TEST BANK
Massage Therapy: Principles and Practice
BY SUSAN G. SALVO
7th Edition
, TEST BANK Massage Therapy 7/E Susan Salvo
Chapter 01: History of Massage: Prehistoric Times to the Modern Era and
Professional Societies, Organizations, and Associations.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which method is defined as manipulation of soft tissue using pressure and
traction for clinical, therapeutic, and palliative purposes?
a. Acupuncture
b. Ayurveda
c. Polarity therapy
d. Massage therapy
ANS: D
Massage therapy the manipulation of soft tissue using compression and
decompression/traction for clinical, therapeutic, and palliative purposes or for
wellness and self-care purposes.
2. Which origin for the word massage is Greek?
a. Mashesh
b. Masso
c. Masser
d. Makeh
ANS: B
The origin of the word massage is unclear, but can be traced to numerous
sources: the Hebrew mashesh, the Greek masso and massin, the Latin massa,
the Arabic mass’h, the Sanskrit makeh, and the French masser.
3. When was the earliest the term massage was used by most European-based
cultures?
a. 1600s
b. 1700s
c. 1800s
d. 1900s
ANS: C
By the early 1800s, the term massage was used by most European-based
cultures. Historically, massage was referred to by its techniques such as
friction or rubbing.
4. The first written records of massage date back to 3000 BCE in which country?
a. India
b. China
c. Egypt
d. Greece
ANS: B
Written records regarding the practice of massage go back to 3000 BCE in
China. Acupuncture was not mentioned in Chinese writings until 90 BCE.
5. Which work is commonly referred to as the classic scripture of traditional Chinese
medicine?
, a. Tao Te Ching
b. Nei Ching
c. Ayur-Veda
d. Corpus Hippocraticum
ANS: B
At the time of Hwang Ti, various ideas and beliefs were compiled under the name
of the Yellow Emperor (died in 2599 BCE) which became the classic scripture of
traditional Chinese medicine known as the Nei Chang. The Nei Chang was written
about 2760 BCE, and this work contains detailed descriptions of massage
procedures as well as herbal medicines.
6. What is the original massage technique in China and the precursor to manual
and energetic therapies?
a. Polarity
b. Shiatsu
c. Acupuncture
d. Amma
ANS: D
Amma is regarded as the original massage technique and precursor to all
other Chinese therapies, manual and energetic.
7. Which healing method is based on Hindu tradition?
a. Ayurveda
b. Shiatsu
c. Amma
d. Polarity
ANS: A
Knowledge of amma massage traveled to the subcontinent of India from China,
and massage became part of Hindu tradition. Massage is described in India’s first
great medical texts, the Ayurveda books of wisdom (about 1800 BCE) and
recommend massage as an indispensable healing procedure.
8. Which method is Japanese but based on Chinese medicine concepts, and uses
pressure applied from the practitioner’s thumbs, elbows, and other parts of the
body?
a. Ayurveda
b. Shiatsu
c. Massage
d. Amma
ANS: B
Shiatsu is a Japanese method based on the same traditional Chinese medicine
concepts as acupuncture —energy flows in the body through streams called
channels or meridians.
Acupuncturists use needles at specific points to balance the flow of energy;
shiatsu practitioners use their fingers, thumbs, forearms, elbows, and even
their knees and feet.
9. Who is generally recognized as the father of modern Western medicine?
a. Galen
b. Celsus
c. Rhazes
, d. Hippocrates
ANS: D
Hippocrates was known to be a fine physician, founder of a medical school,
author of numerous books, and advocated the use of massage or “rubbing.”
These works are collectively known as the Corpus Hippocraticum, and
summarized much of what was known about disease and medicine in the ancient
world. Hippocrates is generally recognized as the father of modern Western
medicine, and he believed that physicians should avoid causing harm to
patients.
10. Who wrote the Canon of Medicine, the most famous book in the history of
medicine in both the East and the West?
a. Rhazes
b. Celsus
c. Avicenna
d. Hippocrates
ANS: C
A text entitled or Canon of Medicine was written by one of the
greatest Persian physicians of his era, Avicenna (980-1037). He was also known
as Ibn Sina. The Canon of Medicine is the most famous book in the history of
medicine in both the East and the West.
11. Which individual discussed the effects of massage and used friction on joints in the
1500s?
a. Paré
b. Harvey
c. Galen
d. Mezger
ANS: A
Ambroise Paré (1515-1590) was a famous French surgeon who was among
the earliest individuals in this era to discuss the effects of massage. He used
friction to treat dislocated joints and other orthopedic conditions.
12. Who was the first known scientist to demonstrate that blood circulation due
to muscular contraction of the heart?
a. Paré
b. Galen
c. Harvey
d. Mezger
ANS: C
English scientist William Harvey (1578–1657) discovered the circulation of
blood in 1628, and his writings did much to promote the acceptance of
massage as a treatment measure.
Harvey observed the hearts of living animals and determined that active phase of
the heart muscular contraction (systole) pumped blood through arteries and veins.
