Ebersole and hess gerontological nursing and
healthy aging aging 5 th edition touhy testbank
A*~man*~is*~terminally*~ill*~with*~end-
stage*~prostate*~cancer.*~Which*~is*~the*~best*~statement*~about*~this*~man's*~wellness?
a. Wellness*~can*~only*~be*~achieved*~with*~aggressive*~medical*~interventions.
b. Wellness*~is*~not*~a*~real*~option*~for*~this*~client*~because*~he*~is*~terminally*~ill.
c. Wellness*~is*~defined*~as*~the*~absence*~of*~disease.
d. Nursing*~interventions*~can*~help*~empower*~a*~client*~to*~achieve*~a*~higher*~level*~of*~wellnes
s
-*~ANS:*~D
Nursing*~interventions*~can*~help*~empower*~a*~client*~to*~achieve*~a*~higher*~level*~of*~welln
ess;*~a*~nurse*~can*~foster*~wellness*~in*~his*~or*~her*~clients.*~Wellness*~is*~defined*~by*~the*~i
ndividual*~and*~is*~multidimensional.*~It*~is*~not*~just*~the*~absence*~of*~disease.*~A*~wellness
*~perspective*~is*~based*~on*~the*~belief*~that*~every*~person*~has*~an*~optimal *~level *~of*~healt
h*~independent*~of*~his*~or*~her*~situation*~or*~functional*~level.*~Even*~in*~the*~presence*~of*~c
hronic*~illness*~or*~while*~dying,*~a*~movement*~toward*~wellness*~is*~possible*~if*~emphasis*~
of*~care*~is*~placed*~on*~the*~promotion*~of*~well-being*~in*~a*~supportive*~environment.
In*~differentiating*~between*~health*~and*~wellness*~in*~health*~care,*~which*~of*~the*~following*
~statements*~is*~true?
a. Health*~is*~a*~broad*~term*~encompassing*~attitudes*~and*~behaviors.
b. The*~concept*~of*~illness*~prevention*~was*~never*~considered*~by*~previous*~generations.
c. Wellness*~and*~self-actualization*~develop*~through*~learning*~and*~growth.
d. Wellness*~is*~impossible*~when*~one's*~health*~is*~compromised.*~-*~ANS:*~A
Health*~is*~a*~broad*~term*~that*~encompasses*~attitudes*~and*~behaviors;*~holistically,*~he
alth*~includes*~wellness,*~which*~involves*~one's*~whole*~being.*~The*~concept*~of*~illness*~pr
evention*~was*~never*~considered*~by*~previous*~generations;*~throughout*~history,*~basic*
~self-care*~requirements*~have*~been*~recognized.*~Wellness*~and*~self-
actualization*~develop*~through*~learning*~and*~growth—
as*~basic*~needs*~are*~met,*~higher*~level*~needs*~can*~be*~satisfied*~in*~turn,*~with*~ever-
deepening*~richness*~to*~life.*~Wellness*~is*~possible*~when*~one's*~health*~is*~compromise
d—
even*~with*~chronic*~illness,*~with*~multiple*~disabilities,*~or*~in*~dying,*~movement*~toward*~
a*~higher*~level*~of*~wellness*~is*~possible.
Which*~racial*~or*~ethnic*~group*~has*~the*~highest*~life*~expectancy*~in*~the*~United*~States?
a. Native*~Americans
b. African*~Americans
c. Hispanic*~Americans
d. Asian*~and*~Pacific*~Island*~Americans*~-*~ANS:*~C
As*~shown*~in*~Figure*~1.4,*~Hispanic*~men*~and*~women*~have*~the*~highest*~life*~expectan
cy*~of*~all.*~In*~2011,*~for*~those*~of*~Hispanic*~origin*~of*~any*~race,*~the*~overall*~life*~expect
ancy*~at*~65*~years*~of*~age*~was*~20.7*~more*~years*~in*~2011*~(19.1*~years*~for*~men*~and*~
,21.8*~years*~for*~women).
