AP Psychology Exam Review
psychology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the scientific study of behavior and mental
processes
behavior - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔an observable action
monism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔seeing mind and body as different aspects of the
same thing
dualism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔seeing mind and body as two different things that
interact
eclectic - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔use of techniques and ideas from a variety of
approaches
,empiricism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the view that knowledge should be acquired
through observation and often an experiment
science - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔way of getting knowledge about the world based
on observation
theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a collection of interrelated ideas and facts put
forward to describe, explain, and predict behavior and mental processes
scientific method - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔in psychology, the techniques used to
discover knowledge about human behavior and mental processes
hypothesis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a tentative statement or idea expressing a
causal relationship between two events or variables that is to be evaluated
in a research study
experiment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a procedure in which a researcher
systematically manipulates and observes elements of a situation in order to
test a hypothesis and make a cause-and-effect statement
independent variable - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the variable in a controlled
experiment that the experimenter directly and purposefully manipulates to
see how the other variables under study will be affected
,dependent variable - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the variable in a controlled experiment
that is expected to change due to the manipulation of the independent
variable
experimental group - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔in an experiment, the group of
participants to whom a treatment is given
control group - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔subjects and not exposed to a changing
variable in an experiment
variable - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a condition or characteristic of a situation or a
person that is subject to change (it varies) within or across situations or
individuals
sample - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a group of participants who are assumed to be
representative of the population about which an inference is being made
random sample - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔selection of a part of the population
without reason; participation is by chance
operational definition - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a definition of a variable in terms of
the set of methods or procedures used to measure or study that variable
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STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, participant - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔an individual who takes part in an experiment
and whose behavior is observed as part of the data collection process
double-blind procedure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔technique in which neither the
persons involved for those conducting the experiment know in what group
to participate is involved
debriefing - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a procedure to inform participants about the
true nature of an experiment after its completion
ethics - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔rules of proper and acceptable conduct that
investigators use to guide psychological research
ethnocentrism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔tendency to believe that one's own group is
the standard, the reference point by which other people and groups should
be judged
case study - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a highly detailed description of a single
individual or a vent
ex post facto study - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔describes differences between groups
of participants that differ naturally on a variable such as race or gender
psychology - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the scientific study of behavior and mental
processes
behavior - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔an observable action
monism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔seeing mind and body as different aspects of the
same thing
dualism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔seeing mind and body as two different things that
interact
eclectic - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔use of techniques and ideas from a variety of
approaches
,empiricism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the view that knowledge should be acquired
through observation and often an experiment
science - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔way of getting knowledge about the world based
on observation
theory - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a collection of interrelated ideas and facts put
forward to describe, explain, and predict behavior and mental processes
scientific method - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔in psychology, the techniques used to
discover knowledge about human behavior and mental processes
hypothesis - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a tentative statement or idea expressing a
causal relationship between two events or variables that is to be evaluated
in a research study
experiment - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a procedure in which a researcher
systematically manipulates and observes elements of a situation in order to
test a hypothesis and make a cause-and-effect statement
independent variable - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the variable in a controlled
experiment that the experimenter directly and purposefully manipulates to
see how the other variables under study will be affected
,dependent variable - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the variable in a controlled experiment
that is expected to change due to the manipulation of the independent
variable
experimental group - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔in an experiment, the group of
participants to whom a treatment is given
control group - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔subjects and not exposed to a changing
variable in an experiment
variable - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a condition or characteristic of a situation or a
person that is subject to change (it varies) within or across situations or
individuals
sample - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a group of participants who are assumed to be
representative of the population about which an inference is being made
random sample - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔selection of a part of the population
without reason; participation is by chance
operational definition - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a definition of a variable in terms of
the set of methods or procedures used to measure or study that variable
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
, participant - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔an individual who takes part in an experiment
and whose behavior is observed as part of the data collection process
double-blind procedure - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔technique in which neither the
persons involved for those conducting the experiment know in what group
to participate is involved
debriefing - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a procedure to inform participants about the
true nature of an experiment after its completion
ethics - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔rules of proper and acceptable conduct that
investigators use to guide psychological research
ethnocentrism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔tendency to believe that one's own group is
the standard, the reference point by which other people and groups should
be judged
case study - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a highly detailed description of a single
individual or a vent
ex post facto study - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔describes differences between groups
of participants that differ naturally on a variable such as race or gender
