BI 121 (LECTURE) EXAM 1 GRCC 2026 SPRING TEST QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS
Biology
The study of life
Anatomy
The study of the structure of an organism (form)
Physiology
The study of the functioning of an organism (function)
The study of homeostatic mechanisms
Epidemiology
The study of the transmission of disease between organisms (how the disease gets from
one place to another)
Epidemiologist
Person that studies epidemiology
Metabolism
Process of extracting and transforming energy
,E.g., digestion, assimilation
Energy
The capacity to do work
Work
A change in motion of matter (move stuff)
Anabolic Metabolism
Synthesis of larger molecules from smaller
Catabolic Metabolism
Reduction of larger molecules into smaller
Individual level of environmental interaction/adaption
Irritability (reaction to stimuli) homeostasis. sweating, shivering
Species level of environmental interaction/adaption
Evolution of new forms (if you cannot evolve, species disappears)
,Movement
Either internal or external
visceral layer
covers organ
cranial cavity
brain
vertebral (spinal) cavity
spinal cord
Atoms
The building blocks of matter. Made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons.
Proton
Has a positive charge
Neutron
Has a neutral charge, meaning it has no charge
, Electron
Has a negative charge
Valence Shell
The outermost shell/energy level - determines bonding
Contains chemically reactive electrons
If not filled with electrons, will form bonds with other atoms
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Solution
A liquid homogenous mixture of greater than, or equal to, 2 elements
1. Solvent
2. Solute
What is a solution composed of?
Solvent
SOLUTIONS
Biology
The study of life
Anatomy
The study of the structure of an organism (form)
Physiology
The study of the functioning of an organism (function)
The study of homeostatic mechanisms
Epidemiology
The study of the transmission of disease between organisms (how the disease gets from
one place to another)
Epidemiologist
Person that studies epidemiology
Metabolism
Process of extracting and transforming energy
,E.g., digestion, assimilation
Energy
The capacity to do work
Work
A change in motion of matter (move stuff)
Anabolic Metabolism
Synthesis of larger molecules from smaller
Catabolic Metabolism
Reduction of larger molecules into smaller
Individual level of environmental interaction/adaption
Irritability (reaction to stimuli) homeostasis. sweating, shivering
Species level of environmental interaction/adaption
Evolution of new forms (if you cannot evolve, species disappears)
,Movement
Either internal or external
visceral layer
covers organ
cranial cavity
brain
vertebral (spinal) cavity
spinal cord
Atoms
The building blocks of matter. Made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons.
Proton
Has a positive charge
Neutron
Has a neutral charge, meaning it has no charge
, Electron
Has a negative charge
Valence Shell
The outermost shell/energy level - determines bonding
Contains chemically reactive electrons
If not filled with electrons, will form bonds with other atoms
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Solution
A liquid homogenous mixture of greater than, or equal to, 2 elements
1. Solvent
2. Solute
What is a solution composed of?
Solvent
