RCBC A&P 1 TOTAL MARKING LOG 2026
RUNNING RULES ISSUES WITH LINKED
SOLUTIONS
gross anatomy. Ans: Structures that can be examined without a
microscope
◍ regional anatomy. Ans: specific regions of the body such as the
head or chest
◍ systemic anatomy. Ans: study of organs working together
◍ microscopic anatomy. Ans: deals with structures too small to be
seen with the naked eye
◍ cytology. Ans: study of cells
◍ histology. Ans: study of tissues
◍ key concept that explains why anatomy and physiology are best
studied together. Ans: the principle of complementarity of structure
and function
◍ list the levels of structural organization from smallest to largest.
Ans: Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organismal
, ◍ necessary life functions. Ans: maintaining boundaries, movement,
responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction,
growth
◍ survival needs of the body. Ans: nutrients (food), oxygen, water,
appropriate temperature/atmospheric pressure
◍ 11 systems of the body. Ans: Circulatory, Digestive, Endocrine,
Excretory, Integumentary, Lymphatic, Muscular, Nervous,
Reproductive, Respiratory, Skeletal
◍ integumentary system. Ans: Consists of the skin, mucous
membranes, hair, and nail
◍ skeletal system. Ans: creates framework of the body, protects
internal organs, produces blood cells, acts as levers for muscles. Ex:
bones and cartilage, provide for organ attachment
◍ muscular system. Ans: consists of skeletal muscles, tendons that
connect muscles to bones, and ligaments that attach bones together to
form joint
◍ nervous system. Ans: Brain, nerve cells, spinal cord
◍ endocrine system. Ans: glands that secrete hormones to regulate
processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism
, ◍ cardiovascular system. Ans: transport system responsible for
carrying oxygen and nutrients to the body and carrying away carbon
dioxide and other wastes; composed of the heart, blood vessels, and
blood
◍ lymphatic system. Ans: Composed of a network of vessels, ducts,
nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.
◍ respiratory system. Ans: A system of organs, functioning in the
process of gas exchange between the body and the environment,
consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
◍ digestive system. Ans: Breaks down food into absorbable units
that enter the blood for distribution to body cells
◍ urinary system. Ans: Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body.
Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood.
◍ reproductive system. Ans: organ system responsible for producing,
storing, and delivering gametes
◍ homeostasis. Ans: the ability to maintain relatively stable internal
conditions despite changes in the outside environment
, ◍ 5 aspects to maintaining homeostatic balance. Ans: stimulus,
receptor, input, output, response
◍ negative feedback mechanisms. Ans: the output shuts off the
original effect of the stimulus or reduces its intensity to cause the
variable to change in direction opposite to that of the initial change;
ex. sweating to cool off the body
◍ positive feedback mechanisms. Ans: feedback that tends to cause a
variable to change in the same direction as the initial change,
enhances the stimulus; ex. labor contractions increase
◍ homeostatic imbalance. Ans: disturbance in homeostasis; occurs
when the usual negative feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed and
destructive positive feedback mechanisms take over; often results in
disease
◍ anatomical position. Ans: body facing forward, feet are parallel to
each other, arms are at he sides with the palms facing forward
◍ directional terms. Ans: terms used to explain where one body
structure is in relation to another
◍ axial body. Ans: runs right down the center (axis) and consists of
everything except the limbs, meaning the head, neck, thorax (chest
and back), abdomen, and pelvis
RUNNING RULES ISSUES WITH LINKED
SOLUTIONS
gross anatomy. Ans: Structures that can be examined without a
microscope
◍ regional anatomy. Ans: specific regions of the body such as the
head or chest
◍ systemic anatomy. Ans: study of organs working together
◍ microscopic anatomy. Ans: deals with structures too small to be
seen with the naked eye
◍ cytology. Ans: study of cells
◍ histology. Ans: study of tissues
◍ key concept that explains why anatomy and physiology are best
studied together. Ans: the principle of complementarity of structure
and function
◍ list the levels of structural organization from smallest to largest.
Ans: Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organismal
, ◍ necessary life functions. Ans: maintaining boundaries, movement,
responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction,
growth
◍ survival needs of the body. Ans: nutrients (food), oxygen, water,
appropriate temperature/atmospheric pressure
◍ 11 systems of the body. Ans: Circulatory, Digestive, Endocrine,
Excretory, Integumentary, Lymphatic, Muscular, Nervous,
Reproductive, Respiratory, Skeletal
◍ integumentary system. Ans: Consists of the skin, mucous
membranes, hair, and nail
◍ skeletal system. Ans: creates framework of the body, protects
internal organs, produces blood cells, acts as levers for muscles. Ex:
bones and cartilage, provide for organ attachment
◍ muscular system. Ans: consists of skeletal muscles, tendons that
connect muscles to bones, and ligaments that attach bones together to
form joint
◍ nervous system. Ans: Brain, nerve cells, spinal cord
◍ endocrine system. Ans: glands that secrete hormones to regulate
processes such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism
, ◍ cardiovascular system. Ans: transport system responsible for
carrying oxygen and nutrients to the body and carrying away carbon
dioxide and other wastes; composed of the heart, blood vessels, and
blood
◍ lymphatic system. Ans: Composed of a network of vessels, ducts,
nodes, and organs. Provides defense against infection.
◍ respiratory system. Ans: A system of organs, functioning in the
process of gas exchange between the body and the environment,
consisting especially of the nose, nasal passages, nasopharynx, larynx,
trachea, bronchi, and lungs.
◍ digestive system. Ans: Breaks down food into absorbable units
that enter the blood for distribution to body cells
◍ urinary system. Ans: Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body.
Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood.
◍ reproductive system. Ans: organ system responsible for producing,
storing, and delivering gametes
◍ homeostasis. Ans: the ability to maintain relatively stable internal
conditions despite changes in the outside environment
, ◍ 5 aspects to maintaining homeostatic balance. Ans: stimulus,
receptor, input, output, response
◍ negative feedback mechanisms. Ans: the output shuts off the
original effect of the stimulus or reduces its intensity to cause the
variable to change in direction opposite to that of the initial change;
ex. sweating to cool off the body
◍ positive feedback mechanisms. Ans: feedback that tends to cause a
variable to change in the same direction as the initial change,
enhances the stimulus; ex. labor contractions increase
◍ homeostatic imbalance. Ans: disturbance in homeostasis; occurs
when the usual negative feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed and
destructive positive feedback mechanisms take over; often results in
disease
◍ anatomical position. Ans: body facing forward, feet are parallel to
each other, arms are at he sides with the palms facing forward
◍ directional terms. Ans: terms used to explain where one body
structure is in relation to another
◍ axial body. Ans: runs right down the center (axis) and consists of
everything except the limbs, meaning the head, neck, thorax (chest
and back), abdomen, and pelvis
