ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | ALREADY PASSED
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Definition
Manual coding allows clinicians to capture subtle language
features, such as specific grammatical errors and
conversational structures,
that automated programs might overlook. It also provides
greater
flexibility in analyzing diverse speech patterns, ensuring a
more tailored and detailed assessment of a child's
language abilities.
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Self-talk: Manual/ Hand coding
, Parallel- Hanen's It Takes Two to Talk &
talk:
More Than Words
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2 of 51
Definition
-These prompts usually begin with what, where, when, why,
and how questions. Like open-ended prompts, wh- prompts
focus on the
pictures in books. For example, you might say, "What's the
name of this?" while pointing to an object in the book.
-Wh- questions teach children new vocabulary.
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Recall prompts: Open-ended prompts
Pivot schemas: Wh- prompts:
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, 3 of 51
Definition
Adult describes his or her actions while engaging in play
with the
child (I'm putting the baby in the bathtub, I'm washing the
baby, my baby is splashing) does not require the child to
speak. Be mindful of troubles with pronouns and children with
echolalia.
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Parallel-talk: Extension:
Hanen's It Takes Two To Talk &
Self-talk: More Than Words
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Definition
-These prompts focus on the pictures in books. They work
best for books that have rich, detailed illustrations. For
example, while looking at a page in a book that the child is
familiar with, you might say, "Tell me what's happening in
this picture."
-Open-ended prompts help children increase their
expressive fluency and attend to detail.
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, Hybrid Approaches: Focused approaches:
Distancing prompts: Open-ended prompts
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Definition
The Computerized Language Analysis (Deeper analysis and
Multilingual Flexibility) program automates morpheme
coding and offers advanced analysis tools, making
language sample analysis more efficient and accurate.
Limitations:
The comparison database is for English-speaking children
only. CHILDES lacks complete demographic data.
KIDEVAL results are still considered experimental for
clinical diagnosis.
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What is telegraphic speech?
Pros/ cons? What is CLAN? Pros/ Cons?
What does TTR tell us
about development? What is SUGAR? Pros/ Cons?
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