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Bergen Community College
BIO 109 Exam 2 Review Questions and
Answers 2026 Latest Update
What is the weakest bone in the body? Ans: The clavicle because of its S
shape
What is rickets? Ans: It a bone disorder that decreases vitamin D, makes a
barrel chest, bow legged, and deforms lungs
What happens If your calcium level is too high or low? Ans: If it is high you
are at risk for cardiac risk
If it is low you are at risk for respiratory arrest
What are the two types of bones? Ans: Axial and Appendicular
What does the axial skeleton include? Ans: Skull bones, auditory ossicles,
hyoid bone, ribs, sternum, and bones of the vertebral column
What are intervertebral disc for? Ans: For shock
Where would you find hyaline cartilage? Ans: ends of long bones, joints, rib
cage, nose, ears, larynx, and trachea.
What is the subscapular fossa? Ans: The front surface of the scapula
What is the sacroiliac joint? Ans: Where the sacrum and the ilium meet.
What is lanuge hair? Ans: Hair found on baby
What is vellus hair? Ans: Peach fuzz, it is short, fine pale, and barley visible
What is terminal hair? Ans: Long, course, heavily pigmented
What is sebaceous (oil) glands? Ans: It is connected to hair follicles, secretes
sebum which prevents dehydration of hair and skin, stops bacteria growth.
© 2026 All rights reserved
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What is hypoxia? Ans: The body does not have oxygen, blue lips/skin
What is cerumen? Ans: Earwax
Know the nail. What is the tip called, middle of nail, top of nail, and cuticle
called. Ans: Free edge, nail body, lenula, eponychium, nail root
The phases of a scab? Ans: Inflammatory phase - blood clot, migratory
phase - scab and epithelium grows, proliferative phase - more epithelium
grows, maturation phase - scab falls off, dermis is normal, blood vessels and
fibroblasts are all normal.
Who lacks oxygen? Ans: Spongy Bone
What is periosteum? Ans: Tough sheath of dense irregular connective tissue
on the outside of the bone.
What are the 6 important functions of the bone? Ans: Support, protect,
assist, store and release salt of calcium and phosphorus, blood cell
production, store triglycerides in adipose cells.
Where do we find spongy bone? Ans: Interior of bones, at the end of
epiphysis or long bone.
What do osteoclasts do? Ans: Clean up, large breakdown of cells
What do osteoblasts do? Ans: build, bone formation and remodeling
What is the diaphysis? Ans: The shaft of the bone
What are osteocytes for? Ans: They maintain
How many curves does an adult have? Ans: Cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral
C1 is called? Ans: Atas and it makes you say yes
C2 is called? Ans: Axis and it makes you say no
What is stenosis? Ans: a condition that refers to narrowing of a channel or
passage way of the body
Why do we have bones? Ans: For movement
Where should the scapula be? Ans: The second and seventh rib
© 2026 All rights reserved
Bergen Community College
BIO 109 Exam 2 Review Questions and
Answers 2026 Latest Update
What is the weakest bone in the body? Ans: The clavicle because of its S
shape
What is rickets? Ans: It a bone disorder that decreases vitamin D, makes a
barrel chest, bow legged, and deforms lungs
What happens If your calcium level is too high or low? Ans: If it is high you
are at risk for cardiac risk
If it is low you are at risk for respiratory arrest
What are the two types of bones? Ans: Axial and Appendicular
What does the axial skeleton include? Ans: Skull bones, auditory ossicles,
hyoid bone, ribs, sternum, and bones of the vertebral column
What are intervertebral disc for? Ans: For shock
Where would you find hyaline cartilage? Ans: ends of long bones, joints, rib
cage, nose, ears, larynx, and trachea.
What is the subscapular fossa? Ans: The front surface of the scapula
What is the sacroiliac joint? Ans: Where the sacrum and the ilium meet.
What is lanuge hair? Ans: Hair found on baby
What is vellus hair? Ans: Peach fuzz, it is short, fine pale, and barley visible
What is terminal hair? Ans: Long, course, heavily pigmented
What is sebaceous (oil) glands? Ans: It is connected to hair follicles, secretes
sebum which prevents dehydration of hair and skin, stops bacteria growth.
© 2026 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
What is hypoxia? Ans: The body does not have oxygen, blue lips/skin
What is cerumen? Ans: Earwax
Know the nail. What is the tip called, middle of nail, top of nail, and cuticle
called. Ans: Free edge, nail body, lenula, eponychium, nail root
The phases of a scab? Ans: Inflammatory phase - blood clot, migratory
phase - scab and epithelium grows, proliferative phase - more epithelium
grows, maturation phase - scab falls off, dermis is normal, blood vessels and
fibroblasts are all normal.
Who lacks oxygen? Ans: Spongy Bone
What is periosteum? Ans: Tough sheath of dense irregular connective tissue
on the outside of the bone.
What are the 6 important functions of the bone? Ans: Support, protect,
assist, store and release salt of calcium and phosphorus, blood cell
production, store triglycerides in adipose cells.
Where do we find spongy bone? Ans: Interior of bones, at the end of
epiphysis or long bone.
What do osteoclasts do? Ans: Clean up, large breakdown of cells
What do osteoblasts do? Ans: build, bone formation and remodeling
What is the diaphysis? Ans: The shaft of the bone
What are osteocytes for? Ans: They maintain
How many curves does an adult have? Ans: Cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral
C1 is called? Ans: Atas and it makes you say yes
C2 is called? Ans: Axis and it makes you say no
What is stenosis? Ans: a condition that refers to narrowing of a channel or
passage way of the body
Why do we have bones? Ans: For movement
Where should the scapula be? Ans: The second and seventh rib
© 2026 All rights reserved
