NR601- PRIMARY CARE OF THE MATURING
AND AGED FAMILY- FINAL 2026 EXAM
STUDY GUIDE COVERING WEEKS 1–4
COURSE WORK |CHAMBERLAIN
UNIVERSITY WITH QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. A 68-year-old female presents with fatigue, weight gain, and
cold intolerance. Lab results show elevated TSH and low free T4.
Which diagnosis is most likely?
A) Hypothyroidism
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Type 2 diabetes
D) Menopause
Correct Answer A
RationaleIn older adults, hypothyroidism often presents with
nonspecific symptoms like fatigue and cold intolerance; elevated
TSH with low T4 confirms primary hypothyroidism, common due
to age-related thyroid changes.
2. An 82-year-old male with type 2 diabetes has an A1C of 8.5%.
He is on metformin but reports gastrointestinal upset. What is the
next appropriate step in management?
A) Add a sulfonylurea
, B) Switch to a DPP-4 inhibitor
C) Increase metformin dose
D) Add insulin
Correct Answer B
RationaleIn geriatric patients with diabetes, avoid sulfonylureas
due to hypoglycemia risk; DPP-4 inhibitors are safer alternatives
when metformin causes GI issues, per ADA guidelines for older
adults.
3. A 55-year-old perimenopausal woman complains of hot flashes
and night sweats. Non-pharmacologic management should
include:
A) Hormone replacement therapy immediately
B) Lifestyle modifications like avoiding triggers
C) Antidepressants as first-line
D) Surgical options
Correct Answer B
RationaleFor menopause symptoms in maturing adults, start
with lifestyle changes (cool environment, layered clothing) before
pharmacotherapy to minimize risks like cardiovascular events.
4. A 75-year-old female with prediabetes has a fasting glucose of
110 mg/dL. Primary prevention should focus on:
A) Immediate insulin therapy
, B) Weight loss and exercise
C) Statin initiation
D) Annual A1C only
Correct Answer B
RationalePrediabetes management in older adults emphasizes
lifestyle interventions to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes,
with goals of 5-7% weight loss and 150 min/week moderate
activity.
5. Hyperthyroidism in an 80-year-old may present atypically as:
A) Weight gain
B) Apathy and fatigue
C) Cold intolerance
D) Constipation
Correct Answer B
RationaleGeriatric hyperthyroidism often lacks classic
symptoms like tremor; instead, it manifests as "apathetic
hyperthyroidism" with fatigue, weight loss, and depression.
6. In managing type 1 diabetes in a 70-year-old, the NP should
prioritize:
A) Tight glycemic control (A1C <6.5%)
B) Avoiding hypoglycemia
C) High-dose statins
, D) Daily aspirin regardless of risk
Correct Answer B
RationaleOlder adults with type 1 diabetes are at high
hypoglycemia risk due to reduced awareness; guidelines
recommend individualized A1C targets (7-8%) to balance control
and safety.
7. A 62-year-old postmenopausal woman has osteoporosis. First-
line pharmacologic treatment is:
A) Bisphosphonates
B) Estrogen therapy
C) Calcium alone
D) Denosumab
Correct Answer A
RationaleBisphosphonates like alendronate are first-line for
postmenopausal osteoporosis in older women, reducing fracture
risk; ensure adequate calcium/vitamin D intake.
8. Symptoms of menopause include all except:
A) Vasomotor symptoms
B) Vaginal dryness
C) Weight loss
D) Mood changes
Correct Answer C
AND AGED FAMILY- FINAL 2026 EXAM
STUDY GUIDE COVERING WEEKS 1–4
COURSE WORK |CHAMBERLAIN
UNIVERSITY WITH QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. A 68-year-old female presents with fatigue, weight gain, and
cold intolerance. Lab results show elevated TSH and low free T4.
Which diagnosis is most likely?
A) Hypothyroidism
B) Hyperthyroidism
C) Type 2 diabetes
D) Menopause
Correct Answer A
RationaleIn older adults, hypothyroidism often presents with
nonspecific symptoms like fatigue and cold intolerance; elevated
TSH with low T4 confirms primary hypothyroidism, common due
to age-related thyroid changes.
2. An 82-year-old male with type 2 diabetes has an A1C of 8.5%.
He is on metformin but reports gastrointestinal upset. What is the
next appropriate step in management?
A) Add a sulfonylurea
, B) Switch to a DPP-4 inhibitor
C) Increase metformin dose
D) Add insulin
Correct Answer B
RationaleIn geriatric patients with diabetes, avoid sulfonylureas
due to hypoglycemia risk; DPP-4 inhibitors are safer alternatives
when metformin causes GI issues, per ADA guidelines for older
adults.
3. A 55-year-old perimenopausal woman complains of hot flashes
and night sweats. Non-pharmacologic management should
include:
A) Hormone replacement therapy immediately
B) Lifestyle modifications like avoiding triggers
C) Antidepressants as first-line
D) Surgical options
Correct Answer B
RationaleFor menopause symptoms in maturing adults, start
with lifestyle changes (cool environment, layered clothing) before
pharmacotherapy to minimize risks like cardiovascular events.
4. A 75-year-old female with prediabetes has a fasting glucose of
110 mg/dL. Primary prevention should focus on:
A) Immediate insulin therapy
, B) Weight loss and exercise
C) Statin initiation
D) Annual A1C only
Correct Answer B
RationalePrediabetes management in older adults emphasizes
lifestyle interventions to prevent progression to type 2 diabetes,
with goals of 5-7% weight loss and 150 min/week moderate
activity.
5. Hyperthyroidism in an 80-year-old may present atypically as:
A) Weight gain
B) Apathy and fatigue
C) Cold intolerance
D) Constipation
Correct Answer B
RationaleGeriatric hyperthyroidism often lacks classic
symptoms like tremor; instead, it manifests as "apathetic
hyperthyroidism" with fatigue, weight loss, and depression.
6. In managing type 1 diabetes in a 70-year-old, the NP should
prioritize:
A) Tight glycemic control (A1C <6.5%)
B) Avoiding hypoglycemia
C) High-dose statins
, D) Daily aspirin regardless of risk
Correct Answer B
RationaleOlder adults with type 1 diabetes are at high
hypoglycemia risk due to reduced awareness; guidelines
recommend individualized A1C targets (7-8%) to balance control
and safety.
7. A 62-year-old postmenopausal woman has osteoporosis. First-
line pharmacologic treatment is:
A) Bisphosphonates
B) Estrogen therapy
C) Calcium alone
D) Denosumab
Correct Answer A
RationaleBisphosphonates like alendronate are first-line for
postmenopausal osteoporosis in older women, reducing fracture
risk; ensure adequate calcium/vitamin D intake.
8. Symptoms of menopause include all except:
A) Vasomotor symptoms
B) Vaginal dryness
C) Weight loss
D) Mood changes
Correct Answer C