Historical*~influences*~that*~have*~shaped*~the*~lives*~of*~the*~majority*~of*~the*~in-
between*~cohort*~in*~the*~United*~States*~today*~include*~which*~of*~the*~following?
a. Influenza*~epidemic*~of*~1918
b. World*~War*~I
c. Child*~rearing*~in*~the*~Depression
d. World*~War*~II*~-*~ANS:*~D
Those*~who*~are*~in*~the*~in-
between*~cohort*~in*~2016*~were*~born*~between*~1915*~and*~1945.*~The*~men*~were*~likely*~
to*~have*~fought*~in*~World*~War*~II.*~The*~last*~of*~the*~Holocaust*~survivors*~are*~in*~this*~gro
up.*~A*~person*~who*~survived*~the*~influenza*~epidemic*~would*~be*~at*~least*~98*~years*~old*
~in*~2016*~and*~therefore*~would*~be*~considered*~old-
old*~or*~a*~centenarian.*~Most*~of*~those*~who*~are*~of*~the*~in-
between*~cohort*~had*~not*~reached*~childbearing*~age*~by*~the*~end*~of*~the*~Depression.*~I
ndividuals*~in*~the*~in-
between*~cohort*~would*~not*~have*~been*~old*~enough*~to*~fight*~in*~World*~War*~II.
According*~to*~researchers,*~which*~characteristic*~do*~most*~centenarians*~share?
a. Female
b. Hispanic
c. Living*~in*~rural*~areas
d. Located*~in*~the*~Midwestern*~states*~-*~ANS:*~A
Based*~on*~the*~U.S.*~census*~report*~of*~2010,*~centenarians*~were*~overwhelmingly*~white,
*~female,*~and*~living*~in*~the*~urban*~areas*~of*~the*~Southern*~states.
Which*~nursing*~intervention*~is*~a*~holistic*~approach*~to*~an*~older*~adult?
a. Performs*~glucose*~testing*~during*~the*~weekly*~worship*~service
b. Wheels*~ambulatory*~adults*~to*~exercise*~when*~running*~late
c. Assigns*~female*~nurses*~to*~older*~women*~who*~are*~Islamic
d. Allows*~older*~adults*~in*~a*~nursing*~home*~to*~eat*~meals*~alone*~-*~ANS:*~C
The*~nurse*~uses*~a*~holistic*~approach*~to*~the*~care*~of*~an*~older*~female*~adult*~who*~is*~I
slamic*~because*~the*~woman*~and*~her*~family*~are*~more*~likely*~to*~be*~willing*~participant
s*~in*~a*~therapeutic*~regimen*~that*~respects*~a*~tenet*~of*~their*~culture.*~Interrupting*~an*~ol
der*~adult's*~worship*~with*~glucose*~testing*~can*~be*~interpreted*~as*~a*~lack*~of*~respect*~for
*~spiritual *~needs.*~The*~nurse*~can*~provide*~for*~and*~respect*~the*~physical *~and*~spiritual *~
aspects*~of*~the*~older*~adult's*~life*~by*~testing*~for*~glucose*~before*~the*~service*~begins.*~I
n*~transporting*~ambulatory*~adults*~to*~the*~exercise*~program*~in*~wheelchairs*~to*~save*~ti
me,*~the*~nurse*~disregards*~the*~need*~for*~self-
esteem*~and*~exercise,*~both*~important*~aspects*~of*~physical*~well-being.
Ambulatory*~adults*~can*~walk*~with*~assistance,*~if*~needed,*~to*~exercise*~programs*~and*
~can*~benefit*~from*~the*~additional *~activity*~and*~independence.*~The*~nurse*~can*~be*~tem
pted*~to*~allow*~an*~older*~adult*~to*~eat*~meals*~alone*~in*~his*~or*~her*~room*~if*~this*~will*~moti
,vate*~the*~person*~to*~eat*~or*~if*~the*~older*~adult*~has*~dysphasia*~and*~is*~embarrassed.*~H
owever,*~although
focusing*~on*~physical*~needs,*~the*~nurse*~ignores*~psychosocial*~and*~other*~aspects*~of*~h
ealth*~and*~well-being.
