WILLIAMS' ESSENTIALS OF
NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY
13TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)JOYCE ANN GILBERT;
ELEANOR SCHLENKER
TEST BANK
1⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nutrition and Health
Clinical Question Stem
A 56-year-old man with newly diagnosed hypertension tells a
nurse he eats fast food 5 times/week, rarely eats vegetables,
and drinks two sugary sodas daily. His BMI is 31 kg/m² and
fasting glucose is 105 mg/dL. Which nutrition-focused priority
should the nurse address first to reduce his cardiovascular risk?
,Options
A. Begin a calorie-restricted diet for rapid weight loss.
B. Replace sugary sodas with water or unsweetened beverages.
C. Recommend a low-sodium DASH-style plan immediately.
D. Advise daily fiber supplements to lower LDL cholesterol.
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
Correct (B): Replacing sugary sodas immediately reduces
simple-sugar intake and caloric load, improves glycemic control,
and lowers weight gain pressure—practical, high-impact
behavior change consistent with health-promotion strategies in
primary prevention. It’s an achievable first step that addresses
an evident modifiable risk factor.
Incorrect (A): Rapid weight-loss programs can be unsafe and
less sustainable; initial focus should be on achievable dietary
substitutions and behavior change.
Incorrect (C): A DASH-style, lower-sodium plan is appropriate
for hypertension but may be less immediately actionable than
eliminating sugary beverages; sodium reduction can follow once
beverage intake is controlled.
Incorrect (D): Fiber supplements may help lipid profiles but do
not address the prominent simple-sugar excess driving his
elevated glucose and caloric intake.
,Teaching Point
Start with simple, high-impact dietary swaps (e.g., remove
sugary drinks) to reduce cardiometabolic risk.
Citation
Gilbert, J. A., & Schlenker, E. (2024). Williams’ Essentials of
Nutrition and Diet Therapy (13th ed.). Chapter 1.
2️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nutrition Guides for Food Selection
Clinical Question Stem
A community health worker is designing a pamphlet for low-
literacy adults about using food guides. Which intervention will
most effectively help participants convert the guide into daily
food choices?
Options
A. Give a full copy of the national dietary guideline text for
home reading.
B. Provide a plate model with portion visuals and culturally
familiar foods.
C. Encourage following a weight-loss meal-replacement plan.
D. Hand out calorie-counting apps and intensive tracking
instructions.
Correct Answer
B
, Rationales
Correct (B): Visual plate models with culturally relevant
examples translate abstract guidelines into practical choices and
improve comprehension for low-literacy populations—aligns
with health-promotion and food-selection principles.
Incorrect (A): Dense guideline text is not accessible for low-
literacy audiences and will not facilitate behavior change.
Incorrect (C): Meal replacements may be unnecessary and less
sustainable for general healthy eating education.
Incorrect (D): Intensive tracking is often burdensome and not
suitable for low-literacy groups needing simple, visual guidance.
Teaching Point
Use culturally tailored plate visuals to make food guides
actionable for low-literacy groups.
Citation
Gilbert, J. A., & Schlenker, E. (2024). Williams’ Essentials of
Nutrition and Diet Therapy (13th ed.). Chapter 1.
3⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nutrition and Health
Clinical Question Stem
A 28-year-old pregnant woman in her first trimester reports
frequent nausea and a 5% weight loss since conception. Her
NUTRITION AND DIET THERAPY
13TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)JOYCE ANN GILBERT;
ELEANOR SCHLENKER
TEST BANK
1⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nutrition and Health
Clinical Question Stem
A 56-year-old man with newly diagnosed hypertension tells a
nurse he eats fast food 5 times/week, rarely eats vegetables,
and drinks two sugary sodas daily. His BMI is 31 kg/m² and
fasting glucose is 105 mg/dL. Which nutrition-focused priority
should the nurse address first to reduce his cardiovascular risk?
,Options
A. Begin a calorie-restricted diet for rapid weight loss.
B. Replace sugary sodas with water or unsweetened beverages.
C. Recommend a low-sodium DASH-style plan immediately.
D. Advise daily fiber supplements to lower LDL cholesterol.
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
Correct (B): Replacing sugary sodas immediately reduces
simple-sugar intake and caloric load, improves glycemic control,
and lowers weight gain pressure—practical, high-impact
behavior change consistent with health-promotion strategies in
primary prevention. It’s an achievable first step that addresses
an evident modifiable risk factor.
Incorrect (A): Rapid weight-loss programs can be unsafe and
less sustainable; initial focus should be on achievable dietary
substitutions and behavior change.
Incorrect (C): A DASH-style, lower-sodium plan is appropriate
for hypertension but may be less immediately actionable than
eliminating sugary beverages; sodium reduction can follow once
beverage intake is controlled.
Incorrect (D): Fiber supplements may help lipid profiles but do
not address the prominent simple-sugar excess driving his
elevated glucose and caloric intake.
,Teaching Point
Start with simple, high-impact dietary swaps (e.g., remove
sugary drinks) to reduce cardiometabolic risk.
Citation
Gilbert, J. A., & Schlenker, E. (2024). Williams’ Essentials of
Nutrition and Diet Therapy (13th ed.). Chapter 1.
2️⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nutrition Guides for Food Selection
Clinical Question Stem
A community health worker is designing a pamphlet for low-
literacy adults about using food guides. Which intervention will
most effectively help participants convert the guide into daily
food choices?
Options
A. Give a full copy of the national dietary guideline text for
home reading.
B. Provide a plate model with portion visuals and culturally
familiar foods.
C. Encourage following a weight-loss meal-replacement plan.
D. Hand out calorie-counting apps and intensive tracking
instructions.
Correct Answer
B
, Rationales
Correct (B): Visual plate models with culturally relevant
examples translate abstract guidelines into practical choices and
improve comprehension for low-literacy populations—aligns
with health-promotion and food-selection principles.
Incorrect (A): Dense guideline text is not accessible for low-
literacy audiences and will not facilitate behavior change.
Incorrect (C): Meal replacements may be unnecessary and less
sustainable for general healthy eating education.
Incorrect (D): Intensive tracking is often burdensome and not
suitable for low-literacy groups needing simple, visual guidance.
Teaching Point
Use culturally tailored plate visuals to make food guides
actionable for low-literacy groups.
Citation
Gilbert, J. A., & Schlenker, E. (2024). Williams’ Essentials of
Nutrition and Diet Therapy (13th ed.). Chapter 1.
3⃣
Reference
Ch. 1 — Nutrition and Health
Clinical Question Stem
A 28-year-old pregnant woman in her first trimester reports
frequent nausea and a 5% weight loss since conception. Her
