TEST BANK
,MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
1) In a sample of 775 senior citizens, approximately 67% said that they had seen a television 1)
commercial for life insurance. About how many senior citizens is this?
A) Not enough information available. B) 519
C) 67 D) 256
Answer: B
2) A two-way table could be used for which of the following pairs of variables? 2)
A) Gender and age B) Age and favorite class
C) Gender and favorite class D) Age and height
Answer: C
Indicate whether the study described is an observational study or a controlled experiment.
3) "People with diabetes are at higher risk for certain cancers than those without the blood sugar 3)
disease, suggests a new study based on a telephone survey of nearly 400,000 adults."
A) Controlled experiment B) Observational study
Answer: B
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Answer the question.
4) The number of clinically obese men in State A is 156,261 and the number of clinically obese 4)
men in State B is 294,269. Someone makes the claim that this is evidence that men exercise
more in State A. What information is missing that might contradict this claim?
Answer: We need to know the total number of men in State A and State B so that a
comparison can be made of the percentage of the men in each state that are clinically
obese. There could be a much higher male population in State B than State A. Also,
assumptions about exercise and obesity are being made.
1
,MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the data in Table 1A to answer the question.
Note: 1 is female, 0 is male.
5) Suppose you wanted to know whether the student's commute distance was associated with the 5) c
student's living situation. Using the data table if possible, which variables would you use?
A) Use CommutecDistancec(Miles)candcLivingcSituation.
B) Dataconcstudent'sclivingcsituationcarecnotcincludedcincthiscstudy.
C) UsecCommutecDistancec(Miles)candcCollegecUnitscAcquired.
D) UsecCollegecUnitscAcquiredcandcLivingcSituatio
n.cAnswer:c A
Incacstudycofc1350celementarycschoolcchildren,c118coutc ofcthec615cgirlscincthecstudycsaidctheycwantctocbecacteacherc w
henctheycgrowcup.
6) Whatcpercentcofcgirlscwantctocbecacteachercwhenctheycgrowcup? 6)
A) 45.6% B)c80.8% C)c8.7% D)c19.2%
Answer:cD
Determinecifcthecfollowingcscenariociscancobservationalcstudycorcaccontrolledcexperiment.
7) Acdoctorciscinterestedcincdeterminingcwhethercaccertaincmedicationcincreasescthecriskcofchighcblo 7) c
odcpressure.cHecrandomlycselectsc100cpeoplecforchiscstudyc-
c50cwhocwillctakecthecmedication,candc50cwhoc willctakec acplacebo.c Heccheckscthec patients'c blo
odc pressuresc weeklycforc sixc months.
A) Observationalcstudy B)cNeither
C)cControlledcexperimentcAnswer:c C
Solvecthecproblem. 8) c
8) Thecnumbercofcparentscwhocattendedcparentcteachercconferencescatcaclocalcelementarycschoolci
scancexamplecofcwhatctypecofcvariable?
A) Numericalcvariable B)cCategoricalcvariable
C)cNeithercAnswer:c A
2
, SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Determinecifcthecfollowingcscenariociscancobservationalcstudycorcaccontrolledcexperimentcandcexplaincyourcreasoning.
9) Acdoctorciscinterestedcincdeterminingcwhethercaccertaincmedicationcisceffectivecatctreati 9) c
ngcabdominalc pain.c Hec reviewsc hisc patients'c medicalc recordsc andc findsc thatc ac hig
hercproportioncofcpeoplecwhoctookcthecmedicationcfewercabdominalcpaincsymptomsctha
ncthosecwhocdidcnotctakecthecmedication.
Answer:cThisciscancobservationalcstudycbecausecthecdoctorcdidcnotcrandomlycassigncpatie
ntscintocgroups.cInstead,checsimplyclookedcatcmedicalcfiles.
MULTIPLEcCHOICE.c Choosectheconecalternativecthatcbestccompletescthecstatementcorcanswerscthecquestion.cS
olvecthecproblem.
10) Actwo-wayctableciscusefulcforcdescribingcwhichctypescofcvariables? 10)c
A) Onecnumericalcvariable.
B) Twoccategoricalcvariables.
C) Onecnumericalcvariablecandconeccategoricalcvariable.
D) Twocnumericalcvariables
.cAnswer:c B
11) Thecfollowingcdatactableciscorganizedcusingcwhichcmethod? 11)c
Gender Age
Male 35
Female 42
Female 33
Male 37
Femalec 39c
A) Thisciscstackedcdatacbecauseceachcrowcrepresentsconecperson.
B) Thisciscunstackedcdatacbecausecthecagescarecseparatedcbycgroupsc(incthisccase,cgender).
C) Thisciscstackedcdatacbecausec thecagescarecseparatedcbycgroupsc(incthisccase,cgender).
D) Thisciscunstackedcdatacbecauseceachcrowcrepresentsconecperso
n.cAnswer:c A
SHORTcANSWER.cWritecthecwordcorcphrasecthatcbestccompletesceachcstatementcorcanswerscthecquestion.
12) Accordingctocthecfollowingctwo- 12)c
wayctable,cwhycarecpercentagescmorecusefulcthanccountsctoccomparec thec amountcofcma
lescandcfemalescwhoceatcbreakfast?
Answer:cThecgroupcsizescarecdifferent.cTherecarec55cmales,cbutconlyc45cfemales.