An*~older*~man*~who*~resides*~in*~a*~nursing*~home*~has*~a*~total*~cholesterol*~level*~of*~245*
~mg/dL.*~Which*~nursing*~intervention*~is*~most*~likely*~to*~assist*~this*~man*~in*~achieving*~hi
s*~highest*~level*~of*~wellness?
a. Instruct*~him*~about*~increasing*~dietary*~fiber.
b. Ask*~the*~health*~care*~provider*~for*~a*~low-fat*~diet.
c. Schedule*~a*~consultation*~for*~him*~with*~the*~dietitian.
d. Review*~a*~menu*~with*~him*~to*~choose*~suitable*~foods.*~-*~ANS:*~D
The*~nurse*~collaborates*~with*~the*~older*~adult*~to*~choose*~suitable*~foods,*~which*~is*~likel
y*~to*~be*~an*~effective*~nursing*~intervention*~to*~help*~an*~older*~adult*~with*~hyperlipidemia*
~achieve*~optimal *~health*~and*~well-
being;*~it*~gives*~him*~some*~control*~over*~the*~regimen*~and*~thus*~engages*~him*~in*~the*~
process*~of*~lowering*~serum*~cholesterol.*~Informing*~the*~older*~man*~about*~dietary*~fibe
r*~offers*~no*~control*~to*~him*~because*~he*~is*~not*~part*~of*~the*~decision.
Nursing*~interventions*~developed*~with*~the*~older*~adult's*~collaboration*~are*~most*~likely*
~to*~help*~the*~older*~adult*~achieve*~health*~and*~wellness.*~Collaborating*~with*~the*~health*
~care*~provider*~for*~a*~low-
fat*~diet*~is*~a*~reasonable*~approach*~to*~help*~this*~man*~with*~hyperlipidemia*~to*~achieve*~
health*~and*~wellness.*~However,*~he*~is*~more*~likely*~to*~have*~motivation*~and*~enthusias
m*~for*~a*~therapeutic*~regimen*~over*~which*~he*~has*~had*~some*~control.*~Scheduling*~a*~c
onsultation*~with*~a*~dietitian*~is*~a*~reasonable*~approach*~to*~an*~older*~adult*~with*~hyperli
pidemia*~and*~is*~a*~part*~of*~a*~multifaceted*~approach*~to*~optimizing*~his*~health.
However,*~the*~older*~adult*~is*~more*~likely*~to*~engage*~in*~a*~regimen*~over*~which*~he*~has*~inp
ut.
Which*~approach*~requires*~the*~nurse*~to*~integrate*~and*~balance*~all*~aspects*~of*~an*~indi
vidual's*~life*~into*~the*~plan*~of*~care?
a. Holistic*~nursing
b. Healthy*~People*~2020
c. Maslow's*~hierarchy*~of*~human*~needs
d. Orem's*~self-care*~requirements*~-*~ANS:*~A
Holistic*~nursing*~integrates*~all*~aspects*~of*~an*~individual's*~life*~into*~the*~plan*~of*~care*~b
y*~balancing*~an*~individual's*~internal*~and*~external*~environment*~with*~psychosocial,*~spi
ritual,*~cultural,*~and*~physical*~processes.*~Healthy*~People*~2020,*~an*~updated*~documen
t*~from*~2000*~that*~outlines*~the*~goals*~for*~achieving*~health*~in*~this*~country,*~is*~a*~mand
ate*~for*~health*~care*~professionals*~to*~follow*~with*~467*~objectives*~in*~28*~focus*~areas.*~M
aslow's*~hierarchy*~of*~human*~needs*~provides*~a*~basis*~for*~understanding*~individuals*~i
n*~context*~and*~for*~ranking*~nursing*~assessments,*~diagnoses,*~goals,*~and*~intervention
s*~in*~order*~of*~importance.
Dorothea*~Orem's*~self-
care*~requirements*~lists*~human*~needs,*~including*~the*~need*~for*~air,*~fluids,*~nutrition,*~hy
giene,*~elimination,*~activity,*~comfort,*~relief*~from*~suffering,*~and*~skin*~integrity.*~The*~nur
se*~helps*~individuals*~meet*~these*~needs*~to*~achieve*~optimal*~health*~and*~wellness.
