ABCOP ORTHOTICS WRITTEN EXAM 2026/2027 UPDATE WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
A single gait cycle is defined as the activity that occurs from:
Heel strike on one side to heel strike on the ipsilateral side
During which phase of gait are the hip extensors most active?
Loading Response
Which muscle most closely duplicates the function of the tibialis anterior?
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Which of the following is often the result of an irregular birth?
Multiple Sclerosis
A patient presents to your office with bossing of the right posterior cranium and flattening
on the left posterior cranium. How would you classify this?
Left posterior brachycephalic
Which type of scoliosis is most likely the result of a leg length discrepancy?
Nonstructural scoliosis
,What is the most appropriate for a median nerve injury at the wrist?
WHO with thumb post
In addition to the deltoid, the axillary nerve innervates the:
Teres Minor
The axis of rotation of the hip joint is located:
Anterior & Superior to the greater trochanter
The gelatinous center of a spinal disc is the:
Nucleus Pulposus
Which muscle serves to abduct the phalanges away from the 3rd digit?
Dorsal Interossei
The position of the thoracic facets most easily allows for which movements?
Rotation and Lateral Flexion
Which of the following is NOT true of Sheurmann's kyphosis?
,An LSO to posteriorly tilt the pelvis will improve this condition
What gait deviation would you primarily expect to see with a tibial nerve lesion?
Uncontrolled tibial advancement in stance phase
What compensatory motion would most likely be seen in an individual with quadriceps
weakness?
Forward trunk lean
Hydrocephalus often accompanies which of the following?
Spina Bifida
The lumbricals function to:
Flex the MCP joints and extend the PIP joints
What is NOT true of the gluteus maximums
It functions as an internal rotator of the hip
Maximum plantarflexion occurs at what phase of gait?
Pre Swing
, Which muscle is NOT innervated by the obturator nerve?
Sartorius
What is NOT true of gait?
Initial swing begins at toe off and continues until the tibia reaches vertical
You are working with a therapist on gait training for a patient that has a L1 complete spinal
cord injury along with another patient that has an L4 spinal cord injury. What bracing would
you expect most appropriate for these patients and ambulation tolerance respectively:
-L1 spinal cord injury: Independent ambulation with knee ankle foot orthosis (KAFO)
household distance, L4 spinal cord injury: ankle foot orthosis, community ambulator
independent
-L1 spinal cord injury:Independent with all manual wheelchair skills, non ambulator no
bracing, L4 spinal cord injury: KAFO, independent with household distances
-L1 spinal cord injury: no ambulation, independent with transfers, bed mobility, wheelchair
mobility, L4 spinal cord injury: ankle foot orthosis, independent with community mobility
-L1 spinal cord injury: ankle foot orthosis, household mobility, L4 spinal cord injury: ankle
foot orthosis, independent with community mobility
L1 spinal cord injury: Independent ambulation with knee ankle foot orthosis (KAFO)
household distance, L4 spinal cord injury: ankle foot orthosis, community ambulator
independent
What pathology would indicate the use of a Williams Flexion LSO:
Anterior compression fractures
Burst fractures
A single gait cycle is defined as the activity that occurs from:
Heel strike on one side to heel strike on the ipsilateral side
During which phase of gait are the hip extensors most active?
Loading Response
Which muscle most closely duplicates the function of the tibialis anterior?
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Which of the following is often the result of an irregular birth?
Multiple Sclerosis
A patient presents to your office with bossing of the right posterior cranium and flattening
on the left posterior cranium. How would you classify this?
Left posterior brachycephalic
Which type of scoliosis is most likely the result of a leg length discrepancy?
Nonstructural scoliosis
,What is the most appropriate for a median nerve injury at the wrist?
WHO with thumb post
In addition to the deltoid, the axillary nerve innervates the:
Teres Minor
The axis of rotation of the hip joint is located:
Anterior & Superior to the greater trochanter
The gelatinous center of a spinal disc is the:
Nucleus Pulposus
Which muscle serves to abduct the phalanges away from the 3rd digit?
Dorsal Interossei
The position of the thoracic facets most easily allows for which movements?
Rotation and Lateral Flexion
Which of the following is NOT true of Sheurmann's kyphosis?
,An LSO to posteriorly tilt the pelvis will improve this condition
What gait deviation would you primarily expect to see with a tibial nerve lesion?
Uncontrolled tibial advancement in stance phase
What compensatory motion would most likely be seen in an individual with quadriceps
weakness?
Forward trunk lean
Hydrocephalus often accompanies which of the following?
Spina Bifida
The lumbricals function to:
Flex the MCP joints and extend the PIP joints
What is NOT true of the gluteus maximums
It functions as an internal rotator of the hip
Maximum plantarflexion occurs at what phase of gait?
Pre Swing
, Which muscle is NOT innervated by the obturator nerve?
Sartorius
What is NOT true of gait?
Initial swing begins at toe off and continues until the tibia reaches vertical
You are working with a therapist on gait training for a patient that has a L1 complete spinal
cord injury along with another patient that has an L4 spinal cord injury. What bracing would
you expect most appropriate for these patients and ambulation tolerance respectively:
-L1 spinal cord injury: Independent ambulation with knee ankle foot orthosis (KAFO)
household distance, L4 spinal cord injury: ankle foot orthosis, community ambulator
independent
-L1 spinal cord injury:Independent with all manual wheelchair skills, non ambulator no
bracing, L4 spinal cord injury: KAFO, independent with household distances
-L1 spinal cord injury: no ambulation, independent with transfers, bed mobility, wheelchair
mobility, L4 spinal cord injury: ankle foot orthosis, independent with community mobility
-L1 spinal cord injury: ankle foot orthosis, household mobility, L4 spinal cord injury: ankle
foot orthosis, independent with community mobility
L1 spinal cord injury: Independent ambulation with knee ankle foot orthosis (KAFO)
household distance, L4 spinal cord injury: ankle foot orthosis, community ambulator
independent
What pathology would indicate the use of a Williams Flexion LSO:
Anterior compression fractures
Burst fractures
