Answer: Consisted of a sign-up sheet to reserve time to
use the system. This resulted in wasted time because users might
schedule too much or too little time.
⫸ Setup time Answer: With an OS to manage resources, considerable
time was spent setting up a program to run with all the right resources
⫸ Serial Processing Answer: Users had access to the system one at a
time and this could be called serial processing
⫸ 1950's-60's (Batch Operating System) Answer: The monitor increases
efficiency by scheduling each job in turn automatically, and by reducing
the setup time through a JCL, which specifies setup steps for the
monitor. The operator batches jobs together and submits them for
execution by the monitor. The user no longer has direct access to the
machine.
⫸ Memory Protection (Batch) Answer: Prevented override of the
monitor
EDITION ABRAHAM SILBERSCHATZ GREG
GAGNE PETER GALVIN TEST BANK ALL
CHAPTERS 100% ORIGINAL
COMPREHENSIVE TEST PAPER 2026
COMPLETE ANSWERS ACCURATE
⫸ OS Convenience Advantages Answer: makes the user/computer
interface more convenient for the user to use the system.
Application programmers do not need to keep track of specific hardware
details of the system, so it provides a layer of abstraction.
The OS acts to insulate the user from hardware making it easier to
access the system
The OS provides services like file management of I/O devices that an
end user needs but would not want to write each time a new program is
written
(lots of abstraction)
⫸ What types of services could the OS provide Answer: Program
development, Program Execution, I/O Device Access, File Access,
System Access, Error Detection, Accounting
⫸ Program Development Answer: Editors and debuggers to assist in
program creation
,⫸ Program Execution Answer: the process of loading a program into
memory and then running that program; details of program execution are
handled by the OS (initialization, resource management, etc)
⫸ I/O Device Access Answer: Provides generic interface to diverse set
of I/O devices
⫸ File Accces Answer: Protection mechanisms to prevent unauthorized
access to files
⫸ System access Answer: Controlled by the OS like a resource
manager, could also be viewed as a password authentication method
⫸ Error Detection Answer: If a program has an error, the OS takes
action to minimize the impact and correct or report the error; can
determine where error occurred (in CPU, memory, I/O, or network)
⫸ Accounting Answer: Keeps track of computer resources in use;
Usage statistics can be collected and used for system optimization or
billing
⫸ Image of application hierarchy Answer: See Screenshot image 1
⫸ Instructions Set Architecture (ISA) Answer: Defines the set of
machine language instructions that a computer can follow. This is the
interface between the hardware and the software. Applications and
,utilities can only utilize a subset of the instructions. The OS can use the
additional instructions.
⫸ Application Binary Interface (ABI) Answer: Defines a standard for
binary portability across programs. The ABI defines the system call
interface to the OS and the hardware resources and services available in
the system through the user ISA.
⫸ Application Programming Interface (API) Answer: Specifies a set of
functions that are available to an application developer, including the
parameters that are passed to each function and the return values the
programmer can expect
⫸ Efficiency of the OS Answer: OS is in control of the system, but the
OS itself is just another program, so it must relinquish control of the
processor to an application and depends on the processor to regain
control.
⫸ The operating system as a resource manager Answer: See screenshot
2
⫸ OS's evolve for what reasons? Answer: Hardware upgrades plus new
types of hardware.
New services such as new capabilities that the OS needs to provide such
as software for new hardware.
Fixes - Bugs being fixed in the OS.
, ⫸ OS History in the 1940's - 50's Answer: No operating system, users
and applications interacted directly with the hardware
⫸ 2 Major Problems with no OS are: Answer: Scheduling and Setup
time
⫸ Scheduling Answer: Consisted of a sign-up sheet to reserve time to
use the system. This resulted in wasted time because users might
schedule too much or too little time.
⫸ Setup time Answer: With an OS to manage resources, considerable
time was spent setting up a program to run with all the right resources
⫸ Serial Processing Answer: Users had access to the system one at a
time and this could be called serial processing
⫸ 1950's-60's (Batch Operating System) Answer: The monitor increases
efficiency by scheduling each job in turn automatically, and by reducing
the setup time through a JCL, which specifies setup steps for the
monitor. The operator batches jobs together and submits them for
execution by the monitor. The user no longer has direct access to the
machine.
⫸ Memory Protection (Batch) Answer: Prevented override of the
monitor