, The*~nurse*~plans*~activities*~for*~older*~women*~born*~between*~1920*~and*~1930*~and*~wh
o*~reside*~in*~an*~assisted-
living*~facility.*~Which*~is*~the*~best*~intervention*~for*~the*~nurse*~to*~implement?
a. Have*~them*~bake*~cookies*~twice*~a*~week.
b. Conduct*~interviews*~for*~specific*~interests.
c. Arrange*~dog*~and*~cat*~visits*~from*~volunteers.
d. Take*~them*~to*~the*~library*~for*~guest*~speakers.*~-*~ANS:*~B
The*~nurse*~conducts*~individual*~interviews*~with*~the*~women*~to*~determine*~their*~interes
ts*~and*~to*~avoid*~generalizing;*~as*~people*~live*~longer,*~they*~become*~more*~and*~more*~
unique.*~Because*~most*~of*~these*~women*~are*~in*~their*~80s*~and*~90s*~were*~born*~betwe
en*~1920*~and*~1930*~and*~have*~generally*~spent*~their*~lives*~as*~homemakers,*~the*~nurse
*~presumes*~to*~know*~what*~activities*~they*~will *~enjoy.*~The*~nurse*~avoids*~arranging*~grou
p*~activities*~until*~individual*~interests*~are*~determined.*~In*~addition,*~the*~nurse*~must*~ass
ess*~for*~allergies*~and*~individual*~fears*~of*~animals*~before*~exposing*~an*~older*~adult*~to*~
a*~pet*~visit.*~Unless*~it*~is*~organized*~on*~a*~voluntary*~basis,*~the*~nurse*~avoids*~arranging
*~visits*~by*~guest*~speakers.*~In*~addition,*~the*~nurse*~will *~assess*~each*~older*~woman*~bef
ore*~an*~outside*~visit*~to*~avoid*~embarrassing*~events,*~including*~incontinence*~and*~heari
ng*~and*~vision*~problems.
Which*~of*~the*~following*~issues*~in*~the*~care*~of*~older*~adults*~are*~identified*~in*~Healthy*~P
eople*~2020?
a. Delineating*~nursing*~staffing*~levels*~in*~long*~term*~care
b. Eradicating*~pressure*~ulcers*~in*~all*~care*~settings
c. Identifying*~minimum*~levels*~of*~training*~for*~people*~who*~care*~for*~older*~adults
d. Instituting*~mandatory*~training*~in*~identification*~of*~elder*~abuse*~for*~all*~caregivers*~of*~
older*~adults*~-*~ANS:*~C
Identifying*~minimum*~training*~levels*~for*~people*~who*~care*~for*~older*~adults*~is*~one*~
of*~the*~issues*~identified*~in*~Healthy*~People*~2020.*~The*~rest*~of*~the*~issues*~are*~not*~
discussed*~in*~Healthy*~People*~2020.
An*~older*~man*~asks*~a*~nurse:*~"How*~do*~you*~define*~aging?*~Do*~I*~meet*~the*~criteria*~of*~
a*~senior*~citizen?"*~The*~nurse*~understands*~that*~one*~can*~define*~aging*~in*~many*~differ
ent*~manners.*~If*~the*~nurse*~chooses*~to*~define*~aging*~as*~"social*~aging,"*~the*~nurse*~wo
uld*~consider*~which*~of*~the*~following*~aspects?
a. The*~man*~retired*~from*~his*~job*~as*~a*~police*~officer.
b. The*~man*~takes*~six*~different*~medications*~multiple*~times*~over*~the*~course*~of*~the*~day.
c. The*~man*~walks*~with*~a*~rolling*~walker.
d. The*~man*~celebrated*~his*~65th*~birthday.*~-*~ANS:*~A
Social*~aging*~is*~determined*~by*~changes*~in*~roles.*~Taking*~multiple*~medications*~multipl
e*~times*~over*~the*~course*~of*~the*~day*~and*~walking*~with*~a*~rolling*~walker*~are*~function
al*~determinants*~of*~aging.*~Age*~refers*~to*~chronological*~aging.