3
,MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
1) In a sample of 775 senior citizens, approximately 67% said that they had seen a television 1)
commercial for life insurance. About how many senior citizens is this?
A) Not enough information available. B) 519
C) 67 D) 256
Answer: B
2) A two-way table could be used for which of the following pairs of variables? 2)
A) Gender and age B) Age and favorite class
C) Gender and favorite class D) Age and height
Answer: C
Indicate whether the study described is an observational study or a controlled experiment.
3) "People with diabetes are at higher risk for certain cancers than those without the blood sugar 3)
disease, suggests a new study based on a telephone survey of nearly 400,000 adults."
A) Controlled experiment B) Observational study
Answer: B
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Answer the question.
4) The number of clinically obese men in State A is 156,261 and the number of clinically obese 4)
men in State B is 294,269. Someone makes the claim that this is evidence that men exercise
more in State A. What information is missing that might contradict this claim?
Answer: We need to know the total number of men in State A and State B so that a
comparison can be made of the percentage of the men in each state that are clinically
obese. There could be a much higher male population in State B than State A. Also,
assumptions about exercise and obesity are being made.
1
,MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the data in Table 1A to answer the question.
Note: 1 is female, 0 is male.
5) Suppose you wanted to know whether the student's commute distance was associated with the 5) c
student's living situation. Using the data table if possible, which variables would you use?
A) Use CommutecDistancec(Miles)candcLivingcSituation.
B) Dataconcstudent'sclivingcsituationcarecnotcincludedcincthiscstudy.
C) UsecCommutecDistancec(Miles)candcCollegecUnitscAcquired.
D) UsecCollegecUnitscAcquiredcandcLivingcSituatio
n.cAnswer:c A
Incacstudycofc1350celementarycschoolcchildren,c118coutc ofcthec615cgirlscincthecstudycsaidctheycwantctocbecacteacherc w
henctheycgrowcup.
6) Whatcpercentcofcgirlscwantctocbecacteachercwhenctheycgrowcup? 6)
A) 45.6% B)c80.8% C)c8.7% D)c19.2%
Answer:cD
Determinecifcthecfollowingcscenariociscancobservationalcstudycorcaccontrolledcexperiment.
7) Acdoctorciscinterestedcincdeterminingcwhethercaccertaincmedicationcincreasescthecriskcofchighcblo 7) c
odcpressure.cHecrandomlycselectsc100cpeoplecforchiscstudyc-
c50cwhocwillctakecthecmedication,candc50cwhoc willctakec acplacebo.c Heccheckscthec patients'c blo
odc pressuresc weeklycforc sixc months.
A) Observationalcstudy B)cNeither
C)cControlledcexperimentcAnswer:c C
Solvecthecproblem. 8) c
8) Thecnumbercofcparentscwhocattendedcparentcteachercconferencescatcaclocalcelementarycschoolci
scancexamplecofcwhatctypecofcvariable?
A) Numericalcvariable B)cCategoricalcvariable
C)cNeithercAnswer:c A
2
, SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Determinecifcthecfollowingcscenariociscancobservationalcstudycorcaccontrolledcexperimentcandcexplaincyourcreasoning.
9) Acdoctorciscinterestedcincdeterminingcwhethercaccertaincmedicationcisceffectivecatctreati 9) c
ngcabdominalc pain.c Hec reviewsc hisc patients'c medicalc recordsc andc findsc thatc ac hig
hercproportioncofcpeoplecwhoctookcthecmedicationcfewercabdominalcpaincsymptomsctha
ncthosecwhocdidcnotctakecthecmedication.
Answer:cThisciscancobservationalcstudycbecausecthecdoctorcdidcnotcrandomlycassigncpatie
ntscintocgroups.cInstead,checsimplyclookedcatcmedicalcfiles.
MULTIPLEcCHOICE.c Choosectheconecalternativecthatcbestccompletescthecstatementcorcanswerscthecquestion.cS
olvecthecproblem.
10) Actwo-wayctableciscusefulcforcdescribingcwhichctypescofcvariables? 10)c
A) Onecnumericalcvariable.
B) Twoccategoricalcvariables.
C) Onecnumericalcvariablecandconeccategoricalcvariable.
D) Twocnumericalcvariables
.cAnswer:c B
11) Thecfollowingcdatactableciscorganizedcusingcwhichcmethod? 11)c
Gender Age
Male 35
Female 42
Female 33
Male 37
Femalec 39c
A) Thisciscstackedcdatacbecauseceachcrowcrepresentsconecperson.
B) Thisciscunstackedcdatacbecausecthecagescarecseparatedcbycgroupsc(incthisccase,cgender).
C) Thisciscstackedcdatacbecausec thecagescarecseparatedcbycgroupsc(incthisccase,cgender).
D) Thisciscunstackedcdatacbecauseceachcrowcrepresentsconecperso
n.cAnswer:c A
SHORTcANSWER.cWritecthecwordcorcphrasecthatcbestccompletesceachcstatementcorcanswerscthecquestion.
12) Accordingctocthecfollowingctwo- 12)c
wayctable,cwhycarecpercentagescmorecusefulcthanccountsctoccomparec thec amountcofcma
lescandcfemalescwhoceatcbreakfast?
Answer:cThecgroupcsizescarecdifferent.cTherecarec55cmales,cbutconlyc45cfemales.
3