13. Who developed the Swedish Movement Cure, which included the use of massage?
a. Johann Mezger
b. Pehr H. Ling
c. George Henry Taylor
Massage Therapy: Principles and Practice
BY SUSAN G. SALVO
7th Edition
, TEST BANK Massage Therapy 7/E Susan Salvo
Chapter 01: History of Massage: Prehistoric Times to the Modern Era and
Professional Societies, Organizations, and Associations.
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which method is defined as manipulation of soft tissue using pressure and
traction for clinical, therapeutic, and palliative purposes?
a. Acupuncture
b. Ayurveda
c. Polarity therapy
d. Massage therapy
ANS: D
Massage therapy the manipulation of soft tissue using compression and
decompression/traction for clinical, therapeutic, and palliative purposes or for
wellness and self-care purposes.
2. Which origin for the word massage is Greek?
a. Mashesh
b. Masso
c. Masser
d. Makeh
ANS: B
The origin of the word massage is unclear, but can be traced to numerous
sources: the Hebrew mashesh, the Greek masso and massin, the Latin massa,
the Arabic mass’h, the Sanskrit makeh, and the French masser.
3. When was the earliest the term massage was used by most European-based
cultures?
a. 1600s
b. 1700s
c. 1800s
d. 1900s
ANS: C
By the early 1800s, the term massage was used by most European-based
cultures. Historically, massage was referred to by its techniques such as
friction or rubbing.
4. The first written records of massage date back to 3000 BCE in which country?
a. India
b. China
c. Egypt
d. Greece
ANS: B
Written records regarding the practice of massage go back to 3000 BCE in
China. Acupuncture was not mentioned in Chinese writings until 90 BCE.
5. Which work is commonly referred to as the classic scripture of traditional Chinese
medicine?
, a. Tao Te Ching
b. Nei Ching
c. Ayur-Veda
d. Corpus Hippocraticum
ANS: B
At the time of Hwang Ti, various ideas and beliefs were compiled under the name
of the Yellow Emperor (died in 2599 BCE) which became the classic scripture of
traditional Chinese medicine known as the Nei Chang. The Nei Chang was written
about 2760 BCE, and this work contains detailed descriptions of massage
procedures as well as herbal medicines.
6. What is the original massage technique in China and the precursor to manual
and energetic therapies?
a. Polarity
b. Shiatsu
c. Acupuncture
d. Amma
ANS: D
Amma is regarded as the original massage technique and precursor to all
other Chinese therapies, manual and energetic.
7. Which healing method is based on Hindu tradition?
a. Ayurveda
b. Shiatsu
c. Amma
d. Polarity
ANS: A
Knowledge of amma massage traveled to the subcontinent of India from China,
and massage became part of Hindu tradition. Massage is described in India’s first
great medical texts, the Ayurveda books of wisdom (about 1800 BCE) and
recommend massage as an indispensable healing procedure.
8. Which method is Japanese but based on Chinese medicine concepts, and uses
pressure applied from the practitioner’s thumbs, elbows, and other parts of the
body?
a. Ayurveda
b. Shiatsu
c. Massage
d. Amma
ANS: B
Shiatsu is a Japanese method based on the same traditional Chinese medicine
concepts as acupuncture —energy flows in the body through streams called
channels or meridians.
Acupuncturists use needles at specific points to balance the flow of energy;
shiatsu practitioners use their fingers, thumbs, forearms, elbows, and even
their knees and feet.
9. Who is generally recognized as the father of modern Western medicine?
a. Galen
b. Celsus
c. Rhazes
, d. Hippocrates
ANS: D
Hippocrates was known to be a fine physician, founder of a medical school,
author of numerous books, and advocated the use of massage or “rubbing.”
These works are collectively known as the Corpus Hippocraticum, and
summarized much of what was known about disease and medicine in the ancient
world. Hippocrates is generally recognized as the father of modern Western
medicine, and he believed that physicians should avoid causing harm to
patients.
10. Who wrote the Canon of Medicine, the most famous book in the history of
medicine in both the East and the West?
a. Rhazes
b. Celsus
c. Avicenna
d. Hippocrates
ANS: C
A text entitled or Canon of Medicine was written by one of the
greatest Persian physicians of his era, Avicenna (980-1037). He was also known
as Ibn Sina. The Canon of Medicine is the most famous book in the history of
medicine in both the East and the West.
11. Which individual discussed the effects of massage and used friction on joints in the
1500s?
a. Paré
b. Harvey
c. Galen
d. Mezger
ANS: A
Ambroise Paré (1515-1590) was a famous French surgeon who was among
the earliest individuals in this era to discuss the effects of massage. He used
friction to treat dislocated joints and other orthopedic conditions.
12. Who was the first known scientist to demonstrate that blood circulation due
to muscular contraction of the heart?
a. Paré
b. Galen
c. Harvey
d. Mezger
ANS: C
English scientist William Harvey (1578–1657) discovered the circulation of
blood in 1628, and his writings did much to promote the acceptance of
massage as a treatment measure.
Harvey observed the hearts of living animals and determined that active phase of
the heart muscular contraction (systole) pumped blood through arteries and veins.
13. Who developed the Swedish Movement Cure, which included the use of massage?
a. Johann Mezger
b. Pehr H. Ling
c. George Henry Taylor