healthy aging aging 5 th edition touhy testbank
A*~man*~is*~terminally*~ill*~with*~end-
stage*~prostate*~cancer.*~Which*~is*~the*~best*~statement*~about*~this*~man's*~wellness?
a. Wellness*~can*~only*~be*~achieved*~with*~aggressive*~medical*~interventions.
b. Wellness*~is*~not*~a*~real*~option*~for*~this*~client*~because*~he*~is*~terminally*~ill.
c. Wellness*~is*~defined*~as*~the*~absence*~of*~disease.
d. Nursing*~interventions*~can*~help*~empower*~a*~client*~to*~achieve*~a*~higher*~level*~of*~wellnes
s
-*~ANS:*~D
Nursing*~interventions*~can*~help*~empower*~a*~client*~to*~achieve*~a*~higher*~level*~of*~welln
ess;*~a*~nurse*~can*~foster*~wellness*~in*~his*~or*~her*~clients.*~Wellness*~is*~defined*~by*~the*~i
ndividual*~and*~is*~multidimensional.*~It*~is*~not*~just*~the*~absence*~of*~disease.*~A*~wellness
*~perspective*~is*~based*~on*~the*~belief*~that*~every*~person*~has*~an*~optimal *~level *~of*~healt
h*~independent*~of*~his*~or*~her*~situation*~or*~functional*~level.*~Even*~in*~the*~presence*~of*~c
hronic*~illness*~or*~while*~dying,*~a*~movement*~toward*~wellness*~is*~possible*~if*~emphasis*~
of*~care*~is*~placed*~on*~the*~promotion*~of*~well-being*~in*~a*~supportive*~environment.
In*~differentiating*~between*~health*~and*~wellness*~in*~health*~care,*~which*~of*~the*~following*
~statements*~is*~true?
a. Health*~is*~a*~broad*~term*~encompassing*~attitudes*~and*~behaviors.
b. The*~concept*~of*~illness*~prevention*~was*~never*~considered*~by*~previous*~generations.
c. Wellness*~and*~self-actualization*~develop*~through*~learning*~and*~growth.
d. Wellness*~is*~impossible*~when*~one's*~health*~is*~compromised.*~-*~ANS:*~A
Health*~is*~a*~broad*~term*~that*~encompasses*~attitudes*~and*~behaviors;*~holistically,*~he
alth*~includes*~wellness,*~which*~involves*~one's*~whole*~being.*~The*~concept*~of*~illness*~pr
evention*~was*~never*~considered*~by*~previous*~generations;*~throughout*~history,*~basic*
~self-care*~requirements*~have*~been*~recognized.*~Wellness*~and*~self-
actualization*~develop*~through*~learning*~and*~growth—
as*~basic*~needs*~are*~met,*~higher*~level*~needs*~can*~be*~satisfied*~in*~turn,*~with*~ever-
deepening*~richness*~to*~life.*~Wellness*~is*~possible*~when*~one's*~health*~is*~compromise
d—
even*~with*~chronic*~illness,*~with*~multiple*~disabilities,*~or*~in*~dying,*~movement*~toward*~
a*~higher*~level*~of*~wellness*~is*~possible.
Which*~racial*~or*~ethnic*~group*~has*~the*~highest*~life*~expectancy*~in*~the*~United*~States?
a. Native*~Americans
b. African*~Americans
c. Hispanic*~Americans
d. Asian*~and*~Pacific*~Island*~Americans*~-*~ANS:*~C
As*~shown*~in*~Figure*~1.4,*~Hispanic*~men*~and*~women*~have*~the*~highest*~life*~expectan
cy*~of*~all.*~In*~2011,*~for*~those*~of*~Hispanic*~origin*~of*~any*~race,*~the*~overall*~life*~expect
ancy*~at*~65*~years*~of*~age*~was*~20.7*~more*~years*~in*~2011*~(19.1*~years*~for*~men*~and*~
,21.8*~years*~for*~women).
