Portage CHEM 104 Module 1 Exam Study
Guide 2025/2026 – Well Explained &
Exam-Ready
Kinetics - Answer-the study of rates of reactions and how they are influenced by certain
factors
Influences Reactions Rates - Answer-Concentration, temperature, catalysts, surface
area
Temperature/Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase, higher temperature provides higher
kinetic energy
Catalyst/Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase, without being consumed
Surface Area/Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase, increased surface area of particles
increases reaction rate because solids only react at their surfaces (grinding solid into
fine powder)
Concentration/Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase, provides more reacting particles to
undergo reaction
Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase in molar concentration of product per unit of time or
the decrease in molar concentration per unit of time
Reaction Rate Units - Answer-moles per liter per second (mol/L*s)
Reaction Rate Equation - Answer-Change in concentration/change in time
(products=positive, reactants=add negative sign)
Average Rate - Answer-Determined by using initial and final concentrations and initial
and final times so that the result measures the rate over the entire reaction
Instantaneous Rate - Answer-The change in concentration of reactants (or products)
divided by a very short period of time
, Reaction Quotient - Answer-Expression that has the same form as the equilibrium
constant expression but whose concentrations are not equal to those at equilibrium
Qc > Kc - Answer-Reaction proceeds to the left (in direction of the reactants)
Qc < Kc - Answer-Reaction proceeds forward to the right (in the direction of the
products)
Qc = Kc - Answer-Reaction is at equilibrium
Equilibrium Reactions - Answer-Do not go to completion, significant reactant is wasted
Method 1 Shifting Equilibrium Reactions - Answer-Changing the concentrations by
adding or removing reactants or products
Method 2 of Shifting Equilibrium Reactions - Answer-Changing the partial pressure of
gaseous reactants or products by changing the volume
Method 3 of Shifting Equilibrium Reactions - Answer-Changing the temperature
Reaction Thrown Out of Equilibrium - Answer-Will attempt to re-establish equilibrium
Le Chatelier's Principle - Answer-When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change
of temperature, pressure or concentration, the system shifts in equilibrium composition
so as to counteract the change imposed on it
Increase yield of Product (concentration) - Answer-Remove product, add reactant
Concentration (at equilibrium) Increased - Answer-Reaction shifts in the direction that
consumes some of that added material to re-establish equilibrium
Concentration (at equilibrium) Decreased - Answer-Reaction shifts in the direction that
produces some of that removed material
Increase yield of a Product (pressure) - Answer-Change the volume of a reaction
changes the partial pressure of moles of gas, effectively changing the concentrations of
those gases
Pressure and Volume Relationship - Answer-inversely related
Pressure doubled, volume ______ - Answer-halved
Pressure (at equilibrium) Increased - Answer-Reaction shifts in the direction that
decreases the pressure by going toward the side with the lesser moles of gas
Guide 2025/2026 – Well Explained &
Exam-Ready
Kinetics - Answer-the study of rates of reactions and how they are influenced by certain
factors
Influences Reactions Rates - Answer-Concentration, temperature, catalysts, surface
area
Temperature/Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase, higher temperature provides higher
kinetic energy
Catalyst/Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase, without being consumed
Surface Area/Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase, increased surface area of particles
increases reaction rate because solids only react at their surfaces (grinding solid into
fine powder)
Concentration/Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase, provides more reacting particles to
undergo reaction
Reaction Rate - Answer-Increase in molar concentration of product per unit of time or
the decrease in molar concentration per unit of time
Reaction Rate Units - Answer-moles per liter per second (mol/L*s)
Reaction Rate Equation - Answer-Change in concentration/change in time
(products=positive, reactants=add negative sign)
Average Rate - Answer-Determined by using initial and final concentrations and initial
and final times so that the result measures the rate over the entire reaction
Instantaneous Rate - Answer-The change in concentration of reactants (or products)
divided by a very short period of time
, Reaction Quotient - Answer-Expression that has the same form as the equilibrium
constant expression but whose concentrations are not equal to those at equilibrium
Qc > Kc - Answer-Reaction proceeds to the left (in direction of the reactants)
Qc < Kc - Answer-Reaction proceeds forward to the right (in the direction of the
products)
Qc = Kc - Answer-Reaction is at equilibrium
Equilibrium Reactions - Answer-Do not go to completion, significant reactant is wasted
Method 1 Shifting Equilibrium Reactions - Answer-Changing the concentrations by
adding or removing reactants or products
Method 2 of Shifting Equilibrium Reactions - Answer-Changing the partial pressure of
gaseous reactants or products by changing the volume
Method 3 of Shifting Equilibrium Reactions - Answer-Changing the temperature
Reaction Thrown Out of Equilibrium - Answer-Will attempt to re-establish equilibrium
Le Chatelier's Principle - Answer-When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by a change
of temperature, pressure or concentration, the system shifts in equilibrium composition
so as to counteract the change imposed on it
Increase yield of Product (concentration) - Answer-Remove product, add reactant
Concentration (at equilibrium) Increased - Answer-Reaction shifts in the direction that
consumes some of that added material to re-establish equilibrium
Concentration (at equilibrium) Decreased - Answer-Reaction shifts in the direction that
produces some of that removed material
Increase yield of a Product (pressure) - Answer-Change the volume of a reaction
changes the partial pressure of moles of gas, effectively changing the concentrations of
those gases
Pressure and Volume Relationship - Answer-inversely related
Pressure doubled, volume ______ - Answer-halved
Pressure (at equilibrium) Increased - Answer-Reaction shifts in the direction that
decreases the pressure by going toward the side with the lesser moles of gas