Historical*~influences*~that*~have*~shaped*~the*~lives*~of*~the*~majority*~of*~the*~in-
between*~cohort*~in*~the*~United*~States*~today*~include*~which*~of*~the*~following?
a. Influenza*~epidemic*~of*~1918
b. World*~War*~I
c. Child*~rearing*~in*~the*~Depression
d. World*~War*~II*~-*~ANS:*~D
Those*~who*~are*~in*~the*~in-
between*~cohort*~in*~2016*~were*~born*~between*~1915*~and*~1945.*~The*~men*~were*~likely*~
to*~have*~fought*~in*~World*~War*~II.*~The*~last*~of*~the*~Holocaust*~survivors*~are*~in*~this*~gro
up.*~A*~person*~who*~survived*~the*~influenza*~epidemic*~would*~be*~at*~least*~98*~years*~old*
~in*~2016*~and*~therefore*~would*~be*~considered*~old-
old*~or*~a*~centenarian.*~Most*~of*~those*~who*~are*~of*~the*~in-
between*~cohort*~had*~not*~reached*~childbearing*~age*~by*~the*~end*~of*~the*~Depression.*~I
ndividuals*~in*~the*~in-
between*~cohort*~would*~not*~have*~been*~old*~enough*~to*~fight*~in*~World*~War*~II.
According*~to*~researchers,*~which*~characteristic*~do*~most*~centenarians*~share?
a. Female
b. Hispanic
c. Living*~in*~rural*~areas
d. Located*~in*~the*~Midwestern*~states*~-*~ANS:*~A
Based*~on*~the*~U.S.*~census*~report*~of*~2010,*~centenarians*~were*~overwhelmingly*~white,
*~female,*~and*~living*~in*~the*~urban*~areas*~of*~the*~Southern*~states.
Which*~nursing*~intervention*~is*~a*~holistic*~approach*~to*~an*~older*~adult?
a. Performs*~glucose*~testing*~during*~the*~weekly*~worship*~service
b. Wheels*~ambulatory*~adults*~to*~exercise*~when*~running*~late
c. Assigns*~female*~nurses*~to*~older*~women*~who*~are*~Islamic
d. Allows*~older*~adults*~in*~a*~nursing*~home*~to*~eat*~meals*~alone*~-*~ANS:*~C
The*~nurse*~uses*~a*~holistic*~approach*~to*~the*~care*~of*~an*~older*~female*~adult*~who*~is*~I
slamic*~because*~the*~woman*~and*~her*~family*~are*~more*~likely*~to*~be*~willing*~participant
s*~in*~a*~therapeutic*~regimen*~that*~respects*~a*~tenet*~of*~their*~culture.*~Interrupting*~an*~ol
der*~adult's*~worship*~with*~glucose*~testing*~can*~be*~interpreted*~as*~a*~lack*~of*~respect*~for
*~spiritual *~needs.*~The*~nurse*~can*~provide*~for*~and*~respect*~the*~physical *~and*~spiritual *~
aspects*~of*~the*~older*~adult's*~life*~by*~testing*~for*~glucose*~before*~the*~service*~begins.*~I
n*~transporting*~ambulatory*~adults*~to*~the*~exercise*~program*~in*~wheelchairs*~to*~save*~ti
me,*~the*~nurse*~disregards*~the*~need*~for*~self-
esteem*~and*~exercise,*~both*~important*~aspects*~of*~physical*~well-being.
Ambulatory*~adults*~can*~walk*~with*~assistance,*~if*~needed,*~to*~exercise*~programs*~and*
~can*~benefit*~from*~the*~additional *~activity*~and*~independence.*~The*~nurse*~can*~be*~tem
pted*~to*~allow*~an*~older*~adult*~to*~eat*~meals*~alone*~in*~his*~or*~her*~room*~if*~this*~will*~moti
,vate*~the*~person*~to*~eat*~or*~if*~the*~older*~adult*~has*~dysphasia*~and*~is*~embarrassed.*~H
owever,*~although
focusing*~on*~physical*~needs,*~the*~nurse*~ignores*~psychosocial*~and*~other*~aspects*~of*~h
ealth*~and*~well-being.
An*~older*~man*~who*~resides*~in*~a*~nursing*~home*~has*~a*~total*~cholesterol*~level*~of*~245*
~mg/dL.*~Which*~nursing*~intervention*~is*~most*~likely*~to*~assist*~this*~man*~in*~achieving*~hi
s*~highest*~level*~of*~wellness?
a. Instruct*~him*~about*~increasing*~dietary*~fiber.
b. Ask*~the*~health*~care*~provider*~for*~a*~low-fat*~diet.
c. Schedule*~a*~consultation*~for*~him*~with*~the*~dietitian.
d. Review*~a*~menu*~with*~him*~to*~choose*~suitable*~foods.*~-*~ANS:*~D
The*~nurse*~collaborates*~with*~the*~older*~adult*~to*~choose*~suitable*~foods,*~which*~is*~likel
y*~to*~be*~an*~effective*~nursing*~intervention*~to*~help*~an*~older*~adult*~with*~hyperlipidemia*
~achieve*~optimal *~health*~and*~well-
being;*~it*~gives*~him*~some*~control*~over*~the*~regimen*~and*~thus*~engages*~him*~in*~the*~
process*~of*~lowering*~serum*~cholesterol.*~Informing*~the*~older*~man*~about*~dietary*~fibe
r*~offers*~no*~control*~to*~him*~because*~he*~is*~not*~part*~of*~the*~decision.
Nursing*~interventions*~developed*~with*~the*~older*~adult's*~collaboration*~are*~most*~likely*
~to*~help*~the*~older*~adult*~achieve*~health*~and*~wellness.*~Collaborating*~with*~the*~health*
~care*~provider*~for*~a*~low-
fat*~diet*~is*~a*~reasonable*~approach*~to*~help*~this*~man*~with*~hyperlipidemia*~to*~achieve*~
health*~and*~wellness.*~However,*~he*~is*~more*~likely*~to*~have*~motivation*~and*~enthusias
m*~for*~a*~therapeutic*~regimen*~over*~which*~he*~has*~had*~some*~control.*~Scheduling*~a*~c
onsultation*~with*~a*~dietitian*~is*~a*~reasonable*~approach*~to*~an*~older*~adult*~with*~hyperli
pidemia*~and*~is*~a*~part*~of*~a*~multifaceted*~approach*~to*~optimizing*~his*~health.
However,*~the*~older*~adult*~is*~more*~likely*~to*~engage*~in*~a*~regimen*~over*~which*~he*~has*~inp
ut.
Which*~approach*~requires*~the*~nurse*~to*~integrate*~and*~balance*~all*~aspects*~of*~an*~indi
vidual's*~life*~into*~the*~plan*~of*~care?
a. Holistic*~nursing
b. Healthy*~People*~2020
c. Maslow's*~hierarchy*~of*~human*~needs
d. Orem's*~self-care*~requirements*~-*~ANS:*~A
Holistic*~nursing*~integrates*~all*~aspects*~of*~an*~individual's*~life*~into*~the*~plan*~of*~care*~b
y*~balancing*~an*~individual's*~internal*~and*~external*~environment*~with*~psychosocial,*~spi
ritual,*~cultural,*~and*~physical*~processes.*~Healthy*~People*~2020,*~an*~updated*~documen
t*~from*~2000*~that*~outlines*~the*~goals*~for*~achieving*~health*~in*~this*~country,*~is*~a*~mand
ate*~for*~health*~care*~professionals*~to*~follow*~with*~467*~objectives*~in*~28*~focus*~areas.*~M
aslow's*~hierarchy*~of*~human*~needs*~provides*~a*~basis*~for*~understanding*~individuals*~i
n*~context*~and*~for*~ranking*~nursing*~assessments,*~diagnoses,*~goals,*~and*~intervention
s*~in*~order*~of*~importance.
Dorothea*~Orem's*~self-
care*~requirements*~lists*~human*~needs,*~including*~the*~need*~for*~air,*~fluids,*~nutrition,*~hy
giene,*~elimination,*~activity,*~comfort,*~relief*~from*~suffering,*~and*~skin*~integrity.*~The*~nur
se*~helps*~individuals*~meet*~these*~needs*~to*~achieve*~optimal*~health*~and*~wellness.
, The*~nurse*~plans*~activities*~for*~older*~women*~born*~between*~1920*~and*~1930*~and*~wh
o*~reside*~in*~an*~assisted-
living*~facility.*~Which*~is*~the*~best*~intervention*~for*~the*~nurse*~to*~implement?
a. Have*~them*~bake*~cookies*~twice*~a*~week.
b. Conduct*~interviews*~for*~specific*~interests.
c. Arrange*~dog*~and*~cat*~visits*~from*~volunteers.
d. Take*~them*~to*~the*~library*~for*~guest*~speakers.*~-*~ANS:*~B
The*~nurse*~conducts*~individual*~interviews*~with*~the*~women*~to*~determine*~their*~interes
ts*~and*~to*~avoid*~generalizing;*~as*~people*~live*~longer,*~they*~become*~more*~and*~more*~
unique.*~Because*~most*~of*~these*~women*~are*~in*~their*~80s*~and*~90s*~were*~born*~betwe
en*~1920*~and*~1930*~and*~have*~generally*~spent*~their*~lives*~as*~homemakers,*~the*~nurse
*~presumes*~to*~know*~what*~activities*~they*~will *~enjoy.*~The*~nurse*~avoids*~arranging*~grou
p*~activities*~until*~individual*~interests*~are*~determined.*~In*~addition,*~the*~nurse*~must*~ass
ess*~for*~allergies*~and*~individual*~fears*~of*~animals*~before*~exposing*~an*~older*~adult*~to*~
a*~pet*~visit.*~Unless*~it*~is*~organized*~on*~a*~voluntary*~basis,*~the*~nurse*~avoids*~arranging
*~visits*~by*~guest*~speakers.*~In*~addition,*~the*~nurse*~will *~assess*~each*~older*~woman*~bef
ore*~an*~outside*~visit*~to*~avoid*~embarrassing*~events,*~including*~incontinence*~and*~heari
ng*~and*~vision*~problems.
Which*~of*~the*~following*~issues*~in*~the*~care*~of*~older*~adults*~are*~identified*~in*~Healthy*~P
eople*~2020?
a. Delineating*~nursing*~staffing*~levels*~in*~long*~term*~care
b. Eradicating*~pressure*~ulcers*~in*~all*~care*~settings
c. Identifying*~minimum*~levels*~of*~training*~for*~people*~who*~care*~for*~older*~adults
d. Instituting*~mandatory*~training*~in*~identification*~of*~elder*~abuse*~for*~all*~caregivers*~of*~
older*~adults*~-*~ANS:*~C
Identifying*~minimum*~training*~levels*~for*~people*~who*~care*~for*~older*~adults*~is*~one*~
of*~the*~issues*~identified*~in*~Healthy*~People*~2020.*~The*~rest*~of*~the*~issues*~are*~not*~
discussed*~in*~Healthy*~People*~2020.
An*~older*~man*~asks*~a*~nurse:*~"How*~do*~you*~define*~aging?*~Do*~I*~meet*~the*~criteria*~of*~
a*~senior*~citizen?"*~The*~nurse*~understands*~that*~one*~can*~define*~aging*~in*~many*~differ
ent*~manners.*~If*~the*~nurse*~chooses*~to*~define*~aging*~as*~"social*~aging,"*~the*~nurse*~wo
uld*~consider*~which*~of*~the*~following*~aspects?
a. The*~man*~retired*~from*~his*~job*~as*~a*~police*~officer.
b. The*~man*~takes*~six*~different*~medications*~multiple*~times*~over*~the*~course*~of*~the*~day.
c. The*~man*~walks*~with*~a*~rolling*~walker.
d. The*~man*~celebrated*~his*~65th*~birthday.*~-*~ANS:*~A
Social*~aging*~is*~determined*~by*~changes*~in*~roles.*~Taking*~multiple*~medications*~multipl
e*~times*~over*~the*~course*~of*~the*~day*~and*~walking*~with*~a*~rolling*~walker*~are*~function
al*~determinants*~of*~aging.*~Age*~refers*~to*~chronological*~aging.
